geom_disk / scsi_da: deny opening write-protected disks for writing

Ths change consists of two parts.

geom_disk: deny opening a disk for writing if it's marked as
write-protected. A new disk(9) flag is added to mark write protected
disks. A possible alternative could be to add another parameter to d_open,
so that the open mode could be passed to it and the disk drivers could
make the decision internally, but the flag required less churn.

scsi_da: add a new phase of disk probing to query the all pages mode
sense page. We can determine if the disk is write protected using bit 7
of the device specific field in the mode parameter header returned by
MODE SENSE.

PR: 224037
Reviewed by: mav
MFC after: 4 weeks
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D13360