Index: head/sbin/init/init.c =================================================================== --- head/sbin/init/init.c (revision 356820) +++ head/sbin/init/init.c (revision 356821) @@ -1,2059 +1,2061 @@ /*- * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause * * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. * * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by * Donn Seeley at Berkeley Software Design, Inc. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software * without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF * SUCH DAMAGE. */ #ifndef lint static const char copyright[] = "@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993\n\ The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; #endif /* not lint */ #ifndef lint #if 0 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)init.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 7/15/93"; #endif static const char rcsid[] = "$FreeBSD$"; #endif /* not lint */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #ifdef SECURE #include #endif #ifdef LOGIN_CAP #include #endif #include "mntopts.h" #include "pathnames.h" /* * Sleep times; used to prevent thrashing. */ #define GETTY_SPACING 5 /* N secs minimum getty spacing */ #define GETTY_SLEEP 30 /* sleep N secs after spacing problem */ #define GETTY_NSPACE 3 /* max. spacing count to bring reaction */ #define WINDOW_WAIT 3 /* wait N secs after starting window */ #define STALL_TIMEOUT 30 /* wait N secs after warning */ #define DEATH_WATCH 10 /* wait N secs for procs to die */ #define DEATH_SCRIPT 120 /* wait for 2min for /etc/rc.shutdown */ #define RESOURCE_RC "daemon" #define RESOURCE_WINDOW "default" #define RESOURCE_GETTY "default" static void handle(sig_t, ...); static void delset(sigset_t *, ...); static void stall(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2); static void warning(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2); static void emergency(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2); static void disaster(int); static void badsys(int); static void revoke_ttys(void); static int runshutdown(void); static char *strk(char *); /* * We really need a recursive typedef... * The following at least guarantees that the return type of (*state_t)() * is sufficiently wide to hold a function pointer. */ typedef long (*state_func_t)(void); typedef state_func_t (*state_t)(void); static state_func_t single_user(void); static state_func_t runcom(void); static state_func_t read_ttys(void); static state_func_t multi_user(void); static state_func_t clean_ttys(void); static state_func_t catatonia(void); static state_func_t death(void); static state_func_t death_single(void); static state_func_t reroot(void); static state_func_t reroot_phase_two(void); static state_func_t run_script(const char *); static enum { AUTOBOOT, FASTBOOT } runcom_mode = AUTOBOOT; #define FALSE 0 #define TRUE 1 static int Reboot = FALSE; static int howto = RB_AUTOBOOT; static int devfs; static char *init_path_argv0; static void transition(state_t); static state_t requested_transition; static state_t current_state = death_single; static void execute_script(char *argv[]); static void open_console(void); static const char *get_shell(void); static void replace_init(char *path); static void write_stderr(const char *message); typedef struct init_session { pid_t se_process; /* controlling process */ time_t se_started; /* used to avoid thrashing */ int se_flags; /* status of session */ #define SE_SHUTDOWN 0x1 /* session won't be restarted */ #define SE_PRESENT 0x2 /* session is in /etc/ttys */ #define SE_IFEXISTS 0x4 /* session defined as "onifexists" */ #define SE_IFCONSOLE 0x8 /* session defined as "onifconsole" */ int se_nspace; /* spacing count */ char *se_device; /* filename of port */ char *se_getty; /* what to run on that port */ char *se_getty_argv_space; /* pre-parsed argument array space */ char **se_getty_argv; /* pre-parsed argument array */ char *se_window; /* window system (started only once) */ char *se_window_argv_space; /* pre-parsed argument array space */ char **se_window_argv; /* pre-parsed argument array */ char *se_type; /* default terminal type */ struct init_session *se_prev; struct init_session *se_next; } session_t; static void free_session(session_t *); static session_t *new_session(session_t *, struct ttyent *); static session_t *sessions; static char **construct_argv(char *); static void start_window_system(session_t *); static void collect_child(pid_t); static pid_t start_getty(session_t *); static void transition_handler(int); static void alrm_handler(int); static void setsecuritylevel(int); static int getsecuritylevel(void); static int setupargv(session_t *, struct ttyent *); #ifdef LOGIN_CAP static void setprocresources(const char *); #endif static int clang; static int start_session_db(void); static void add_session(session_t *); static void del_session(session_t *); static session_t *find_session(pid_t); static DB *session_db; /* * The mother of all processes. */ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { state_t initial_transition = runcom; char kenv_value[PATH_MAX]; int c, error; struct sigaction sa; sigset_t mask; /* Dispose of random users. */ if (getuid() != 0) errx(1, "%s", strerror(EPERM)); /* System V users like to reexec init. */ if (getpid() != 1) { #ifdef COMPAT_SYSV_INIT /* So give them what they want */ if (argc > 1) { if (strlen(argv[1]) == 1) { char runlevel = *argv[1]; int sig; switch (runlevel) { case '0': /* halt + poweroff */ sig = SIGUSR2; break; case '1': /* single-user */ sig = SIGTERM; break; case '6': /* reboot */ sig = SIGINT; break; case 'c': /* block further logins */ sig = SIGTSTP; break; case 'q': /* rescan /etc/ttys */ sig = SIGHUP; break; case 'r': /* remount root */ sig = SIGEMT; break; default: goto invalid; } kill(1, sig); _exit(0); } else invalid: errx(1, "invalid run-level ``%s''", argv[1]); } else #endif errx(1, "already running"); } init_path_argv0 = strdup(argv[0]); if (init_path_argv0 == NULL) err(1, "strdup"); /* * Note that this does NOT open a file... * Does 'init' deserve its own facility number? */ openlog("init", LOG_CONS, LOG_AUTH); /* * Create an initial session. */ if (setsid() < 0 && (errno != EPERM || getsid(0) != 1)) warning("initial setsid() failed: %m"); /* * Establish an initial user so that programs running * single user do not freak out and die (like passwd). */ if (setlogin("root") < 0) warning("setlogin() failed: %m"); /* * This code assumes that we always get arguments through flags, * never through bits set in some random machine register. */ while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "dsfr")) != -1) switch (c) { case 'd': devfs = 1; break; case 's': initial_transition = single_user; break; case 'f': runcom_mode = FASTBOOT; break; case 'r': initial_transition = reroot_phase_two; break; default: warning("unrecognized flag '-%c'", c); break; } if (optind != argc) warning("ignoring excess arguments"); /* * We catch or block signals rather than ignore them, * so that they get reset on exec. */ handle(badsys, SIGSYS, 0); handle(disaster, SIGABRT, SIGFPE, SIGILL, SIGSEGV, SIGBUS, SIGXCPU, SIGXFSZ, 0); handle(transition_handler, SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGEMT, SIGTERM, SIGTSTP, SIGUSR1, SIGUSR2, SIGWINCH, 0); handle(alrm_handler, SIGALRM, 0); sigfillset(&mask); delset(&mask, SIGABRT, SIGFPE, SIGILL, SIGSEGV, SIGBUS, SIGSYS, SIGXCPU, SIGXFSZ, SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGEMT, SIGTERM, SIGTSTP, SIGALRM, SIGUSR1, SIGUSR2, SIGWINCH, 0); sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL); sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask); sa.sa_flags = 0; sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN; sigaction(SIGTTIN, &sa, NULL); sigaction(SIGTTOU, &sa, NULL); /* * Paranoia. */ close(0); close(1); close(2); if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_exec", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0) { replace_init(kenv_value); _exit(0); /* reboot */ } if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_script", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0) { state_func_t next_transition; if ((next_transition = run_script(kenv_value)) != NULL) initial_transition = (state_t) next_transition; } if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_chroot", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0) { if (chdir(kenv_value) != 0 || chroot(".") != 0) warning("Can't chroot to %s: %m", kenv_value); } /* * Additional check if devfs needs to be mounted: * If "/" and "/dev" have the same device number, * then it hasn't been mounted yet. */ if (!devfs) { struct stat stst; dev_t root_devno; stat("/", &stst); root_devno = stst.st_dev; if (stat("/dev", &stst) != 0) warning("Can't stat /dev: %m"); else if (stst.st_dev == root_devno) devfs++; } if (devfs) { struct iovec iov[4]; char *s; int i; char _fstype[] = "fstype"; char _devfs[] = "devfs"; char _fspath[] = "fspath"; char _path_dev[]= _PATH_DEV; iov[0].iov_base = _fstype; iov[0].iov_len = sizeof(_fstype); iov[1].iov_base = _devfs; iov[1].iov_len = sizeof(_devfs); iov[2].iov_base = _fspath; iov[2].iov_len = sizeof(_fspath); /* * Try to avoid the trailing slash in _PATH_DEV. * Be *very* defensive. */ s = strdup(_PATH_DEV); if (s != NULL) { i = strlen(s); if (i > 0 && s[i - 1] == '/') s[i - 1] = '\0'; iov[3].iov_base = s; iov[3].iov_len = strlen(s) + 1; } else { iov[3].iov_base = _path_dev; iov[3].iov_len = sizeof(_path_dev); } nmount(iov, 4, 0); if (s != NULL) free(s); } if (initial_transition != reroot_phase_two) { /* * Unmount reroot leftovers. This runs after init(8) * gets reexecuted after reroot_phase_two() is done. */ error = unmount(_PATH_REROOT, MNT_FORCE); if (error != 0 && errno != EINVAL) warning("Cannot unmount %s: %m", _PATH_REROOT); } /* * Start the state machine. */ transition(initial_transition); /* * Should never reach here. */ return 1; } /* * Associate a function with a signal handler. */ static void handle(sig_t handler, ...) { int sig; struct sigaction sa; sigset_t mask_everything; va_list ap; va_start(ap, handler); sa.sa_handler = handler; sigfillset(&mask_everything); while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) != 0) { sa.sa_mask = mask_everything; /* XXX SA_RESTART? */ sa.sa_flags = sig == SIGCHLD ? SA_NOCLDSTOP : 0; sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL); } va_end(ap); } /* * Delete a set of signals from a mask. */ static void delset(sigset_t *maskp, ...) { int sig; va_list ap; va_start(ap, maskp); while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) != 0) sigdelset(maskp, sig); va_end(ap); } /* * Log a message and sleep for a while (to give someone an opportunity * to read it and to save log or hardcopy output if the problem is chronic). * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking. */ static void stall(const char *message, ...) { va_list ap; va_start(ap, message); vsyslog(LOG_ALERT, message, ap); va_end(ap); sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT); } /* * Like stall(), but doesn't sleep. * If cpp had variadic macros, the two functions could be #defines for another. * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking. */ static void warning(const char *message, ...) { va_list ap; va_start(ap, message); vsyslog(LOG_ALERT, message, ap); va_end(ap); } /* * Log an emergency message. * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking. */ static void emergency(const char *message, ...) { va_list ap; va_start(ap, message); vsyslog(LOG_EMERG, message, ap); va_end(ap); } /* * Catch a SIGSYS signal. * * These may arise if a system does not support sysctl. * We tolerate up to 25 of these, then throw in the towel. */ static void badsys(int sig) { static int badcount = 0; if (badcount++ < 25) return; disaster(sig); } /* * Catch an unexpected signal. */ static void disaster(int sig) { emergency("fatal signal: %s", (unsigned)sig < NSIG ? sys_siglist[sig] : "unknown signal"); sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT); _exit(sig); /* reboot */ } /* * Get the security level of the kernel. */ static int getsecuritylevel(void) { #ifdef KERN_SECURELVL int name[2], curlevel; size_t len; name[0] = CTL_KERN; name[1] = KERN_SECURELVL; len = sizeof curlevel; if (sysctl(name, 2, &curlevel, &len, NULL, 0) == -1) { emergency("cannot get kernel security level: %s", strerror(errno)); return (-1); } return (curlevel); #else return (-1); #endif } /* * Set the security level of the kernel. */ static void setsecuritylevel(int newlevel) { #ifdef KERN_SECURELVL int name[2], curlevel; curlevel = getsecuritylevel(); if (newlevel == curlevel) return; name[0] = CTL_KERN; name[1] = KERN_SECURELVL; if (sysctl(name, 2, NULL, NULL, &newlevel, sizeof newlevel) == -1) { emergency( "cannot change kernel security level from %d to %d: %s", curlevel, newlevel, strerror(errno)); return; } #ifdef SECURE warning("kernel security level changed from %d to %d", curlevel, newlevel); #endif #endif } /* * Change states in the finite state machine. * The initial state is passed as an argument. */ static void transition(state_t s) { current_state = s; for (;;) current_state = (state_t) (*current_state)(); } /* * Start a session and allocate a controlling terminal. * Only called by children of init after forking. */ static void open_console(void) { int fd; /* * Try to open /dev/console. Open the device with O_NONBLOCK to * prevent potential blocking on a carrier. */ revoke(_PATH_CONSOLE); if ((fd = open(_PATH_CONSOLE, O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK)) != -1) { (void)fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, fcntl(fd, F_GETFL) & ~O_NONBLOCK); if (login_tty(fd) == 0) return; close(fd); } /* No luck. Log output to file if possible. */ if ((fd = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDWR)) == -1) { stall("cannot open null device."); _exit(1); } if (fd != STDIN_FILENO) { dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO); close(fd); } fd = open(_PATH_INITLOG, O_WRONLY | O_APPEND | O_CREAT, 0644); if (fd == -1) dup2(STDIN_FILENO, STDOUT_FILENO); else if (fd != STDOUT_FILENO) { dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO); close(fd); } dup2(STDOUT_FILENO, STDERR_FILENO); } static const char * get_shell(void) { static char kenv_value[PATH_MAX]; if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_shell", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0) return kenv_value; else return _PATH_BSHELL; } static void write_stderr(const char *message) { write(STDERR_FILENO, message, strlen(message)); } static int read_file(const char *path, void **bufp, size_t *bufsizep) { struct stat sb; size_t bufsize; void *buf; ssize_t nbytes; int error, fd; fd = open(path, O_RDONLY); if (fd < 0) { emergency("%s: %s", path, strerror(errno)); return (-1); } error = fstat(fd, &sb); if (error != 0) { emergency("fstat: %s", strerror(errno)); close(fd); return (error); } bufsize = sb.st_size; buf = malloc(bufsize); if (buf == NULL) { emergency("malloc: %s", strerror(errno)); close(fd); return (error); } nbytes = read(fd, buf, bufsize); if (nbytes != (ssize_t)bufsize) { emergency("read: %s", strerror(errno)); close(fd); free(buf); return (error); } error = close(fd); if (error != 0) { emergency("close: %s", strerror(errno)); free(buf); return (error); } *bufp = buf; *bufsizep = bufsize; return (0); } static int create_file(const char *path, const void *buf, size_t bufsize) { ssize_t nbytes; int error, fd; fd = open(path, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0700); if (fd < 0) { emergency("%s: %s", path, strerror(errno)); return (-1); } nbytes = write(fd, buf, bufsize); if (nbytes != (ssize_t)bufsize) { emergency("write: %s", strerror(errno)); close(fd); return (-1); } error = close(fd); if (error != 0) { emergency("close: %s", strerror(errno)); return (-1); } return (0); } static int mount_tmpfs(const char *fspath) { struct iovec *iov; char errmsg[255]; int error, iovlen; iov = NULL; iovlen = 0; memset(errmsg, 0, sizeof(errmsg)); build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "fstype", __DECONST(void *, "tmpfs"), (size_t)-1); build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "fspath", __DECONST(void *, fspath), (size_t)-1); build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "errmsg", errmsg, sizeof(errmsg)); error = nmount(iov, iovlen, 0); if (error != 0) { if (*errmsg != '\0') { emergency("cannot mount tmpfs on %s: %s: %s", fspath, errmsg, strerror(errno)); } else { emergency("cannot mount tmpfs on %s: %s", fspath, strerror(errno)); } return (error); } return (0); } static state_func_t reroot(void) { void *buf; size_t bufsize; int error; buf = NULL; bufsize = 0; revoke_ttys(); runshutdown(); /* * Make sure nobody can interfere with our scheme. * Ignore ESRCH, which can apparently happen when * there are no processes to kill. */ error = kill(-1, SIGKILL); if (error != 0 && errno != ESRCH) { emergency("kill(2) failed: %s", strerror(errno)); goto out; } /* * Copy the init binary into tmpfs, so that we can unmount * the old rootfs without committing suicide. */ error = read_file(init_path_argv0, &buf, &bufsize); if (error != 0) goto out; error = mount_tmpfs(_PATH_REROOT); if (error != 0) goto out; error = create_file(_PATH_REROOT_INIT, buf, bufsize); if (error != 0) goto out; /* * Execute the temporary init. */ execl(_PATH_REROOT_INIT, _PATH_REROOT_INIT, "-r", NULL); emergency("cannot exec %s: %s", _PATH_REROOT_INIT, strerror(errno)); out: emergency("reroot failed; going to single user mode"); free(buf); return (state_func_t) single_user; } static state_func_t reroot_phase_two(void) { char init_path[PATH_MAX], *path, *path_component; size_t init_path_len; int nbytes, error; /* * Ask the kernel to mount the new rootfs. */ error = reboot(RB_REROOT); if (error != 0) { emergency("RB_REBOOT failed: %s", strerror(errno)); goto out; } /* * Figure out where the destination init(8) binary is. Note that * the path could be different than what we've started with. Use * the value from kenv, if set, or the one from sysctl otherwise. * The latter defaults to a hardcoded value, but can be overridden * by a build time option. */ nbytes = kenv(KENV_GET, "init_path", init_path, sizeof(init_path)); if (nbytes <= 0) { init_path_len = sizeof(init_path); error = sysctlbyname("kern.init_path", init_path, &init_path_len, NULL, 0); if (error != 0) { emergency("failed to retrieve kern.init_path: %s", strerror(errno)); goto out; } } /* * Repeat the init search logic from sys/kern/init_path.c */ path_component = init_path; while ((path = strsep(&path_component, ":")) != NULL) { /* * Execute init(8) from the new rootfs. */ execl(path, path, NULL); } emergency("cannot exec init from %s: %s", init_path, strerror(errno)); out: emergency("reroot failed; going to single user mode"); return (state_func_t) single_user; } /* * Bring the system up single user. */ static state_func_t single_user(void) { pid_t pid, wpid; int status; sigset_t mask; const char *shell; char *argv[2]; struct timeval tv, tn; #ifdef SECURE struct ttyent *typ; struct passwd *pp; static const char banner[] = "Enter root password, or ^D to go multi-user\n"; char *clear, *password; #endif #ifdef DEBUGSHELL char altshell[128]; #endif if (Reboot) { /* Instead of going single user, let's reboot the machine */ sync(); if (reboot(howto) == -1) { emergency("reboot(%#x) failed, %s", howto, strerror(errno)); _exit(1); /* panic and reboot */ } warning("reboot(%#x) returned", howto); _exit(0); /* panic as well */ } shell = get_shell(); if ((pid = fork()) == 0) { /* * Start the single user session. */ open_console(); #ifdef SECURE /* * Check the root password. * We don't care if the console is 'on' by default; * it's the only tty that can be 'off' and 'secure'. */ typ = getttynam("console"); pp = getpwnam("root"); if (typ && (typ->ty_status & TTY_SECURE) == 0 && pp && *pp->pw_passwd) { write_stderr(banner); for (;;) { clear = getpass("Password:"); if (clear == NULL || *clear == '\0') _exit(0); password = crypt(clear, pp->pw_passwd); bzero(clear, _PASSWORD_LEN); if (password != NULL && strcmp(password, pp->pw_passwd) == 0) break; warning("single-user login failed\n"); } } endttyent(); endpwent(); #endif /* SECURE */ #ifdef DEBUGSHELL { char *cp = altshell; int num; #define SHREQUEST "Enter full pathname of shell or RETURN for " write_stderr(SHREQUEST); write_stderr(shell); write_stderr(": "); while ((num = read(STDIN_FILENO, cp, 1)) != -1 && num != 0 && *cp != '\n' && cp < &altshell[127]) cp++; *cp = '\0'; if (altshell[0] != '\0') shell = altshell; } #endif /* DEBUGSHELL */ /* * Unblock signals. * We catch all the interesting ones, * and those are reset to SIG_DFL on exec. */ sigemptyset(&mask); sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL); /* * Fire off a shell. * If the default one doesn't work, try the Bourne shell. */ char name[] = "-sh"; argv[0] = name; argv[1] = NULL; execv(shell, argv); emergency("can't exec %s for single user: %m", shell); execv(_PATH_BSHELL, argv); emergency("can't exec %s for single user: %m", _PATH_BSHELL); sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT); _exit(1); } if (pid == -1) { /* * We are seriously hosed. Do our best. */ emergency("can't fork single-user shell, trying again"); while (waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, WNOHANG) > 0) continue; return (state_func_t) single_user; } requested_transition = 0; do { if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1) collect_child(wpid); if (wpid == -1) { if (errno == EINTR) continue; warning("wait for single-user shell failed: %m; restarting"); return (state_func_t) single_user; } if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) { warning("init: shell stopped, restarting\n"); kill(pid, SIGCONT); wpid = -1; } } while (wpid != pid && !requested_transition); if (requested_transition) return (state_func_t) requested_transition; if (!WIFEXITED(status)) { if (WTERMSIG(status) == SIGKILL) { /* * reboot(8) killed shell? */ warning("single user shell terminated."); gettimeofday(&tv, NULL); tn = tv; tv.tv_sec += STALL_TIMEOUT; while (tv.tv_sec > tn.tv_sec || (tv.tv_sec == tn.tv_sec && tv.tv_usec > tn.tv_usec)) { sleep(1); gettimeofday(&tn, NULL); } _exit(0); } else { warning("single user shell terminated, restarting"); return (state_func_t) single_user; } } runcom_mode = FASTBOOT; return (state_func_t) runcom; } /* * Run the system startup script. */ static state_func_t runcom(void) { state_func_t next_transition; if ((next_transition = run_script(_PATH_RUNCOM)) != NULL) return next_transition; runcom_mode = AUTOBOOT; /* the default */ return (state_func_t) read_ttys; } static void execute_script(char *argv[]) { struct sigaction sa; const char *shell, *script; int error; bzero(&sa, sizeof(sa)); sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask); sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN; sigaction(SIGTSTP, &sa, NULL); sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, NULL); open_console(); sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &sa.sa_mask, NULL); #ifdef LOGIN_CAP setprocresources(RESOURCE_RC); #endif /* * Try to directly execute the script first. If it * fails, try the old method of passing the script path * to sh(1). Don't complain if it fails because of * the missing execute bit. */ script = argv[1]; error = access(script, X_OK); if (error == 0) { execv(script, argv + 1); warning("can't directly exec %s: %m", script); } else if (errno != EACCES) { warning("can't access %s: %m", script); } shell = get_shell(); execv(shell, argv); stall("can't exec %s for %s: %m", shell, script); } /* * Execute binary, replacing init(8) as PID 1. */ static void replace_init(char *path) { char *argv[3]; char sh[] = "sh"; argv[0] = sh; argv[1] = path; argv[2] = NULL; execute_script(argv); } /* * Run a shell script. * Returns 0 on success, otherwise the next transition to enter: * - single_user if fork/execv/waitpid failed, or if the script * terminated with a signal or exit code != 0. * - death_single if a SIGTERM was delivered to init(8). */ static state_func_t run_script(const char *script) { pid_t pid, wpid; int status; char *argv[4]; const char *shell; shell = get_shell(); if ((pid = fork()) == 0) { char _sh[] = "sh"; char _autoboot[] = "autoboot"; argv[0] = _sh; argv[1] = __DECONST(char *, script); argv[2] = runcom_mode == AUTOBOOT ? _autoboot : 0; argv[3] = NULL; execute_script(argv); sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT); _exit(1); /* force