ZSTD compression for ZFS

[allanjude]

Summary

This patch adds ZSTD compression to ZFS

It currently supports the default 19 compression levels. Support for a subset of the negative levels is planned for a future commit.

It includes the required changes to boot from zstd compressed datasets for BIOS/LEGACY and UEFI.

[allanjude]

Lots of cleanup

Works with Zstandard 1.2.0 now

Reduced diff against Zstandard

[allanjude]

Update to support ZSTD 1.3.x

This is a much cleaner version of the patch

Depends on D10407 for libzstd changes

Some of the libstand Makefile goo will go away when Warner finishes his cleanup of sys/boot

This version works, including booting BIOS and EFI with zstd compression on the boot environment.

Still considering switching away from having the 3 compression levels (min, default, max), to just 'zstd', with a separate property that controls the level (1-19)

[imp]

comments on the sys/boot / libstand parts of this.

lib/libstand/Makefile

115–116 ↗

(On Diff #33855)

${SRCTOP}/ instead of ${LIBSTAND_SRC}/../../ works better and fits with changes I've made to this file.

118 ↗

(On Diff #33855)

ditto

sys/boot/efi/boot1/Makefile

94–96 ↗

(On Diff #33855)

Just nuke these. The first line isn't needed anymore, and the last line I've already done.

sys/boot/efi/loader/Makefile

152 ↗

(On Diff #33855)

kill this, it's OBE

sys/boot/i386/gptzfsboot/Makefile

91–92 ↗

(On Diff #33855)

Although this is a wrap fix, it's gratuitous. I'd avoid it. It will also conflict.

[allanjude]

sys/boot/i386/gptzfsboot/Makefile

91–92 ↗

(On Diff #33855)

yes, this was unintentional, it is left over from when there was a libzstd32 for a short while before I just added zstd to libstand instead.

[yann.collet.73_gmail.com]

Just some optional performance suggestions

sys/cddl/contrib/opensolaris/uts/common/fs/zfs/zstd.c

195

Performance suggestion :

re-using an _existing_ compression context saves a lot of allocation and initialisation work.
The smaller the block size, the more measurable the savings.

217

Same logic here as for compression side :
re-using a context saves allocation and initialisation costs.

The impact is less pronounced on the decompression side, because initialisation work is much lighter.

[allanjude]

@yann.collet.73_gmail.com : Is there any tuning we can do to get the size of the compression context down, since we know the maximum size if the input will be 16MB?

sys/cddl/contrib/opensolaris/uts/common/fs/zfs/zstd.c

195

I have not worked out had to handle that safely yet. There are 2 issues:

There are multiple kernel threads that will be calling this function concurrently, and they may be doing different compression levels. I don't want to have N unused -19 compression contexts outstanding, as they are up to 50MB each.

So preallocating a number of contexts probably won't work because of the diversity of input block sizes and compression levels, and the multi-threaded nature of the surrounding code. ZSTD won't be invoked in its multi-threaded mode, but we may be compressing many independent blocks at once.

[yann.collet.73_gmail.com]

Is there any tuning we can do to get the size of the compression context down, since we know the maximum size if the input will be 16MB?

A large proportion of the compression context size comes from hash and binary table sizes.
The associated parameters are cparams.hashlog and cparams.chainlog.
They are automatically set when invoking ZSTD_getCParams(compressionLevel, inputSize, 0).

inputSize is very important to automatically tune down compression parameters in presence of short input.
You have already described in your presentation that selecting a small inputSize has a big impact on compression context size.

For 16 MB though, no tune down will happen, since it's considered a "large" input.

In order to reduce context size, you have a few choices :

• reduce compression level
• reduce input size
• manually change compression parameters

If you are interested in scenario 3, cparams.hashlog and cparams.chainlog will be your prime candidates.
Obviously, changing these values will have additional side effects, on top of reducing memory requirements.
Reducing chainlog will reduce compression ratio, and slightly increase speed.
Reducing hashlog will reduce speed, and slightly reduce compression ratio.
Some other parameters can be modified to compensate, such as increasing searchLog, which will reduce speed, and slightly increase compression ratio.
Well, many variations are possible.
When in doubt if manually selected parameters are valid, use [ZSTD_adjustCParams(cparams, inputSize, 0)](https://github.com/facebook/zstd/blob/dev/lib/zstd.h#L626) to get them automatically fixed.

For a selected set of custom compression parameters, ZSTD_estimateCCtxSize_advanced(cparams) will tell how much memory the compression context needs.

[allanjude]

Newer version of ZSTD (1.3.2)

Incorporate feedback from ZFS developer summit

• Store ZSTD level in a new hidden property. This allows all 19 levels without filling up the zio_compress enum.

Note: stand/ and sys/contrib/zstd changes will be committed separately

[mahrens]

So you only have one new compression value in the BP? Have you looked at how this interacts with L2ARC when compressed ARC is disabled? See arc_cksum_is_equal(), I don't think this will work right, because you won't be able to reproduce the on-disk compressed data without knowing the compression level.

[allanjude]

Solve issues with L2ARC if compressed_arc_enabled=0

Catch up the latest -current

[allanjude]

Update to r329600

Need to retest boot support

[allanjude]

Rebase to r331496

This solves merge conflicts with ZFS device removal and related feature flags that have come in recently

[allanjude]

Add support for zstd compression levels to ZFS channel programs

Also update to Sr333575

[bcr]

Can you bump the .Dd on zpool-features.7 (content change)?

[allanjude]

Update to r334532

No changes to ZSTD/ZFS

[allanjude]

Add a 'zfs send' feature flag, to indicate that zstd is required to receive this stream

Booting from zstd compressed pools has been confirmed working.

Known issues:

• the zstd_compress feature flag is not being 'activated' properly.
• the zstd_compress_level 'property' is not invisible as intended

[allanjude]

Create the ZSTD replication feature flag

• Set for both -c (compressed send) and -e (embedded blocks)

• Fix the activation of the ZSTD per-dataset feature flag. The first time a ZSTD compressed block is written to a dataset, it is activated

• Correctly hide the zstd_compress_level property

[sbruno]

I was just looking at making ZSTD a compile option via ZSTDIO here https://reviews.freebsd.org/D16007

Is there any conflict between this review and what I'm doing?

[allanjude]

Update patch to r336271 and add ZSTD-Fast modes

ZSTD 1.3.4 and later support modes faster than the old 'level 1'.
The 'negative' levels are unbounded, so I chose a subset:
1-10
20-100 in increments of 10
100, 500, and 1000

Compression results of base + kernel + kernel-dbg + src: http://dpaste.com/3GVJY39

[allanjude]

Make ZSTD compile in if you enable ZFS

[imp]

stand/i386/zfsboot/Makefile

32

We don't need this in every single Makefile, do we? Can't we centralize this and expand flags here for ZFS? We already have 4 lines for it, which is 3 too many.

[tsoome]

stand/i386/zfsboot/Makefile

32

actually we could have something like:

CFLAGS.somefile.c += ...

[allanjude]

I much improved version of this has just been committed upstream: https://github.com/openzfs/zfs/commit/10b3c7f5e424f54b3ba82dbf1600d866e64ec0a0

It will be pulled back into FreeBSD as part of the switch to OpenZFS in the next few weeks.