Index: head/lib/libc/compat-43/creat.2
===================================================================
--- head/lib/libc/compat-43/creat.2	(revision 351810)
+++ head/lib/libc/compat-43/creat.2	(revision 351811)
@@ -1,62 +1,62 @@
 .\" Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, 1993
 .\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 .\"
 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 .\" are met:
 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 .\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 .\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 .\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 .\"    without specific prior written permission.
 .\"
 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 .\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 .\" SUCH DAMAGE.
 .\"
 .\"     @(#)creat.2	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/2/93
 .\" $FreeBSD$
 .\"
-.Dd June 2, 1993
+.Dd September 4, 2019
 .Dt CREAT 2
 .Os
 .Sh NAME
 .Nm creat
 .Nd create a new file
 .Sh LIBRARY
 .Lb libc
 .Sh SYNOPSIS
 .In fcntl.h
 .Ft int
 .Fn creat "const char *path" "mode_t mode"
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
 .Bf -symbolic
 This interface is made obsolete by:
 .Ef
 .Xr open 2 .
 .Pp
 The
 .Fn creat
 function
 is the same as:
 .Bd -literal -offset indent
 open(path, O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY, mode);
 .Ed
 .Sh SEE ALSO
 .Xr open 2
 .Sh HISTORY
 The
 .Fn creat
 function appeared in
-.At v6 .
+.At v1 .
Index: head/usr.bin/dc/dc.1
===================================================================
--- head/usr.bin/dc/dc.1	(revision 351810)
+++ head/usr.bin/dc/dc.1	(revision 351811)
@@ -1,558 +1,558 @@
 .\"	$FreeBSD$
 .\"	$OpenBSD: dc.1,v 1.27 2012/08/19 12:07:21 jmc Exp $
 .\"
 .\" Copyright (C) Caldera International Inc.  2001-2002.
 .\" All rights reserved.
 .\"
 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 .\" are met:
 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code and documentation must retain the above
 .\"    copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 .\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
 .\"    must display the following acknowledgement:
 .\"	This product includes software developed or owned by Caldera
 .\"	International, Inc.
 .\" 4. Neither the name of Caldera International, Inc. nor the names of other
 .\"    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 .\"    this software without specific prior written permission.
 .\"
 .\" USE OF THE SOFTWARE PROVIDED FOR UNDER THIS LICENSE BY CALDERA
 .\" INTERNATIONAL, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
 .\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
 .\" IN NO EVENT SHALL CALDERA INTERNATIONAL, INC. BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
 .\" INDIRECT INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
 .\" (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
 .\" SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
 .\" STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
 .\" IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 .\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 .\"
 .\"	@(#)dc.1	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
 .\"
-.Dd December 5, 2017
+.Dd September 4, 2019
 .Dt DC 1
 .Os
 .Sh NAME
 .Nm dc
 .Nd desk calculator
 .Sh SYNOPSIS
 .Nm
 .Op Fl hxV
 .Op Fl e Ar expression
 .Op Fl f Ar filename
 .Op Ar filename
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
 .Nm
 is an arbitrary precision arithmetic package.
 The overall structure of
 .Nm
 is
 a stacking (reverse Polish) calculator i.e.\&
 numbers are stored on a stack.
 Adding a number pushes it onto the stack.
 Arithmetic operations pop arguments off the stack
 and push the results.
 See also the
 .Xr bc 1
 utility, which is a preprocessor for
 .Nm
 providing infix notation and a C-like syntax
 which implements functions and reasonable control
 structures for programs.
 The options are as follows:
 .Bl -tag -width Ds
 .It Fl e Ar expr , Fl Fl expression Ar expr
 Evaluate
 .Ar expression .
 If multiple
 .Fl e
 options are specified, they will be processed in the order given.
 .It Fl f Ar filename , Fl Fl file Ar filename
 Process the content of the given file before further calculations are done.
 If multiple
 .Fl f
 options are specified, they will be processed in the order given.
 .It Fl h , Fl Fl help
 Print short usage info.
 .It Fl V , Fl Fl version
 Print version info.
 .It Fl x
 Enable extended register mode.
 This mode is used by
 .Xr bc 1
 to allow more than 256 registers.
 See
 .Sx Registers
 for a more detailed description.
 .El
 .Pp
 If neither
 .Ar expression
 nor
 .Ar file
 are specified on the command line,
 .Nm
 reads from the standard input.
 Otherwise
 .Ar expression
 and
 .Ar file
 are processed and
 .Nm
 exits.
 .Pp
 Ordinarily,
 .Nm
 operates on decimal integers,
 but one may specify an input base, output base,
 and a number of fractional digits (scale) to be maintained.
