Index: stable/10/lib/libc/sys/brk.2 =================================================================== --- stable/10/lib/libc/sys/brk.2 (revision 334439) +++ stable/10/lib/libc/sys/brk.2 (revision 334440) @@ -1,171 +1,185 @@ .\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993 .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software .\" without specific prior written permission. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" @(#)brk.2 8.4 (Berkeley) 5/1/95 .\" $FreeBSD$ .\" -.Dd July 12, 1999 +.Dd May 24, 2018 .Dt BRK 2 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm brk , .Nm sbrk .Nd change data segment size .Sh LIBRARY .Lb libc .Sh SYNOPSIS -.In sys/types.h .In unistd.h .Ft int .Fn brk "const void *addr" .Ft void * .Fn sbrk "intptr_t incr" .Sh DESCRIPTION .Bf -symbolic The .Fn brk and .Fn sbrk functions are legacy interfaces from before the advent of modern virtual memory management. +They are deprecated and not present on the arm64 or riscv architectures. +The +.Xr mmap 2 +interface should be used to allocate pages instead. .Ef .Pp The .Fn brk and .Fn sbrk functions are used to change the amount of memory allocated in a process's data segment. They do this by moving the location of the .Dq break . The break is the first address after the end of the process's uninitialized data segment (also known as the .Dq BSS ) . .Pp The .Fn brk function sets the break to .Fa addr . .Pp The .Fn sbrk function raises the break by .Fa incr bytes, thus allocating at least .Fa incr bytes of new memory in the data segment. If .Fa incr is negative, the break is lowered by .Fa incr bytes. .Sh NOTES While the actual process data segment size maintained by the kernel will only grow or shrink in page sizes, these functions allow setting the break to unaligned values (i.e., it may point to any address inside the last page of the data segment). .Pp The current value of the program break may be determined by calling .Fn sbrk 0 . See also .Xr end 3 . .Pp The .Xr getrlimit 2 system call may be used to determine the maximum permissible size of the data segment. It will not be possible to set the break beyond .Dq Va etext No + Va rlim.rlim_max where the .Va rlim.rlim_max value is returned from a call to .Fn getrlimit RLIMIT_DATA &rlim . (See .Xr end 3 for the definition of .Va etext ) . .Sh RETURN VALUES .Rv -std brk .Pp The .Fn sbrk function returns the prior break value if successful; otherwise the value .Po Vt "void *" Pc Ns \-1 is returned and the global variable .Va errno is set to indicate the error. .Sh ERRORS The .Fn brk and .Fn sbrk functions will fail if: .Bl -tag -width Er .It Bq Er EINVAL The requested break value was beyond the beginning of the data segment. .It Bq Er ENOMEM The data segment size limit, as set by .Xr setrlimit 2 , was exceeded. .It Bq Er ENOMEM Insufficient space existed in the swap area to support the expansion of the data segment. .El .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr execve 2 , .Xr getrlimit 2 , .Xr mmap 2 , .Xr end 3 , .Xr free 3 , .Xr malloc 3 .Sh HISTORY The .Fn brk function appeared in .At v7 . +.Fx 11.0 +introduced the arm64 and riscv architectures which do not support +.Fn brk +or +.Fn sbrk . .Sh BUGS Mixing .Fn brk or .Fn sbrk with .Xr malloc 3 , .Xr free 3 , or similar functions will result in non-portable program behavior. .Pp Setting the break may fail due to a temporary lack of swap space. It is not possible to distinguish this from a failure caused by exceeding the maximum size of the data segment without consulting .Xr getrlimit 2 . +.Pp +.Fn sbrk +is sometimes used to monitor heap use by calling with an argument of 0. +The result is unlikely to reflect actual utilization in combination with an +.Xr mmap 2 +based malloc. Index: stable/10/lib/libc/sys/getgid.2 =================================================================== --- stable/10/lib/libc/sys/getgid.2 (revision 334439) +++ stable/10/lib/libc/sys/getgid.2 (revision 334440) @@ -1,81 +1,80 @@ .\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software .\" without specific prior written permission. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" @(#)getgid.2 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 .\" $FreeBSD$ .\" -.Dd June 4, 1993 +.Dd December 15, 2015 .Dt GETGID 2 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm getgid , .Nm getegid .Nd get group process identification .Sh LIBRARY .Lb libc .Sh SYNOPSIS -.In sys/types.h .In unistd.h .Ft gid_t .Fn getgid void .Ft gid_t .Fn getegid void .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Fn getgid system call returns the real group ID of the calling process, .Fn getegid returns the effective group ID of the calling process. .Pp The real group ID is specified at login time. .Pp The real group ID is the group of the user who invoked the program. As the effective group ID gives the process additional permissions during the execution of .Dq Em set-group-ID mode processes, .Fn getgid is used to determine the real-user-id of the calling process. .Sh ERRORS The .Fn getgid and .Fn getegid system calls are always successful, and no return value is reserved to indicate an error. .