graphics/qgis: Update to 3.24.0

Changelog: https://changelog.qgis.org/en/qgis/version/3.24/

This update takes into account suggestions by Martin Birgmeier and
adrig@ in PR 261333 to reduce the number of dependents, especially
for Qt5. Dependencies like webengine and webkit must remain,
otherwise functionalities for QGIS and for important extensions are
missing, see PR.

PR: 261333
Reported by: portscout, Repology