 Whitespace is ignored, except where it signals the end of a number,
 end of a line or when a register name is expected.
 The following constructions are recognized:
 .Bl -tag -width "number"
 .It Va number
 The value of the number is pushed on the stack.
 A number is an unbroken string of the digits 0\-9 and letters A\-F.
 It may be preceded by an underscore
 .Pq Sq _
 to input a negative number.
 A number may contain a single decimal point.
 A number may also contain the characters A\-F, with the values 10\-15.
 .It Cm "+ - / * % ~ ^"
 The
 top two values on the stack are added
 (+),
 subtracted
 (\-),
 multiplied (*),
 divided (/),
 remaindered (%),
 divided and remaindered (~),
 or exponentiated (^).
 The two entries are popped off the stack;
 the result is pushed on the stack in their place.
 Any fractional part of an exponent is ignored.
 .Pp
 For addition, subtraction, and remainder, the scale of the result is the
 maximum of scales of the operands.
 For division the scale of the result is defined
 by the scale set by the
 .Ic k
 operation.
 For multiplication, the scale is defined by the expression
 .Sy min(a+b,max(a,b,scale)) ,
 where
 .Sy a
 and
 .Sy b
 are the scales of the operands, and
 .Sy scale
 is the scale defined by the
 .Ic k
 operation.
 For exponentiation with a non-negative exponent, the scale of the result is
 .Sy min(a*b,max(scale,a)) ,
 where
 .Sy a
 is the scale of the base, and
 .Sy b
 is the
 .Em value
 of the exponent.
 If the exponent is negative, the scale of the result is the scale
 defined by the
 .Ic k
 operation.
 .Pp
 In the case of the division and modulus operator (~),
 the resultant quotient is pushed first followed by the remainder.
 This is a shorthand for the sequence:
 .Bd -literal -offset indent -compact
 x y / x y %
 .Ed
 The division and modulus operator is a non-portable extension.
 .It Ic a
 Pop the top value from the stack.
 If that value is a number, compute the integer part of the number modulo 256.
 If the result is zero, push an empty string.
 Otherwise push a one character string by interpreting the computed value
 as an
 .Tn ASCII
 character.
 .Pp
 If the top value is a string, push a string containing the first character
 of the original string.
 If the original string is empty, an empty string is pushed back.
 The
 .Ic a
 operator is a non-portable extension.
 .It Ic c
 All values on the stack are popped.
 .It Ic d
 The top value on the stack is duplicated.
 .It Ic e
 Equivalent to
 .Ic p ,
 except that the output is written to the standard error stream.
 .It Ic f
 All values on the stack are printed, separated by newlines.
 .It Ic G
 The top two numbers are popped from the stack and compared.
 A one is pushed if the top of the stack is equal to the second number
 on the stack.
 A zero is pushed otherwise.
 This is a non-portable extension.
 .It Ic I
 Pushes the input base on the top of the stack.
 .It Ic i
 The top value on the stack is popped and used as the
 base for further input.
 The initial input base is 10.
 .It Ic J
 Pop the top value from the stack.
 The recursion level is popped by that value and, following that,
 the input is skipped until the first occurrence of the
 .Ic M
 operator.
 The
 .Ic J
 operator is a non-portable extension, used by the
 .Xr bc 1
 command.
 .It Ic K
 The current scale factor is pushed onto the stack.
 .It Ic k
 The top of the stack is popped, and that value is used as
 a non-negative scale factor:
 the appropriate number of places
 are printed on output,
 and maintained during multiplication, division, and exponentiation.
 The interaction of scale factor,
 input base, and output base will be reasonable if all are changed
 together.
 .It Ic L Ns Ar x
 Register
 .Ar x
 is treated as a stack and its top value is popped onto the main stack.
 .It Ic l Ns Ar x
 The
 value in register
 .Ar x
 is pushed on the stack.
 The register
 .Ar x
 is not altered.
 Initially, all registers contain the value zero.
 .It Ic M
 Mark used by the
 .Ic J
 operator.
 The
 .Ic M
 operator is a non-portable extensions, used by the
 .Xr bc 1
 command.
 .It Ic N
 The top of the stack is replaced by one if the top of the stack
 is equal to zero.
 If the top of the stack is unequal to zero, it is replaced by zero.
 This is a non-portable extension.
 .It Ic n
 The top value on the stack is popped and printed without a newline.
 This is a non-portable extension.
 .It Ic O
 Pushes the output base on the top of the stack.
 .It Ic o
 The top value on the stack is popped and used as the
 base for further output.
