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Show First 20 Lines • Show All 127 Lines • ▼ Show 20 Lines	<para>閱讀即將安裝的 &os; 版本所附帶的硬體支援清單，並核對系統的硬體是否有支援。
</itemizedlist>		</itemizedlist>
</sect1>		</sect1>

<sect1 xml:id="bsdinstall-hardware">		<sect1 xml:id="bsdinstall-hardware">
<title>最低硬體需求</title>		<title>最低硬體需求</title>

<para> 安裝 &os; 的硬體需求隨 &os; 的版本和硬體架構而不同。		<para> 安裝 &os; 的硬體需求隨 &os; 的版本和硬體架構而不同。
&os;發行版支援的硬體架構和裝置列在硬體支援清單的檔案裡。		&os;發行版支援的硬體架構和裝置列在硬體支援清單的檔案裡。
這個檔案通常名為 <filename>HARDWARE.TXT</filename>，位於發行媒體的根目錄。		這個檔案通常名為 <filename>HARDWARE.TXT</filename>，位於發行媒體的根目錄。
支援硬體清單的副本也可以在&os; 網站 (<link		支援硬體清單的副本也可以在&os; 網站 (<link
xlink:href="&url.base;/releases/index.html">http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/index.html</link>)的發行資訊頁面找到。</para>		xlink:href="&url.base;/releases/index.html">http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/index.html</link>)的發行資訊頁面找到。</para>

<para> &os; 最小安裝需要至少 64 MB 的		<para> &os; 最小安裝需要至少 64 MB 的
<acronym>RAM</acronym> 和 1.5 GB 的可用硬碟空間		<acronym>RAM</acronym> 和 1.5 GB 的可用硬碟空間
但是這真的是 <emphasis>最</emphasis> 最小，幾乎沒有剩下多餘的空間。		但是這真的是 <emphasis>最</emphasis> 最小，幾乎沒有剩下多餘的空間。
較實際的安裝，不用圖形化環境最少需要 4 GB ，如果要用圖形化介面至少要有 8 GB 以上。		較實際的安裝，不用圖形化環境最少需要 4 GB ，如果要用圖形化介面至少要有 8 GB 以上。
第三方應用程式需要更多空間。建議增加 It is recommended to increase		第三方應用程式需要更多空間。建議增加 It is recommended to increase
▲ Show 20 Lines • Show All 72 Lines • ▼ Show 20 Lines	<!-- WB: verify this, including GPT partition notation (ada0p2)
</listitem>		</listitem>
</varlistentry>		</varlistentry>
</variablelist>		</variablelist>
</sect1>		</sect1>

<sect1 xml:id="bsdinstall-pre">		<sect1 xml:id="bsdinstall-pre">
<title>安裝前的工作</title>		<title>安裝前的工作</title>

<para>Once it has been determined that the system meets the		<para>一旦確定系統符合安裝 &os; 的最低硬體需求，就可以下載安裝檔案並準備安裝的媒體。
minimum hardware requirements for installing &os;, the		做這些之前，先檢查以下核對清單的項目是否準備好了：</para>
installation file should be downloaded and the installation
media prepared. Before doing this, check that the system is
ready for an installation by verifying the items in this
checklist:</para>

<procedure>		<procedure>
<step>		<step>
<title>備份重要資料</title>		<title>備份重要資料</title>

<para>Before installing any operating system,		<para>安裝任何作業系統前， <emphasis>總是</emphasis> 要先備份所有重要資料。
<emphasis>always</emphasis> backup all important data first.		不要儲存備份在即將安裝的系統上。改為將資料儲存在可移除磁碟，像是
Do not store the backup on the system being installed.		<acronym>USB</acronym> 隨身碟，網路上的另一個系統或是線上備份服務上。
Instead, save the data to a removable disk such as a		開始安裝前，要測試備份，確定它含有所有需要的檔案。
<acronym>USB</acronym> drive, another system on the network,		一旦安裝程式格式化系統的磁碟，所有儲存在上面的資料都會遺失。</para>
or an online backup service. Test the backup before
starting the installation to make sure it contains all of
the needed files. Once the installer formats the system's
disk, all data stored on that disk will be lost.</para>
</step>		</step>

<step>		<step>
<title>Decide Where to Install &os;</title>		<title>決定 &os; 安裝在哪裡</title>

