stand: Change disk_parsedev() API

Change the first argument to disk_parsedev() to be a pointer to a struct
devdesc *. This now gets filled in with a malloc'd structure that's
returned to the caller that the caller is repsonsible for freeing. Most
places in the tree passed in a malloc'd pointer anyway, and this moves
knowledge of disk_devdesc more firmly into the disk.[ch] code.

Sponsored by: Netflix
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D37335

(cherry picked from commit 17276525fa1a28028f7ca423f365d5081cbe9a97)