 The initial output base is 10.
 .It Ic P
 The top of the stack is popped.
 If the top of the stack is a string, it is printed without a trailing newline.
 If the top of the stack is a number, it is interpreted as a
 base 256 number, and each digit of this base 256 number is printed as
 an
 .Tn ASCII
 character, without a trailing newline.
 .It Ic p
 The top value on the stack is printed with a trailing newline.
 The top value remains unchanged.
 .It Ic Q
 The top value on the stack is popped and the string execution level is popped
 by that value.
 .It Ic q
 Exits the program.
 If executing a string, the recursion level is
 popped by two.
 .It Ic R
 The top of the stack is removed (popped).
 This is a non-portable extension.
 .It Ic r
 The top two values on the stack are reversed (swapped).
 This is a non-portable extension.
 .It Ic S Ns Ar x
 Register
 .Ar x
 is treated as a stack.
 The top value of the main stack is popped and pushed on it.
 .It Ic s Ns Ar x
 The
 top of the stack is popped and stored into
 a register named
 .Ar x .
 .It Ic v
 Replaces the top element on the stack by its square root.
 The scale of the result is the maximum of the scale of the argument
 and the current value of scale.
 .It Ic X
 Replaces the number on the top of the stack with its scale factor.
 If the top of the stack is a string, replace it with the integer 0.
 .It Ic x
 Treats the top element of the stack as a character string
 and executes it as a string of
 .Nm
 commands.
 .It Ic Z
 Replaces the number on the top of the stack with its length.
 The length of a string is its number of characters.
 The length of a number is its number of digits, not counting the minus sign
 and decimal point.
 .It Ic z
 The stack level is pushed onto the stack.
 .It Cm \&[ Ns ... Ns Cm \&]
 Puts the bracketed
 .Tn ASCII
 string onto the top of the stack.
 If the string includes brackets, these must be properly balanced.
 The backslash character
 .Pq Sq \e
 may be used as an escape character, making it
 possible to include unbalanced brackets in strings.
 To include a backslash in a string, use a double backslash.
 .It Xo
 .Cm < Ns Va x
 .Cm > Ns Va x
 .Cm = Ns Va x
 .Cm !< Ns Va x
 .Cm !> Ns Va x
 .Cm != Ns Va x
 .Xc
 The top two elements of the stack are popped and compared.
 Register
 .Ar x
 is executed if they obey the stated
 relation.
 .It Xo
 .Cm < Ns Va x Ns e Ns Va y
 .Cm > Ns Va x Ns e Ns Va y
 .Cm = Ns Va x Ns e Ns Va y
 .Cm !< Ns Va x Ns e Ns Va y
 .Cm !> Ns Va x Ns e Ns Va y
 .Cm != Ns Va x Ns e Ns Va y
 .Xc
 These operations are variants of the comparison operations above.
 The first register name is followed by the letter
 .Sq e
 and another register name.
 Register
 .Ar x
 will be executed if the relation is true, and register
 .Ar y
 will be executed if the relation is false.
 This is a non-portable extension.
 .It Ic \&(
 The top two numbers are popped from the stack and compared.
 A one is pushed if the top of the stack is less than the second number
 on the stack.
 A zero is pushed otherwise.
 This is a non-portable extension.
 .It Ic {
 The top two numbers are popped from the stack and compared.
 A one is pushed if the top of stack is less than or equal to the
 second number on the stack.
 A zero is pushed otherwise.
 This is a non-portable extension.
 .It Ic \&!
 Interprets the rest of the line as a
 .Ux
 command.
 .It Ic \&?
 A line of input is taken from the input source (usually the terminal)
 and executed.
 .It Ic \&: Ns Ar r
 Pop two values from the stack.
 The second value on the stack is stored into the array
 .Ar r
 indexed by the top of stack.
 .It Ic \&; Ns Ar r
 Pop a value from the stack.
 The value is used as an index into register
 .Ar r .
 The value in this register is pushed onto the stack.
 .Pp
 Array elements initially have the value zero.
 Each level of a stacked register has its own array associated with
 it.
 The command sequence
 .Bd -literal -offset indent
 [first] 0:a [dummy] Sa [second] 0:a 0;a p La 0;a p
 .Ed
 .Pp
 will print
 .Bd -literal -offset indent
 second
 first
 .Ed
 .Pp
 since the string
 .Ql second
 is written in an array that is later popped, to reveal the array that
 stored
 .Ql first .
 .It Ic #
 Skip the rest of the line.
 This is a non-portable extension.
 .El
 .Ss Registers
 Registers have a single character name
 .Ar x ,
 where
 .Ar x
 may be any character, including space, tab or any other special character.