<para>If &os; will be the only operating system installed,		<para>如果 &os; 是唯一要安裝的作業系統，這個步驟可以略過。
this step can be skipped. But if &os; will share the disk		但是假如 &os; 將和其他作業系統分享磁碟空間的話，要決定 &os; 要安裝在哪個磁碟或是哪個分割區。</para>
with another operating system, decide which disk or
partition will be used for &os;.</para>

<para>In the &arch.i386; and &arch.amd64; architectures, disks		<para>在 &arch.i386; 和 &arch.amd64; 平台，磁碟可以使用兩種分割區配置之一來分割成多個分割區。
can be divided into multiple partitions using one of two		傳統的<firstterm>主開機紀錄
partitioning schemes. A traditional <firstterm>Master Boot		</firstterm> (<acronym>MBR</acronym>) 有一個分割區表定義最多到
Record</firstterm> (<acronym>MBR</acronym>) holds a		<firstterm>主分割區</firstterm>。
partition table defining up to four <firstterm>primary		因為歷史性的理由， &os;稱這些主分割區為 <firstterm>slices</firstterm>。
partitions</firstterm>. For historical reasons, &os;		其中一個主分割區可以分成一個 <firstterm>延伸分割區
calls these primary partition		</firstterm> ，他包含多個 <firstterm>邏輯分割區</firstterm>。
<firstterm>slices</firstterm>. One of these primary		<firstterm>GUID 分割區表</firstterm>
partitions can be made into an <firstterm>extended		(<acronym>GPT</acronym>) 是較新和較簡單的分割磁碟的方法
partition</firstterm> containing multiple		一般<acronym>GPT</acronym> 實作允許每個磁碟最多達128個分割區，減少使用邏輯分割區的需要。</para>
<firstterm>logical partitions</firstterm>. The
<firstterm>GUID Partition Table</firstterm>
(<acronym>GPT</acronym>) is a newer and simpler method of
partitioning a disk. Common <acronym>GPT</acronym>
implementations allow up to 128 partitions per disk,
eliminating the need for logical partitions.</para>

<warning>		<warning>
<para>Some older operating systems, like &windows; XP,		<para>一些比較舊的作業系統，像是 &windows; XP ,
are not compatible with the <acronym>GPT</acronym>		和 <acronym>GPT</acronym> 分割區配置並不相容。
partition scheme. If &os; will be sharing a disk with		如果 &os; 將和這樣的作業系統共享一個磁碟，那就需要用
such an operating system, <acronym>MBR</acronym>		<acronym>MBR</acronym> 分割。
partitioning is required.</para>		</para>
</warning>		</warning>

<para>The &os; boot loader requires either a primary or		<para> &os; 開機啟動程式需要主分割區或是 <acronym>GPT</acronym> 分割區。
<acronym>GPT</acronym> partition. If all of the primary or		如果所有的主分割區或 <acronym>GPT</acronym> 分割區都已使用，
<acronym>GPT</acronym> partitions are already in use, one		必須釋放其中一個分割區讓 &os; 使用。
must be freed for &os;. To create a partition without		如果要建立一個分割區而不刪除原有的資料，
deleting existing data, use a partition resizing tool to		可以使用磁碟分割工具來縮小現有的分割區，
shrink an existing partition and create a new partition		並使用多出的空間來建立新分割區。 </para>
using the freed space.</para>

<para>A variety of free and commercial partition resizing		<para>各種自由的和商業化的磁碟分割工具列於
tools are listed at <link		<link
xlink:href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_disk_partitioning_software">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_disk_partitioning_software</link>.		xlink:href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_disk_partitioning_software">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_disk_partitioning_software</link>。
<application>GParted Live</application> (<link		<application>GParted Live</application> (<link
xlink:href="http://gparted.sourceforge.net/livecd.php">http://gparted.sourceforge.net/livecd.php</link>)		xlink:href="http://gparted.sourceforge.net/livecd.php">http://gparted.sourceforge.net/livecd.php</link>)
is a free live <acronym>CD</acronym> which includes the		是包含分割編輯工具<application>GParted</application>的自由的 live <acronym>CD</acronym>。
<application>GParted</application> partition editor.		<application>GParted</application> 也包含在許多 Linux live <acronym>CD</acronym> 套件裡。</para>
<application>GParted</application> is also included with
many other Linux live <acronym>CD</acronym>
distributions.</para>

