dhclient: raise WARNS to 4

Mostly const-correctness fixes. There were also some variable-shadowing,
unused variable, and a couple of sockaddr type-correctness changes. I also had
trouble with cast-align warnings. I was able to prove that one of them was a
false positive. But ultimately I had to disable the warning program-wide to
deal with the others.

Reviewed by: cem
MFC after: 3 weeks
Sponsored by: Spectra Logic Corp
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D14460