 If extended register mode is enabled using the
 .Fl x
 option and the register identifier
 .Ar x
 has the value 255, the next two characters are interpreted as a
 two-byte register index.
 The set of standard single character registers and the set of extended
 registers do not overlap.
 Extended register mode is a non-portable extension.
 .Sh EXAMPLES
 An example which prints the first ten values of
 .Ic n! :
 .Bd -literal -offset indent
 [la1+dsa*pla10>y]sy
 0sa1
 lyx
 .Ed
 .Pp
 Independent of the current input base, the command
 .Bd -literal -offset indent
 Ai
 .Ed
 .Pp
 will reset the input base to decimal 10.
 .Sh DIAGNOSTICS
 .Bl -diag
 .It %c (0%o) is unimplemented
 an undefined operation was called.
 .It stack empty
 for not enough elements on the stack to do what was asked.
 .It stack register '%c' (0%o) is empty
 for an
 .Ar L
 operation from a stack register that is empty.
 .It Runtime warning: non-zero scale in exponent
 for a fractional part of an exponent that is being ignored.
 .It divide by zero
 for trying to divide by zero.
 .It remainder by zero
 for trying to take a remainder by zero.
 .It square root of negative number
 for trying to take the square root of a negative number.
 .It index too big
 for an array index that is larger than 2048.
 .It negative index
 for a negative array index.
 .It "input base must be a number between 2 and 16"
 for trying to set an illegal input base.
 .It output base must be a number greater than 1
 for trying to set an illegal output base.
 .It scale must be a nonnegative number
 for trying to set a negative or zero scale.
 .It scale too large
 for trying to set a scale that is too large.
 A scale must be representable as a 32-bit unsigned number.
 .It Q command argument exceeded string execution depth
 for trying to pop the recursion level more than the current
 recursion level.
 .It Q command requires a number >= 1
 for trying to pop an illegal number of recursion levels.
 .It recursion too deep
 for too many levels of nested execution.
 .Pp
 The recursion level is increased by one if the
 .Ar x
 or
 .Ar ?\&
 operation or one of the compare operations resulting in the execution
 of register is executed.
 As an exception, the recursion level is not increased if the operation
 is executed as the last command of a string.
 For example, the commands
 .Bd -literal -offset indent
 [lax]sa
 1 lax
 .Ed
 .Pp
 will execute an endless loop, while the commands
 .Bd -literal -offset indent
 [laxp]sa
 1 lax
 .Ed
 .Pp
 will terminate because of a too deep recursion level.
 .It J command argument exceeded string execution depth
 for trying to pop the recursion level more than the current
 recursion level.
 .It mark not found
 for a failed scan for an occurrence of the
 .Ic M
 operator.
 .El
 .Sh SEE ALSO
 .Xr bc 1
 .Pp
 .An -nosplit
 .An L. L. Cherry ,
 .An R. Morris
 "DC \- An Interactive Desk Calculator"
 .Pa /usr/share/doc/usd/05.dc/ .
 .Sh STANDARDS
 The arithmetic operations of the
 .Nm
 utility are expected to conform to the definition listed in the
 .Xr bc 1
 section of the
 .St -p1003.2
 specification.
 .Sh HISTORY
 The
 .Nm
 command first appeared in
-.At v6 .
+.At v1 .
 A complete rewrite of the
 .Nm
 command using the
 .Xr bn 3
 big number routines first appeared in
 .Ox 3.5 .
 .Sh AUTHORS
 .An -nosplit
 The original version of the
 .Nm
 command was written by
 .An Robert Morris
 and
 .An Lorinda Cherry .
 The current version of the
 .Nm
 utility was written by
 .An Otto Moerbeek .
Index: head/usr.bin/sort/sort.1.in
===================================================================
--- head/usr.bin/sort/sort.1.in	(revision 351810)
+++ head/usr.bin/sort/sort.1.in	(revision 351811)
@@ -1,637 +1,637 @@
 .\"	$OpenBSD: sort.1,v 1.45 2015/03/19 13:51:10 jmc Exp $
 .\"	$FreeBSD$
 .\"
 .\" Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
 .\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 .\"
 .\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
 .\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
 .\"
 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 .\" are met:
 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 .\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 .\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 .\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 .\"    without specific prior written permission.
 .\"
 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 .\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 .\" SUCH DAMAGE.