<warning>		<warning>
<para>When used properly, disk shrinking utilities can		<para>當正確地使用，磁碟分割工具可以安全地建立空間讓新的分割區使用。
safely create space for creating a new partition. Since		因為有可能會誤選已經存在的分割區，所以在修改磁碟分割區前，
the possibility of selecting the wrong partition exists,		一定要備份重要資料，並確認備份的完整性。 </para>
always backup any important data and verify the integrity
of the backup before modifying disk partitions.</para>
</warning>		</warning>

<para>Disk partitions containing different operating systems		<para>包含不同作業系統的磁碟分割區可以讓一台電腦安裝多重作業系統。
make it possible to install multiple operating systems on		另一種作法是使用虛擬機器 (<xref linkend="virtualization"/>) ，可以讓多重作業系統同時間執行而不需要改變任何磁碟分割區。 </para>
one computer. An alternative is to use virtualization
(<xref linkend="virtualization"/>) which allows multiple
operating systems to run at the same time without modifying
any disk partitions.</para>
</step>		</step>

<step>		<step>
<title>收集網路資訊</title>		<title>收集網路資訊</title>

<para>Some &os; installation methods require a network		<para>有些 &os; 安裝方法為了下載安裝檔案需要網路連線。
connection in order to download the installation files.		在系統安裝之後，安裝程式將會讓您設定系統的網路介面。
After any installation, the installer will offer to setup		</para>
the system's network interfaces.</para>

<para>If the network has a <acronym>DHCP</acronym> server, it		<para>如果網路有 <acronym>DHCP</acronym> 伺服器，可以自動設定網路。
can be used to provide automatic network configuration. If		如果沒有 <acronym>DHCP</acronym> ，
<acronym>DHCP</acronym> is not available, the following		需要從區域網路管理者或是網際網路服務商取得以下系統的網路資訊：
network information for the system must be obtained from the		</para>
local network administrator or Internet service
provider:</para>

<orderedlist xml:id="bsdinstall-collect-network-information">		<orderedlist xml:id="bsdinstall-collect-network-information">
<title>需要的網路資訊</title>		<title>需要的網路資訊</title>

<listitem>		<listitem>
<para><acronym>IP</acronym> address</para>		<para><acronym>IP</acronym> 位址</para>
</listitem>		</listitem>

<listitem>		<listitem>
<para>Subnet mask</para>		<para>子網路遮罩</para>
</listitem>		</listitem>

<listitem>		<listitem>
<para><acronym>IP</acronym> address of default		<para>預設閘道器 <acronym>IP</acronym> 位址</para>
gateway</para>
</listitem>		</listitem>

<listitem>		<listitem>
<para>Domain name of the network</para>		<para>網路的網域名稱</para>
</listitem>		</listitem>

<listitem>		<listitem>
<para><acronym>IP</acronym> addresses of the network's		<para>網路 <acronym>DNS</acronym> 伺服器 <acronym>IP</acronym> 位址 </para>
<acronym>DNS</acronym> servers</para>
</listitem>		</listitem>
</orderedlist>		</orderedlist>
</step>		</step>

<step>		<step>
<title>檢查 &os; 勘誤表</title>		<title>檢查 &os; 勘誤表</title>

<para>Although the &os; Project strives to ensure that		<para>儘管 &os; Project 努力確保每個 &os; 發行版能夠儘可能地穩定，錯誤偶爾還是會悄悄出現。
each release of &os; is as stable as possible, bugs		有極小的機會錯誤會影響安裝過程。
occasionally creep into the process. On very rare occasions		當這些問題被發現並修正後，會被紀錄在 &os; 網站的 &os; 勘誤表 (<link
those bugs affect the installation process. As these		xlink:href="&url.base;/releases/&rel.current;R/errata.html">http://www.freebsd.org/releases/&rel.current;R/errata.html</link>)。
problems are discovered and fixed, they are noted in the		安裝前要檢查勘誤表，確保沒有會影響到安裝的問題。</para>
&os; Errata (<link
xlink:href="&url.base;/releases/&rel.current;R/errata.html">http://www.freebsd.org/releases/&rel.current;R/errata.html</link>)
on the &os; web site. Check the errata before installing to
make sure that there are no problems that might affect the
installation.</para>