single user mode */ } if (pid == -1) { emergency("can't fork for %s on %s: %m", shell, script); while (waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, WNOHANG) > 0) continue; sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT); return (state_func_t) single_user; } /* * Copied from single_user(). This is a bit paranoid. */ requested_transition = 0; do { if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1) collect_child(wpid); if (wpid == -1) { if (requested_transition == death_single || requested_transition == reroot) return (state_func_t) requested_transition; if (errno == EINTR) continue; warning("wait for %s on %s failed: %m; going to " "single user mode", shell, script); return (state_func_t) single_user; } if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) { warning("init: %s on %s stopped, restarting\n", shell, script); kill(pid, SIGCONT); wpid = -1; } } while (wpid != pid); if (WIFSIGNALED(status) && WTERMSIG(status) == SIGTERM && requested_transition == catatonia) { /* /etc/rc executed /sbin/reboot; wait for the end quietly */ sigset_t s; sigfillset(&s); for (;;) sigsuspend(&s); } if (!WIFEXITED(status)) { warning("%s on %s terminated abnormally, going to single " "user mode", shell, script); return (state_func_t) single_user; } if (WEXITSTATUS(status)) return (state_func_t) single_user; return (state_func_t) 0; } /* * Open the session database. * * NB: We could pass in the size here; is it necessary? */ static int start_session_db(void) { if (session_db && (*session_db->close)(session_db)) emergency("session database close: %s", strerror(errno)); if ((session_db = dbopen(NULL, O_RDWR, 0, DB_HASH, NULL)) == NULL) { emergency("session database open: %s", strerror(errno)); return (1); } return (0); } /* * Add a new login session. */ static void add_session(session_t *sp) { DBT key; DBT data; key.data = &sp->se_process; key.size = sizeof sp->se_process; data.data = &sp; data.size = sizeof sp; if ((*session_db->put)(session_db, &key, &data, 0)) emergency("insert %d: %s", sp->se_process, strerror(errno)); } /* * Delete an old login session. */ static void del_session(session_t *sp) { DBT key; key.data = &sp->se_process; key.size = sizeof sp->se_process; if ((*session_db->del)(session_db, &key, 0)) emergency("delete %d: %s", sp->se_process, strerror(errno)); } /* * Look up a login session by pid. */ static session_t * find_session(pid_t pid) { DBT key; DBT data; session_t *ret; key.data = &pid; key.size = sizeof pid; if ((*session_db->get)(session_db, &key, &data, 0) != 0) return 0; bcopy(data.data, (char *)&ret, sizeof(ret)); return ret; } /* * Construct an argument vector from a command line. */ static char ** construct_argv(char *command) { int argc = 0; char **argv = (char **) malloc(((strlen(command) + 1) / 2 + 1) * sizeof (char *)); if ((argv[argc++] = strk(command)) == NULL) { free(argv); return (NULL); } while ((argv[argc++] = strk((char *) 0)) != NULL) continue; return argv; } /* * Deallocate a session descriptor. */ static void free_session(session_t *sp) { free(sp->se_device); if (sp->se_getty) { free(sp->se_getty); free(sp->se_getty_argv_space); free(sp->se_getty_argv); } if (sp->se_window) { free(sp->se_window); free(sp->se_window_argv_space); free(sp->se_window_argv); } if (sp->se_type) free(sp->se_type); free(sp); } /* * Allocate a new session descriptor. * Mark it SE_PRESENT. */ static session_t * new_session(session_t *sprev, struct ttyent *typ) { session_t *sp; if ((typ->ty_status & TTY_ON) == 0 || typ->ty_name == 0 || typ->ty_getty == 0) return 0; sp = (session_t *) calloc(1, sizeof (session_t)); sp->se_flags |= SE_PRESENT; if ((typ->ty_status & TTY_IFEXISTS) != 0) sp->se_flags |= SE_IFEXISTS; if ((typ->ty_status & TTY_IFCONSOLE) != 0) sp->se_flags |= SE_IFCONSOLE; if (asprintf(&sp->se_device, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, typ->ty_name) < 0) err(1, "asprintf"); if (setupargv(sp, typ) == 0) { free_session(sp); return (0); } sp->se_next = 0; if (sprev == NULL) { sessions = sp; sp->se_prev = 0; } else { sprev->se_next = sp; sp->se_prev = sprev; } return sp; } /* * Calculate getty and if useful window argv vectors. */ static int setupargv(session_t *sp, struct ttyent *typ) { if (sp->se_getty) { free(sp->se_getty); free(sp->se_getty_argv_space); free(sp->se_getty_argv); } if (asprintf(&sp->se_getty, "%s %s", typ->ty_getty, typ->ty_name) < 0) err(1, "asprintf"); sp->se_getty_argv_space = strdup(sp->se_getty); sp->se_getty_argv = construct_argv(sp->se_getty_argv_space); if (sp->se_getty_argv == NULL) { warning("can't parse getty for port %s", sp->se_device); free(sp->se_getty); free(sp->se_getty_argv_space); sp->se_getty = sp->se_getty_argv_space = 0; return (0); } if (sp->se_window) { free(sp->se_window); free(sp->se_window_argv_space); free(sp->se_window_argv); } sp->se_window = sp->se_window_argv_space = 0; sp->se_window_argv = 0; if (typ->ty_window) { sp->se_window = strdup(typ->ty_window); sp->se_window_argv_space = strdup(sp->se_window); sp->se_window_argv = construct_argv(sp->se_window_argv_space); if (sp->se_window_argv == NULL) { warning("can't parse window for port %s", sp->se_device); free(sp->se_window_argv_space); free(sp->se_window); sp->se_window = sp->se_window_argv_space = 0; return (0); } } if (sp->se_type) free(sp->se_type); sp->se_type = typ->ty_type ? strdup(typ->ty_type) : 0; return (1); } /* * Walk the list of ttys and create sessions for each active line. */ static state_func_t read_ttys(void) { session_t *sp, *snext; struct ttyent *typ; /* * Destroy any previous session state. * There shouldn't be any, but just in case... */ for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = snext) { snext = sp->se_next; free_session(sp); } sessions = 0; if (start_session_db()) return (state_func_t) single_user; /* * Allocate a session entry for each active port. * Note that sp starts at 0. */ while ((typ = getttyent()) != NULL) if ((snext = new_session(sp, typ)) != NULL) sp = snext; endttyent(); return (state_func_t) multi_user; } /* * Start a window system running. */ static void start_window_system(session_t *sp) { pid_t pid; sigset_t mask; char