 .\"
 .\"     @(#)sort.1	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
 .\"
-.Dd March 19, 2015
+.Dd September 4, 2019
 .Dt SORT 1
 .Os
 .Sh NAME
 .Nm sort
 .Nd sort or merge records (lines) of text and binary files
 .Sh SYNOPSIS
 .Nm
 .Bk -words
 .Op Fl bcCdfghiRMmnrsuVz
 .Sm off
 .Op Fl k\ \& Ar field1 Op , Ar field2
 .Sm on
 .Op Fl S Ar memsize
 .Ek
 .Op Fl T Ar dir
 .Op Fl t Ar char
 .Op Fl o Ar output
 .Op Ar file ...
 .Nm
 .Fl Fl help
 .Nm
 .Fl Fl version
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
 The
 .Nm
 utility sorts text and binary files by lines.
 A line is a record separated from the subsequent record by a
 newline (default) or NUL \'\\0\' character (-z option).
 A record can contain any printable or unprintable characters.
 Comparisons are based on one or more sort keys extracted from
 each line of input, and are performed lexicographically,
 according to the current locale's collating rules and the
 specified command-line options that can tune the actual
 sorting behavior.
 By default, if keys are not given,
 .Nm
 uses entire lines for comparison.
 .Pp
 The command line options are as follows:
 .Bl -tag -width Ds
 .It Fl c , Fl Fl check , Fl C , Fl Fl check=silent|quiet
 Check that the single input file is sorted.
 If the file is not sorted,
 .Nm
 produces the appropriate error messages and exits with code 1,
 otherwise returns 0.
 If
 .Fl C
 or
 .Fl Fl check=silent
 is specified,
 .Nm
 produces no output.
 This is a "silent" version of
 .Fl c .
 .It Fl m , Fl Fl merge
 Merge only.
 The input files are assumed to be pre-sorted.
 If they are not sorted the output order is undefined.
 .It Fl o Ar output , Fl Fl output Ns = Ns Ar output
 Print the output to the
 .Ar output
 file instead of the standard output.
 .It Fl S Ar size , Fl Fl buffer-size Ns = Ns Ar size
 Use
 .Ar size
 for the maximum size of the memory buffer.
 Size modifiers %,b,K,M,G,T,P,E,Z,Y can be used.
 If a memory limit is not explicitly specified,
 .Nm
 takes up to about 90% of available memory.
 If the file size is too big to fit into the memory buffer,
 the temporary disk files are used to perform the sorting.
 .It Fl T Ar dir , Fl Fl temporary-directory Ns = Ns Ar dir
 Store temporary files in the directory
 .Ar dir .
 The default path is the value of the environment variable
 .Ev TMPDIR
 or
 .Pa /var/tmp
 if
 .Ev TMPDIR
 is not defined.
 .It Fl u , Fl Fl unique
 Unique keys.
 Suppress all lines that have a key that is equal to an already
 processed one.
 This option, similarly to
 .Fl s ,
 implies a stable sort.
 If used with
 .Fl c
 or
 .Fl C ,
 .Nm
 also checks that there are no lines with duplicate keys.
 .It Fl s
 Stable sort.
 This option maintains the original record order of records that have
 an equal key.
 This is a non-standard feature, but it is widely accepted and used.
 .It Fl Fl version
 Print the version and silently exits.
 .It Fl Fl help
 Print the help text and silently exits.
 .El
 .Pp
 The following options override the default ordering rules.
 When ordering options appear independently of key field
 specifications, they apply globally to all sort keys.
 When attached to a specific key (see
 .Fl k ) ,
 the ordering options override all global ordering options for
 the key they are attached to.
 .Bl -tag -width indent
 .It Fl b , Fl Fl ignore-leading-blanks
 Ignore leading blank characters when comparing lines.
 .It Fl d , Fl Fl dictionary-order
 Consider only blank spaces and alphanumeric characters in comparisons.
 .It Fl f , Fl Fl ignore-case
 Convert all lowercase characters to their uppercase equivalent
 before comparison, that is, perform case-independent sorting.
 .It Fl g , Fl Fl general-numeric-sort , Fl Fl sort=general-numeric
 Sort by general numerical value.
 As opposed to
 .Fl n ,
 this option handles general floating points.
 It has a more
 permissive format than that allowed by
 .Fl n
 but it has a significant performance drawback.
 .It Fl h , Fl Fl human-numeric-sort , Fl Fl sort=human-numeric
 Sort by numerical value, but take into account the SI suffix,
 if present.
 Sort first by numeric sign (negative, zero, or
 positive); then by SI suffix (either empty, or `k' or `K', or one
 of `MGTPEZY', in that order); and finally by numeric value.
 The SI suffix must immediately follow the number.
 For example, '12345K' sorts before '1M', because M is "larger" than K.
