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 .\"	@(#)vmstat.8	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
 .\" $FreeBSD$
 .\"
-.Dd May 26, 2020
+.Dd July 26, 2020
 .Dt VMSTAT 8
 .Os
 .Sh NAME
 .Nm vmstat
 .Nd report virtual memory statistics
 .Sh SYNOPSIS
 .Nm
 .\" .Op Fl fimst
 .Op Fl -libxo
 .Op Fl afHhimoPsz
 .Op Fl M Ar core Op Fl N Ar system
 .Op Fl c Ar count
 .Op Fl n Ar devs
 .Oo
 .Fl p
 .Sm off
 .Ar type , if , pass
 .Sm on
 .Oc
 .Op Fl w Ar wait
 .Op Ar disks ...
 .Op wait Op count
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
 The
 .Nm
 utility reports certain kernel statistics kept about process, virtual memory,
 disk, trap and cpu activity.
 .Pp
 If the
 .Fl M
 option is not specified, information is obtained from
 the currently running kernel via the
 .Xr sysctl 3
 interface.
 Otherwise, information is read from the specified core file,
 using the name list from the specified kernel image (or from
 the default image).
 .Pp
 The options are as follows:
 .Bl -tag -width indent
 .It Fl -libxo
 Generate output via
 .Xr libxo 3
 in a selection of different human and machine readable formats.
 See
 .Xr xo_parse_args 3
 for details on command line arguments.
 .It Fl a
 When used with
 .Fl i ,
 include statistics about interrupts that have never been generated.
 .It Fl c
 Repeat the display
 .Ar count
 times.
 The first display is for the time since a reboot and each subsequent
 report is for the time period since the last display.
 If no repeat
 .Ar count
 is specified, and
 .Fl w
 is specified, the default is infinity, otherwise the default is one.
 .It Fl f
 Report on the number
 .Xr fork 2 ,
 .Xr vfork 2
 and
 .Xr rfork 2
 system calls since system startup, and the number of pages of virtual memory
 involved in each.
 .It Fl h
 Changes memory columns into more easily human readable form.
 The default if
 standard output is a terminal device.
 .It Fl H
 Changes memory columns into straight numbers.
 The default if standard output
 is not a terminal device (such as a script).
 .It Fl i
 Report on the number of interrupts taken by each device since system
 startup.
 .It Fl M
 Extract values associated with the name list from the specified
 .Ar core .
 .It Fl N
 If
 .Fl M
 is also specified,
 extract the name list from the specified
 .Ar system
 instead of the default,
 which is the kernel image the system has booted from.
 .It Fl m
 Report on the usage of kernel dynamic memory allocated using
 .Xr malloc 9
 by type.
 .It Fl n
 Change the maximum number of disks to display from the default of 2.
 .It Fl o
 Display a list of virtual memory objects in the system and the resident
 memory used by each object.
 .It Fl P
 Report per-cpu system/user/idle cpu statistics.
 .It Fl p
 Specify which types of devices to display.
 There are three different
 categories of devices:
 .Pp
 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
 .It device type:
 .Bl -tag -width 9n -compact
 .It da
 Direct Access devices
 .It sa
 Sequential Access devices
 .It printer
 Printers
 .It proc
 Processor devices
 .It worm
 Write Once Read Multiple devices
 .It cd
 CD devices
 .It scanner
 Scanner devices
 .It optical
 Optical Memory devices
 .It changer
 Medium Changer devices
 .It comm
 Communication devices
 .It array
 Storage Array devices
 .It enclosure
 Enclosure Services devices
 .It floppy
 Floppy devices
 .El
 .Pp
 .It interface:
 .Bl -tag -width 9n -compact
 .It IDE
 Integrated Drive Electronics devices
 .It SCSI
 Small Computer System Interface devices
 .It other
 Any other device interface
 .El
 .Pp
 .It passthrough:
 .Bl -tag -width 9n -compact
 .It pass
 Passthrough devices
 .El
 .El
 .Pp
 The user must specify at least one device type, and may specify at most
 one device type from each category.
 Multiple device types in a single
 device type statement must be separated by commas.
 .Pp
 Any number of
 .Fl p
 arguments may be specified on the command line.
 All
 .Fl p
 arguments are ORed together to form a matching expression against which
 all devices in the system are compared.
 Any device that fully matches
 any
 .Fl p
 argument will be included in the
 .Nm
 output, up to two devices, or the maximum number of devices specified
 by the user.
 .It Fl s
 Display the contents of the
 .Em sum
 structure, giving the total number of several kinds of paging related
 events which have occurred since system startup.
-.\" .It Fl t
-.\" Report on the number of page in and page reclaims since system startup,
-.\" and the amount of time required by each.
