MFC r351654: Improve handling of cookie parameters in INIT-ACK chunks

Improve the handling of state cookie parameters in INIT-ACK chunks.
This fixes problem with parameters indicating a zero length or partial
parameters after an unknown parameter indicating to stop processing. It
also fixes a problem with state cookie parameters after unknown
parametes indicating to stop porcessing.
Thanks to Mark Wodrich from Google for finding two of these issues
by fuzz testing the userland stack and reporting them in
https://github.com/sctplab/usrsctp/issues/355
and
https://github.com/sctplab/usrsctp/issues/352