 This sort option is useful for sorting the output of a single invocation
 of 'df' command with
 .Fl h
 or
 .Fl H
 options (human-readable).
 .It Fl i , Fl Fl ignore-nonprinting
 Ignore all non-printable characters.
 .It Fl M , Fl Fl month-sort , Fl Fl sort=month
 Sort by month abbreviations.
 Unknown strings are considered smaller than the month names.
 .It Fl n , Fl Fl numeric-sort , Fl Fl sort=numeric
 Sort fields numerically by arithmetic value.
 Fields are supposed to have optional blanks in the beginning, an
 optional minus sign, zero or more digits (including decimal point and
 possible thousand separators).
 .It Fl R , Fl Fl random-sort , Fl Fl sort=random
 Sort by a random order.
 This is a random permutation of the inputs except that
 the equal keys sort together.
 It is implemented by hashing the input keys and sorting
 the hash values.
 The hash function is chosen randomly.
 The hash function is randomized by
 .Cm /dev/random
 content, or by file content if it is specified by
 .Fl Fl random-source .
 Even if multiple sort fields are specified,
 the same random hash function is used for all of them.
 .It Fl r , Fl Fl reverse
 Sort in reverse order.
 .It Fl V , Fl Fl version-sort
 Sort version numbers.
 The input lines are treated as file names in form
 PREFIX VERSION SUFFIX, where SUFFIX matches the regular expression
 "(\.([A-Za-z~][A-Za-z0-9~]*)?)*".
 The files are compared by their prefixes and versions (leading
 zeros are ignored in version numbers, see example below).
 If an input string does not match the pattern, then it is compared
 using the byte compare function.
 All string comparisons are performed in C locale, the locale
 environment setting is ignored.
 .Bl -tag -width indent
 .It Example:
 .It $ ls sort* | sort -V
 .It sort-1.022.tgz
 .It sort-1.23.tgz
 .It sort-1.23.1.tgz
 .It sort-1.024.tgz
 .It sort-1.024.003.
 .It sort-1.024.003.tgz
 .It sort-1.024.07.tgz
 .It sort-1.024.009.tgz
 .El
 .El
 .Pp
 The treatment of field separators can be altered using these options:
 .Bl -tag -width indent
 .It Fl b , Fl Fl ignore-leading-blanks
 Ignore leading blank space when determining the start
 and end of a restricted sort key (see
 .Fl k ) .
 If
 .Fl b
 is specified before the first
 .Fl k
 option, it applies globally to all key specifications.
 Otherwise,
 .Fl b
 can be attached independently to each
 .Ar field
 argument of the key specifications.
 .Fl b .
 .It Xo
 .Fl k Ar field1 Ns Op , Ns Ar field2 ,
 .Fl Fl key Ns = Ns Ar field1 Ns Op , Ns Ar field2
 .Xc
 Define a restricted sort key that has the starting position
 .Ar field1 ,
 and optional ending position
 .Ar field2
 of a key field.
 The
 .Fl k
 option may be specified multiple times,
 in which case subsequent keys are compared when earlier keys compare equal.
 The
 .Fl k
 option replaces the obsolete options
 .Cm \(pl Ns Ar pos1
 and
 .Fl Ns Ar pos2 ,
 but the old notation is also supported.
 .It Fl t Ar char , Fl Fl field-separator Ns = Ns Ar char
 Use
 .Ar char
 as a field separator character.
 The initial
 .Ar char
 is not considered to be part of a field when determining key offsets.
 Each occurrence of
 .Ar char
 is significant (for example,
 .Dq Ar charchar
 delimits an empty field).
 If
 .Fl t
 is not specified, the default field separator is a sequence of
 blank space characters, and consecutive blank spaces do
 .Em not
 delimit an empty field, however, the initial blank space
 .Em is
 considered part of a field when determining key offsets.
 To use NUL as field separator, use
 .Fl t
 \'\\0\'.
 .It Fl z , Fl Fl zero-terminated
 Use NUL as record separator.
 By default, records in the files are supposed to be separated by
 the newline characters.
 With this option, NUL (\'\\0\') is used as a record separator character.
 .El
 .Pp
 Other options:
 .Bl -tag -width indent
 .It Fl Fl batch-size Ns = Ns Ar num
 Specify maximum number of files that can be opened by
 .Nm
 at once.
 This option affects behavior when having many input files or using
 temporary files.
 The default value is 16.
 .It Fl Fl compress-program Ns = Ns Ar PROGRAM
 Use PROGRAM to compress temporary files.
 PROGRAM must compress standard input to standard output, when called
 without arguments.