<para>Information and errata for all the releases can be found		<para>所有發行版的資訊和勘誤表可以在 &os; 網站的發行資訊找到
on the release information section of the &os; web site
(<link		(<link
xlink:href="&url.base;/releases/index.html">http://www.freebsd.org/releases/index.html</link>).</para>		xlink:href="&url.base;/releases/index.html">http://www.freebsd.org/releases/index.html</link>)。</para>
</step>		</step>
</procedure>		</procedure>

<sect2 xml:id="bsdinstall-installation-media">		<sect2 xml:id="bsdinstall-installation-media">
<title>準備安裝的媒體</title>		<title>準備安裝的媒體</title>

<para>The &os; installer is not an application that can be run		<para>The &os; installer is not an application that can be run
from within another operating system. Instead, download a		from within another operating system. Instead, download a
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&man.sync.8;.</para>		&man.sync.8;.</para>
</step>		</step>
</procedure>		</procedure>

<procedure>		<procedure>
<title>使用&windows; 來寫入映象檔</title>		<title>使用&windows; 來寫入映象檔</title>

<warning>		<warning>
<para>Be sure to give the correct drive letter as the		<para>要確保提供正確的磁碟機代號，因為磁碟上的資料會被覆蓋和摧毀。 </para>
existing data on the specified drive will be overwritten
and destroyed.</para>
</warning>		</warning>

<step>		<step>
<title>取得<application>Image Writer for		<title>取得<application>Image Writer for
&windows;</application></title>		&windows;</application></title>

<para><application>Image Writer for		<para><application>Image Writer for
&windows;</application> 是一個免費的應用程式，可以正確地將映像檔寫入隨身碟。		&windows;</application> 是一個免費的應用程式，可以正確地將映像檔寫入隨身碟。
從 <uri		從 <uri
xlink:href="https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer/">https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer/</uri>		xlink:href="https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer/">https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer/</uri>
下載，並解壓縮到一個資料夾。</para>		下載，並解壓縮到一個資料夾。</para>
</step>		</step>

<step>		<step>
<title>用 Image Writer 寫入映象檔</title>		<title>用 Image Writer 寫入映象檔</title>

<para>雙擊 <application>Win32DiskImager</application> icon 啟動程式。 Verify that the drive letter shown under		<para>雙擊 <application>Win32DiskImager</application> icon 啟動程式。
<computeroutput>Device</computeroutput> is the drive		確認 <computeroutput>Device</computeroutput> 顯示的磁碟機代號是隨身碟的磁碟機代號。
with the memory stick. Click the folder icon and select		按下資料夾 icon 選擇要寫入隨身碟的映像檔。
the image to be written to the memory stick. Click		按下 <guibutton>[ Save ]</guibutton> 按鈕確定映像檔名。
<guibutton>[ Save ]</guibutton> to accept the		確認所有東西都正確，隨身碟的資料夾並沒有在其他視窗開啟。
image file name. Verify that everything is correct, and		所有東西準備好後，按下 <guibutton>[ Write ]</guibutton> 將映像檔寫入隨身碟。</para>
that no folders on the memory stick are open in other
windows. When everything is ready, click
<guibutton>[ Write ]</guibutton> to write the
image file to the memory stick.</para>
</step>		</step>
</procedure>		</procedure>

<para>You are now ready to start installing &os;.</para>		<para>您現在可以開始安裝 &os; 。</para>
</sect3>		</sect3>
</sect2>		</sect2>
</sect1>		</sect1>

<sect1 xml:id="bsdinstall-start">		<sect1 xml:id="bsdinstall-start">
<title>Starting the Installation</title>		<title>開始安裝</title>

<important>		<important>
<para>By default, the installation will not make any changes to		<para>By default, the installation will not make any changes to
the disk(s) before the following message:</para>		the disk(s) before the following message:</para>

<programlisting>Your changes will now be written to disk. If you		<programlisting>Your changes will now be written to disk. If you
have chosen to overwrite existing data, it will		have chosen to overwrite existing data, it will
be PERMANENTLY ERASED. Are you sure you want to		be PERMANENTLY ERASED. Are you sure you want to
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