databases/xtrabackup: fix build on the i386 platform

• Copy fix from the databases/mysql57-server to fix boost compliation
• Remove all clang workaround as not needed anymore
• Remove outdated patches and sync some patches from databases/mysql
• Update version

ChangeLog: https://docs.percona.com/percona-xtrabackup/2.4/release-notes.html

(cherry picked from commit fcc69d210225054e6cc9ea207caab294ce18fe8e)
(cherry picked from commit da87c36f4e198043d4fc8ea8fc19f1ae73fc1661)