 When called with argument
 .Fl d
 it must decompress standard input to standard output.
 If PROGRAM fails,
 .Nm
 must exit with error.
 An example of PROGRAM that can be used here is bzip2.
 .It Fl Fl random-source Ns = Ns Ar filename
 In random sort, the file content is used as the source of the 'seed' data
 for the hash function choice.
 Two invocations of random sort with the same seed data will use
 the same hash function and will produce the same result if the input is
 also identical.
 By default, file
 .Cm /dev/random
 is used.
 .It Fl Fl debug
 Print some extra information about the sorting process to the
 standard output.
 %%THREADS%%.It Fl Fl parallel
 %%THREADS%%Set the maximum number of execution threads.
 %%THREADS%%Default number equals to the number of CPUs.
 .It Fl Fl files0-from Ns = Ns Ar filename
 Take the input file list from the file
 .Ar filename .
 The file names must be separated by NUL
 (like the output produced by the command "find ... -print0").
 .It Fl Fl radixsort
 Try to use radix sort, if the sort specifications allow.
 The radix sort can only be used for trivial locales (C and POSIX),
 and it cannot be used for numeric or month sort.
 Radix sort is very fast and stable.
 .It Fl Fl mergesort
 Use mergesort.
 This is a universal algorithm that can always be used,
 but it is not always the fastest.
 .It Fl Fl qsort
 Try to use quick sort, if the sort specifications allow.
 This sort algorithm cannot be used with
 .Fl u
 and
 .Fl s .
 .It Fl Fl heapsort
 Try to use heap sort, if the sort specifications allow.
 This sort algorithm cannot be used with
 .Fl u
 and
 .Fl s .
 .It Fl Fl mmap
 Try to use file memory mapping system call.
 It may increase speed in some cases.
 .El
 .Pp
 The following operands are available:
 .Bl -tag -width indent
 .It Ar file
 The pathname of a file to be sorted, merged, or checked.
 If no
 .Ar file
 operands are specified, or if a
 .Ar file
 operand is
 .Fl ,
 the standard input is used.
 .El
 .Pp
 A field is defined as a maximal sequence of characters other than the
 field separator and record separator (newline by default).
 Initial blank spaces are included in the field unless
 .Fl b
 has been specified;
 the first blank space of a sequence of blank spaces acts as the field
 separator and is included in the field (unless
 .Fl t
 is specified).
 For example, all blank spaces at the beginning of a line are
 considered to be part of the first field.
 .Pp
 Fields are specified by the
 .Sm off
 .Fl k\ \& Ar field1 Op , Ar field2
 .Sm on
 command-line option.
 If
 .Ar field2
 is missing, the end of the key defaults to the end of the line.
 .Pp
 The arguments
 .Ar field1
 and
 .Ar field2
 have the form
 .Em m.n
 .Em (m,n > 0)
 and can be followed by one or more of the modifiers
 .Cm b , d , f , i ,
 .Cm n , g , M
 and
 .Cm r ,
 which correspond to the options discussed above.
 When
 .Cm b
 is specified it applies only to
 .Ar field1
 or
 .Ar field2
 where it is specified while the rest of the modifiers
 apply to the whole key field regardless if they are
 specified only with
 .Ar field1
 or
 .Ar field2
 or both.
 A
 .Ar field1
 position specified by
 .Em m.n
 is interpreted as the
 .Em n Ns th
 character from the beginning of the
 .Em m Ns th
 field.
 A missing
 .Em \&.n
 in
 .Ar field1
 means
 .Ql \&.1 ,
 indicating the first character of the
 .Em m Ns th
 field; if the
 .Fl b
 option is in effect,
 .Em n
 is counted from the first non-blank character in the
 .Em m Ns th
 field;
 .Em m Ns \&.1b
 refers to the first non-blank character in the
 .Em m Ns th
 field.
 .No 1\&. Ns Em n
 refers to the
 .Em n Ns th
 character from the beginning of the line;
 if
 .Em n
 is greater than the length of the line, the field is taken to be empty.
 .Pp
 .Em n Ns th
 positions are always counted from the field beginning, even if the field
 is shorter than the number of specified positions.
 Thus, the key can really start from a position in a subsequent field.
 .Pp
 A
 .Ar field2
 position specified by
 .Em m.n
 is interpreted as the
 .Em n Ns th
 character (including separators) from the beginning of the
 .Em m Ns th
 field.
 A missing
 .Em \&.n
 indicates the last character of the
 .Em m Ns th
 field;
 .Em m
 = \&0
 designates the end of a line.