 .It Fl w
 Pause
 .Ar wait
 seconds between each display.
 If no repeat
 .Ar wait
 interval is specified, the default is 1 second.
 The
 .Nm
 command will accept and honor a non-integer number of seconds.
 .It Fl z
 Report on memory used by the kernel zone allocator,
 .Xr uma 9 ,
 by zone.
 .El
 .Pp
 The
 .Ar wait
 and
 .Ar count
 arguments may be given after their respective flags at any point
 on the command line before the
 .Ar disks
 argument(s), or without their flags, as the final argument(s).
 The latter form is accepted for backwards compatibility, but it is
 preferred to use the forms with
 .Fl w
 and
 .Fl c
 to avoid ambiguity.
 .Pp
 By default,
 .Nm
 displays the following information:
 .Bl -tag -width indent
 .It procs
 Information about the number of threads in various states:
 .Pp
 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
 .It r
 running or in run queue
 .It b
 blocked for resources (i/o, paging, etc.)
 .It w
 swapped out
 .El
 .It memory
 Information about the usage of virtual and real memory.
 .Pp
 Mapped virtual memory is a sum of all of the virtual pages belonging
 to mapped virtual memory objects.
 Note that the entire memory object's size is considered mapped even if
 only a subset of the object's pages are currently mapped.
 This statistic is not related to the active page queue which is used to track
 real memory.
 .Pp
 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
 .It avm
 mapped virtual memory
 .Po previously called active in
 .Nm
 output
 .Pc
 .It fre
 size of the free list
 .El
 .It page
 Information about page faults and paging activity.
 These are given in units per second.
 .Pp
 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
 .It flt
 total number of page faults
 .It re
 page reclaims (simulating reference bits)
 .\" .It at
 .\" pages attached (found in free list)
 .It pi
 pages paged in
 .It po
 pages paged out
 .It fr
 pages freed
 .\" .It de
 .\" anticipated short term memory shortfall
 .It sr
 pages scanned by page daemon
 .El
 .It disks
 Disk operations per second (this field is system dependent).
 Typically paging will be split across the available drives.
 The header of the field is the first two characters of the disk name and
 the unit number.
 If more than two disk drives are configured in the system,
 .Nm
 displays only the first two drives, unless the user specifies the
 .Fl n
 argument to increase the number of drives displayed.
 This will probably
 cause the display to exceed 80 columns, however.
 To force
 .Nm
 to display specific drives, their names may be supplied on the command line.
 The
 .Nm
 utility
 defaults to show disks first, and then various other random devices in the
 system to add up to two devices, if there are that many devices in the
 system.
 If devices are specified on the command line, or if a device type
 matching pattern is specified (see above),
 .Nm
 will only display the given devices or the devices matching the pattern,
 and will not randomly select other devices in the system.
 .It faults
 Trap/interrupt rates per second.
 .Pp
 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
 .It in
 device interrupts (including clock interrupts)
 .It sy
 system calls
 .It cs
 cpu context switches
 .El
 .It cpu
 Breakdown of percentage usage of CPU time.
 .Pp
 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
 .It us
 user time for normal and low priority processes
 .It sy
 system and interrupt time
 .It id
 cpu idle
 .El
 .El
 .Sh FILES
 .Bl -tag -width /boot/kernel/kernel -compact
 .It Pa /boot/kernel/kernel
 default kernel namelist
 .It Pa /dev/kmem
 default memory file
 .El
 .Sh EXAMPLES
 The command:
 .Dl vmstat -w 5
 will print what the system is doing every five
 seconds.
 .Pp
 The command:
 .Dl vmstat -p da -p cd -w 1
 will tell vmstat to select the first two direct access or CDROM devices
 and display statistics on those devices, as well as other systems
 statistics every second.
 .Sh SEE ALSO
 .Xr fstat 1 ,
 .Xr netstat 1 ,
 .Xr nfsstat 1 ,
 .Xr ps 1 ,
 .Xr systat 1 ,
 .Xr libmemstat 3 ,
 .Xr libxo 3 ,
 .Xr xo_parse_args 3 ,
 .Xr gstat 8 ,
 .Xr iostat 8 ,
 .Xr pstat 8 ,
 .Xr sysctl 8 ,
 .Xr malloc 9 ,
 .Xr uma 9
 .Pp
 The sections starting with ``Interpreting system activity'' in
 .%T "Installing and Operating 4.3BSD" .
 .Sh HISTORY
 The
 .Nm
 utility first appeared in
 .Bx 4.3 .
 .Sh BUGS
 The
 .Fl c
 and
 .Fl w
 options are only available with the default output.