term[64], *env[2]; int status; if ((pid = fork()) == -1) { emergency("can't fork for window system on port %s: %m", sp->se_device); /* hope that getty fails and we can try again */ return; } if (pid) { waitpid(-1, &status, 0); return; } /* reparent window process to the init to not make a zombie on exit */ if ((pid = fork()) == -1) { emergency("can't fork for window system on port %s: %m", sp->se_device); _exit(1); } if (pid) _exit(0); sigemptyset(&mask); sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL); if (setsid() < 0) emergency("setsid failed (window) %m"); #ifdef LOGIN_CAP setprocresources(RESOURCE_WINDOW); #endif if (sp->se_type) { /* Don't use malloc after fork */ strcpy(term, "TERM="); strlcat(term, sp->se_type, sizeof(term)); env[0] = term; env[1] = NULL; } else env[0] = NULL; execve(sp->se_window_argv[0], sp->se_window_argv, env); stall("can't exec window system '%s' for port %s: %m", sp->se_window_argv[0], sp->se_device); _exit(1); } /* * Start a login session running. */ static pid_t start_getty(session_t *sp) { pid_t pid; sigset_t mask; time_t current_time = time((time_t *) 0); int too_quick = 0; char term[64], *env[2]; if (current_time >= sp->se_started && current_time - sp->se_started < GETTY_SPACING) { if (++sp->se_nspace > GETTY_NSPACE) { sp->se_nspace = 0; too_quick = 1; } } else sp->se_nspace = 0; /* * fork(), not vfork() -- we can't afford to block. */ if ((pid = fork()) == -1) { emergency("can't fork for getty on port %s: %m", sp->se_device); return -1; } if (pid) return pid; if (too_quick) { warning("getty repeating too quickly on port %s, sleeping %d secs", sp->se_device, GETTY_SLEEP); sleep((unsigned) GETTY_SLEEP); } if (sp->se_window) { start_window_system(sp); sleep(WINDOW_WAIT); } sigemptyset(&mask); sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL); #ifdef LOGIN_CAP setprocresources(RESOURCE_GETTY); #endif if (sp->se_type) { /* Don't use malloc after fork */ strcpy(term, "TERM="); strlcat(term, sp->se_type, sizeof(term)); env[0] = term; env[1] = NULL; } else env[0] = NULL; execve(sp->se_getty_argv[0], sp->se_getty_argv, env); stall("can't exec getty '%s' for port %s: %m", sp->se_getty_argv[0], sp->se_device); _exit(1); } /* * Return 1 if the session is defined as "onifexists" * or "onifconsole" and the device node does not exist. */ static int session_has_no_tty(session_t *sp) { int fd; if ((sp->se_flags & SE_IFEXISTS) == 0 && (sp->se_flags & SE_IFCONSOLE) == 0) return (0); fd = open(sp->se_device, O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK, 0); if (fd < 0) { if (errno == ENOENT) return (1); return (0); } close(fd); return (0); } /* * Collect exit status for a child. * If an exiting login, start a new login running. */ static void collect_child(pid_t pid) { session_t *sp, *sprev, *snext; if (! sessions) return; if (! (sp = find_session(pid))) return; del_session(sp); sp->se_process = 0; if (sp->se_flags & SE_SHUTDOWN || session_has_no_tty(sp)) { if ((sprev = sp->se_prev) != NULL) sprev->se_next = sp->se_next; else sessions = sp->se_next; if ((snext = sp->se_next) != NULL) snext->se_prev = sp->se_prev; free_session(sp); return; } if ((pid = start_getty(sp)) == -1) { /* serious trouble */ requested_transition = clean_ttys; return; } sp->se_process = pid; sp->se_started = time((time_t *) 0); add_session(sp); } /* * Catch a signal and request a state transition. */ static void transition_handler(int sig) { switch (sig) { case SIGHUP: if (current_state == read_ttys || current_state == multi_user || current_state == clean_ttys || current_state == catatonia) requested_transition = clean_ttys; break; - case SIGWINCH: case SIGUSR2: - howto = sig == SIGUSR2 ? RB_POWEROFF : RB_POWERCYCLE; + howto = RB_POWEROFF; case SIGUSR1: howto |= RB_HALT; + case SIGWINCH: case SIGINT: + if (sig == SIGWINCH) + howto |= RB_POWERCYCLE; Reboot = TRUE; case SIGTERM: if (current_state == read_ttys || current_state == multi_user || current_state == clean_ttys || current_state == catatonia) requested_transition = death; else requested_transition = death_single; break; case SIGTSTP: if (current_state == runcom || current_state == read_ttys || current_state == clean_ttys || current_state == multi_user || current_state == catatonia) requested_transition = catatonia; break; case SIGEMT: requested_transition = reroot; break; default: requested_transition = 0; break; } } /* * Take the system multiuser. */ static state_func_t multi_user(void) { pid_t pid; session_t *sp; requested_transition = 0; /* * If the administrator has not set the security level to -1 * to indicate that the kernel should not run multiuser in secure * mode, and the run script has not set a higher level of security * than level 1, then put the kernel into secure mode. */ if (getsecuritylevel() == 0) setsecuritylevel(1); for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next) { if (sp->se_process) continue; if (session_has_no_tty(sp)) continue; if ((pid = start_getty(sp)) == -1) { /* serious trouble */ requested_transition = clean_ttys; break; } sp->se_process = pid; sp->se_started = time((time_t *) 0); add_session(sp); } while (!requested_transition) if ((pid = waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, 0)) != -1) collect_child(pid); return (state_func_t) requested_transition; } /* * This is an (n*2)+(n^2) algorithm. We hope it isn't run often... */ static state_func_t clean_ttys(void) { session_t *sp, *sprev; struct ttyent *typ; int devlen; char *old_getty, *old_window, *old_type; /* * mark all sessions for death, (!SE_PRESENT) * as we find or create new ones they'll be marked as keepers, * we'll later nuke all the ones not found in /etc/ttys */ for (sp = sessions; sp != NULL; sp = sp->se_next) sp->se_flags &= ~SE_PRESENT; devlen = sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1; while ((typ = getttyent()) != NULL) { for (sprev = 0, sp = sessions; sp; sprev = sp, sp = sp->se_next) if (strcmp(typ->ty_name, sp->se_device + devlen) == 0) break; if (sp) { /* we want this one to live */ sp->se_flags |= SE_PRESENT; if ((typ->ty_status & TTY_ON) == 0 || typ->ty_getty == 0) { sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN; kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP); continue; } sp->se_flags &= ~SE_SHUTDOWN; old_getty = sp->se_getty ? strdup(sp->se_getty) : 0; old_window = sp->se_window ? strdup(sp->se_window) : 0; old_type = sp->se_type ? strdup(sp->se_type) : 0; if (setupargv(sp, typ) == 0) { warning("can't parse getty for port %s", sp->se_device); sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN; kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP); } else if ( !old_getty || (!old_type && sp->se_type) || (old_type && !sp->se_type) || (!old_window && sp->se_window) || (old_window && !sp->se_window) || (strcmp(old_getty, sp->se_getty) != 0) || (old_window && strcmp(old_window, sp->se_window) != 0) || (old_type && strcmp(old_type, sp->se_type) != 0) ) { /* Don't set SE_SHUTDOWN here */ sp->se_nspace = 0; sp->se_started = 0; kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP); } if (old_getty) free(old_getty); if (old_window) free(old_window); if (old_type) free(old_type); continue; } new_session(sprev, typ); } endttyent(); /* * sweep through and kill all deleted sessions * ones who's /etc/ttys line was deleted (SE_PRESENT unset) */ for (sp = sessions; sp != NULL; sp = sp->se_next) { if ((sp->se_flags & SE_PRESENT) == 0) { sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN; kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP); } } return (state_func_t) multi_user; } /* * Block further logins. */ static state_func_t catatonia(void) { session_t *sp; for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next) sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN; return (state_func_t) multi_user; } /* * Note SIGALRM. */ static void alrm_handler(int sig) { (void)sig; clang = 1; } /* * Bring the system down to single user. */ static state_func_t death(void) { int block, blocked; size_t len; /* Temporarily block suspend. */ len = sizeof(blocked); block = 1; if (sysctlbyname("kern.suspend_blocked", &blocked, &len, &block, sizeof(block)) == -1) blocked = 0; /* * Also revoke the TTY here. Because runshutdown() may reopen * the TTY whose getty we're killing here, there is no guarantee * runshutdown() will perform the initial open() call, causing * the terminal attributes to be misconfigured. */ revoke_ttys(); /* Try to run the rc.shutdown script within a period of time */ runshutdown(); /* Unblock suspend if we blocked it. */ if (!blocked) sysctlbyname("kern.suspend_blocked", NULL, NULL, &blocked, sizeof(blocked)); return (state_func_t) death_single; } /* * Do what is necessary to reinitialize single user mode or reboot * from an incomplete state. */ static state_func_t death_single(void) { int i; pid_t pid; static const int death_sigs[2] = { SIGTERM, SIGKILL }; revoke(_PATH_CONSOLE); for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) { if (kill(-1, death_sigs[i]) == -1 && errno == ESRCH) return (state_func_t) single_user; clang = 0; alarm(DEATH_WATCH); do if ((pid = waitpid(-1, (int *)0, 0)) != -1) collect_child(pid); while (clang == 0 && errno != ECHILD); if (errno == ECHILD) return (state_func_t) single_user; } warning("some processes would not die; ps axl advised"); return (state_func_t) single_user; } static void revoke_ttys(void) { session_t *sp; for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next) { sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN; kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP); revoke(sp->se_device); } } /* * Run the system shutdown script. * * Exit codes: XXX I should document more * -2 shutdown script terminated abnormally * -1 fatal error - can't run script * 0 good. * >0 some error (exit code) */ static int runshutdown(void) { pid_t pid, wpid; int status; int shutdowntimeout; size_t len; char *argv[4]; struct stat sb; /* * rc.shutdown is optional, so to prevent any unnecessary * complaints from the shell we simply don't run it if the * file does not exist. If the stat() here fails for other * reasons, we'll let the shell complain. */ if (stat(_PATH_RUNDOWN, &sb) == -1 && errno == ENOENT) return 0; if ((pid = fork()) == 0) { char _sh[] = "sh"; char _reboot[] = "reboot"; char _single[] = "single"; char _path_rundown[] = _PATH_RUNDOWN; argv[0] = _sh; argv[1] = _path_rundown; argv[2] = Reboot ? _reboot : _single; argv[3] = NULL; execute_script(argv); _exit(1); /* force single user mode */ } if (pid == -1) { emergency("can't fork for %s: %m", _PATH_RUNDOWN); while (waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, WNOHANG) > 0) continue; sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT); return -1; } len = sizeof(shutdowntimeout); if (sysctlbyname("kern.init_shutdown_timeout", &shutdowntimeout, &len, NULL, 0) == -1 || shutdowntimeout < 2) shutdowntimeout = DEATH_SCRIPT; alarm(shutdowntimeout); clang = 0; /* * Copied from single_user(). This is a bit paranoid. * Use the same ALRM handler. */ do { if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1) collect_child(wpid); if (clang == 1) { /* we were waiting for the sub-shell */ kill(wpid, SIGTERM); warning("timeout expired for %s: %m; going to " "single user mode", _PATH_RUNDOWN); return -1; } if (wpid == -1) { if (errno == EINTR) continue; warning("wait for %s failed: %m; going to " "single user mode", _PATH_RUNDOWN); return -1; } if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) { warning("init: %s stopped, restarting\n", _PATH_RUNDOWN); kill(pid, SIGCONT); wpid = -1; } } while (wpid != pid && !clang); /* Turn off the alarm */ alarm(0); if (WIFSIGNALED(status) && WTERMSIG(status) == SIGTERM && requested_transition == catatonia) { /* * /etc/rc.shutdown executed /sbin/reboot; * wait for the end quietly */ sigset_t s; sigfillset(&s); for (;;) sigsuspend(&s); } if (!WIFEXITED(status)) { warning("%s terminated abnormally, going to " "single user mode", _PATH_RUNDOWN); return -2; } if ((status = WEXITSTATUS(status)) != 0) warning("%s returned status %d", _PATH_RUNDOWN, status); return status; } static char * strk(char *p) { static char *t; char *q; int c; if (p) t = p; if (!t) return 0; c = *t; while (c == ' ' || c == '\t' ) c = *++t; if (!c) { t = 0; return 0; } q = t; if (c == '\'') { c = *++t; q = t; while (c && c != '\'') c = *++t; if (!c) /* unterminated string */ q = t = 0; else *t++ = 0; } else { while (c && c != ' ' && c != '\t' ) c = *++t; *t++ = 0; if (!c) t = 0; } return q; } #ifdef LOGIN_CAP static void setprocresources(const char *cname) { login_cap_t *lc; if ((lc = login_getclassbyname(cname, NULL)) != NULL) { setusercontext(lc, (struct passwd*)NULL, 0, LOGIN_SETPRIORITY | LOGIN_SETRESOURCES | LOGIN_SETLOGINCLASS | LOGIN_SETCPUMASK); login_close(lc); } } #endif Index: head/sbin/shutdown/shutdown.8 =================================================================== --- head/sbin/shutdown/shutdown.8 (revision 356820) +++ head/sbin/shutdown/shutdown.8 (revision 356821) @@ -1,242 +1,242 @@ .