 Thus the option
 .Fl k Ar v.x,w.y
 is synonymous with the obsolete option
 .Cm \(pl Ns Ar v-\&1.x-\&1
 .Fl Ns Ar w-\&1.y ;
 when
 .Em y
 is omitted,
 .Fl k Ar v.x,w
 is synonymous with
 .Cm \(pl Ns Ar v-\&1.x-\&1
 .Fl Ns Ar w\&.0 .
 The obsolete
 .Cm \(pl Ns Ar pos1
 .Fl Ns Ar pos2
 option is still supported, except for
 .Fl Ns Ar w\&.0b ,
 which has no
 .Fl k
 equivalent.
 .Sh ENVIRONMENT
 .Bl -tag -width Fl
 .It Ev LC_COLLATE
 Locale settings to be used to determine the collation for
 sorting records.
 .It Ev LC_CTYPE
 Locale settings to be used to case conversion and classification
 of characters, that is, which characters are considered
 whitespaces, etc.
 .It Ev LC_MESSAGES
 Locale settings that determine the language of output messages
 that
 .Nm
 prints out.
 .It Ev LC_NUMERIC
 Locale settings that determine the number format used in numeric sort.
 .It Ev LC_TIME
 Locale settings that determine the month format used in month sort.
 .It Ev LC_ALL
 Locale settings that override all of the above locale settings.
 This environment variable can be used to set all these settings
 to the same value at once.
 .It Ev LANG
 Used as a last resort to determine different kinds of locale-specific
 behavior if neither the respective environment variable, nor
 .Ev LC_ALL
 are set.
 %%NLS%%.It Ev NLSPATH
 %%NLS%%Path to NLS catalogs.
 .It Ev TMPDIR
 Path to the directory in which temporary files will be stored.
 Note that
 .Ev TMPDIR
 may be overridden by the
 .Fl T
 option.
 .It Ev GNUSORT_NUMERIC_COMPATIBILITY
 If defined
 .Fl t
 will not override the locale numeric symbols, that is, thousand
 separators and decimal separators.
 By default, if we specify
 .Fl t
 with the same symbol as the thousand separator or decimal point,
 the symbol will be treated as the field separator.
 Older behavior was less definite; the symbol was treated as both field
 separator and numeric separator, simultaneously.
 This environment variable enables the old behavior.
 .El
 .Sh FILES
 .Bl -tag -width Pa -compact
 .It Pa /var/tmp/.bsdsort.PID.*
 Temporary files.
 .It Pa /dev/random
 Default seed file for the random sort.
 .El
 .Sh EXIT STATUS
 The
 .Nm
 utility shall exit with one of the following values:
 .Pp
 .Bl -tag -width flag -compact
 .It 0
 Successfully sorted the input files or if used with
 .Fl c
 or
 .Fl C ,
 the input file already met the sorting criteria.
 .It 1
 On disorder (or non-uniqueness) with the
 .Fl c
 or
 .Fl C
 options.
 .It 2
 An error occurred.
 .El
 .Sh SEE ALSO
 .Xr comm 1 ,
 .Xr join 1 ,
 .Xr uniq 1
 .Sh STANDARDS
 The
 .Nm
 utility is compliant with the
 .St -p1003.1-2008
 specification.
 .Pp
 The flags
 .Op Fl ghRMSsTVz
 are extensions to the POSIX specification.
 .Pp
 All long options are extensions to the specification, some of them are
 provided for compatibility with GNU versions and some of them are
 own extensions.
 .Pp
 The old key notations
 .Cm \(pl Ns Ar pos1
 and
 .Fl Ns Ar pos2
 come from older versions of
 .Nm
 and are still supported but their use is highly discouraged.
 .Sh HISTORY
 A
 .Nm
 command first appeared in
-.At v3 .
+.At v1 .
 .Sh AUTHORS
 .An Gabor Kovesdan Aq Mt gabor@FreeBSD.org ,
 .Pp
 .An Oleg Moskalenko Aq Mt mom040267@gmail.com
 .Sh NOTES
 This implementation of
 .Nm
 has no limits on input line length (other than imposed by available
 memory) or any restrictions on bytes allowed within lines.
 .Pp
 The performance depends highly on locale settings,
 efficient choice of sort keys and key complexity.
 The fastest sort is with locale C, on whole lines,
 with option
 .Fl s .
 In general, locale C is the fastest, then single-byte
 locales follow and multi-byte locales as the slowest but
 the correct collation order is always respected.
 As for the key specification, the simpler to process the
 lines the faster the search will be.
 .Pp
 When sorting by arithmetic value, using
 .Fl n
 results in much better performance than
 .Fl g
 so its use is encouraged
 whenever possible.