\" Copyright (c) 1988, 1991, 1993 .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software .\" without specific prior written permission. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" @(#)shutdown.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/27/95 .\" $FreeBSD$ .\" -.Dd January 1, 2018 +.Dd January 11, 2020 .Dt SHUTDOWN 8 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm shutdown , .Nm poweroff .Nd "close down the system at a given time" .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl .Oo .Fl c | Fl h | Fl p | .Fl r | Fl k .Oc .Oo .Fl o .Op Fl n .Oc .Ar time .Op Ar warning-message ... .Nm poweroff .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Nm utility provides an automated shutdown procedure for super-users to nicely notify users when the system is shutting down, saving them from system administrators, hackers, and gurus, who would otherwise not bother with such niceties. .Pp The following options are available: .Bl -tag -width indent .It Fl c The system is power cycled (power turned off and then back on) at the specified time. If the hardware doesn't support power cycle, the system will be -halted. +rebooted. At the present time, only systems with BMC supported by the .Xr ipmi 4 driver that implement this functionality support this flag. The amount of time the system is off is dependent on the device that implements this feature. .It Fl h The system is halted at the specified .Ar time . .It Fl p The system is halted and the power is turned off (hardware support required, otherwise the system is halted) at the specified .Ar time . .It Fl r The system is rebooted at the specified .Ar time . .It Fl k Kick everybody off. The .Fl k option does not actually halt the system, but leaves the system multi-user with logins disabled (for all but super-user). .It Fl o If one of the .Fl c , .Fl h , .Fl p or .Fl r options are specified, .Nm will execute .Xr halt 8 or .Xr reboot 8 instead of sending a signal to .Xr init 8 . .It Fl n If the .Fl o option is specified, prevent the file system cache from being flushed by passing .Fl n to .Xr halt 8 or .Xr reboot 8 . This option should probably not be used. .It Ar time .Ar Time is the time at which .Nm will bring the system down and may be the case-insensitive word .Ar now (indicating an immediate shutdown) or a future time in one of two formats: .Ar +number , or .Ar yymmddhhmm , where the year, month, and day may be defaulted to the current system values. The first form brings the system down in .Ar number minutes and the second at the absolute time specified. .Ar +number may be specified in units other than minutes by appending the corresponding suffix: .Dq Li s , .Dq Li sec , .Dq Li m , .Dq Li min . .Dq Li h , .Dq Li hour . .Pp If an absolute time is specified, but not a date, and that time today has already passed, .Nm will assume that the same time tomorrow was meant. (If a complete date is specified which has already passed, .Nm will print an error and exit without shutting the system down.) .It Ar warning-message Any other arguments comprise the warning message that is broadcast to users currently logged into the system. .It Fl If .Sq Fl is supplied as an option, the warning message is read from the standard input. .El .Pp At intervals, becoming more frequent as apocalypse approaches and starting at ten hours before shutdown, warning messages are displayed on the terminals of all users logged in. Five minutes before shutdown, or immediately if shutdown is in less than 5 minutes, logins are disabled by creating .Pa /var/run/nologin and copying the warning message there. If this file exists when a user attempts to log in, .Xr login 1 prints its contents and exits. The file is removed just before .Nm exits. .Pp At shutdown time a message is written to the system log, containing the time of shutdown, the person who initiated the shutdown and the reason. The corresponding signal is then sent to .Xr init 8 to respectively halt, reboot or bring the system down to single-user state (depending on the above options). The time of the shutdown and the warning message are placed in .Pa /var/run/nologin and should be used to inform the users about when the system will be back up and why it is going down (or anything else). .Pp A scheduled shutdown can be canceled by killing the .Nm process (a .Dv SIGTERM should suffice). The .Pa /var/run/nologin file that .Nm created will be removed automatically. .Pp When run without options, the .Nm utility will place the system into single user mode at the .Ar time specified. .Pp Calling .Dq Nm poweroff is equivalent to running: .Bd -literal -offset indent shutdown -p now .Ed .Sh FILES .Bl -tag -width /var/run/nologin -compact .It Pa /var/run/nologin tells .Xr login 1 not to let anyone log in .El .Sh EXAMPLES Reboot the system in 30 minutes and display a warning message on the terminals of all users currently logged in: .Pp .Dl # shutdown -r +30 \&"System will reboot\&" .Sh COMPATIBILITY The hours and minutes in the second time format may be separated by a colon (``:'') for backward compatibility. .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr kill 1 , .Xr login 1 , .Xr wall 1 , .Xr nologin 5 , .Xr halt 8 , .Xr init 8 , .Xr reboot 8 .Sh HISTORY A .Nm command was originally written by Ian Johnstone for UNSW's modified .At "6th Edn" . It was modified and then incorporated in .Bx 4.1 .