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr getuid 2 , .Xr issetugid 2 , .Xr setgid 2 , .Xr setregid 2 .Sh STANDARDS The .Fn getgid and .Fn getegid system calls are expected to conform to .St -p1003.1-90 . Index: stable/10/lib/libc/sys/getpid.2 =================================================================== --- stable/10/lib/libc/sys/getpid.2 (revision 334439) +++ stable/10/lib/libc/sys/getpid.2 (revision 334440) @@ -1,91 +1,90 @@ .\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993 .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software .\" without specific prior written permission. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" @(#)getpid.2 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 .\" $FreeBSD$ .\" -.Dd November 2, 2006 +.Dd December 15, 2015 .Dt GETPID 2 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm getpid , .Nm getppid .Nd get parent or calling process identification .Sh LIBRARY .Lb libc .Sh SYNOPSIS -.In sys/types.h .In unistd.h .Ft pid_t .Fn getpid void .Ft pid_t .Fn getppid void .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Fn getpid system call returns the process ID of the calling process. Though the ID is guaranteed to be unique, it should .Em NOT be used for constructing temporary file names, for security reasons; see .Xr mkstemp 3 instead. .Pp The .Fn getppid system call returns the process ID of the parent of the calling process. .Sh ERRORS The .Fn getpid and .Fn getppid system calls are always successful, and no return value is reserved to indicate an error. .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr fork 2 , .Xr getpgrp 2 , .Xr kill 2 , .Xr setpgid 2 , .Xr setsid 2 , .Xr exec 3 .Sh STANDARDS The .Fn getpid and .Fn getppid system calls are expected to conform to .St -p1003.1-90 . .Sh HISTORY The .Fn getpid function appeared in .At v7 . Index: stable/10/lib/libc/sys/read.2 =================================================================== --- stable/10/lib/libc/sys/read.2 (revision 334439) +++ stable/10/lib/libc/sys/read.2 (revision 334440) @@ -1,285 +1,284 @@ .\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993 .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software .\" without specific prior written permission. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" @(#)read.2 8.4 (Berkeley) 2/26/94 .\" $FreeBSD$ .\" -.Dd September 11, 2013 +.Dd December 15, 2015 .Dt READ 2 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm read , .Nm readv , .Nm pread , .Nm preadv .Nd read input .Sh LIBRARY .Lb libc .Sh SYNOPSIS -.In sys/types.h .In unistd.h .Ft ssize_t .Fn read "int fd" "void *buf" "size_t nbytes" .Ft ssize_t .Fn pread "int fd" "void *buf" "size_t nbytes" "off_t offset" .In sys/uio.h .Ft ssize_t .Fn readv "int fd" "const struct iovec *iov" "int iovcnt" .Ft ssize_t .Fn preadv "int fd" "const struct iovec *iov" "int iovcnt" "off_t offset" .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Fn read system call attempts to read .Fa nbytes of data from the object referenced by the descriptor .Fa fd into the buffer pointed to by .Fa buf . The .Fn readv system call performs the same action, but scatters the input data into the .Fa iovcnt buffers specified by the members of the .Fa iov array: iov[0], iov[1], ..., iov[iovcnt\|\-\|1]. The .Fn pread and .Fn preadv system calls perform the same functions, but read from the specified position in the file without modifying the file pointer. .Pp For .Fn readv and .Fn preadv , the .Fa iovec structure is defined as: .Pp .Bd -literal -offset indent -compact struct iovec { void *iov_base; /* Base address. */ size_t iov_len; /* Length. */ }; .Ed .Pp Each .Fa iovec entry specifies the base address and length of an area in memory where data should be placed. The .Fn readv system call will always fill an area completely before proceeding to the next. .Pp On objects capable of seeking, the .Fn read starts at a position given by the pointer associated with .Fa fd (see .Xr lseek 2 ) . Upon return from .Fn read , the pointer is incremented by the number of bytes actually read. .Pp Objects that are not capable of seeking always read from the current position. The value of the pointer associated with such an object is undefined. .Pp Upon successful completion, .Fn read , .Fn readv , .Fn pread and .Fn preadv return the number of bytes actually read and placed in the buffer. The system guarantees to read the number of bytes requested if the descriptor references a normal file that has that many bytes left before the end-of-file, but in no other case. .Sh RETURN VALUES If successful, the number of bytes actually read is returned. Upon reading end-of-file, zero is returned. Otherwise, a -1 is returned and the global variable .Va errno is set to indicate the error. .Sh ERRORS The .Fn read , .Fn readv , .Fn pread and .Fn preadv system calls will succeed unless: .Bl -tag -width Er .It Bq Er EBADF The .Fa fd argument is not a valid file or socket descriptor open for reading. .It Bq Er ECONNRESET The .Fa fd argument refers to a socket, and the remote socket end is forcibly closed. .It Bq Er EFAULT The .Fa buf argument points outside the allocated address space. .It Bq Er EIO An I/O error occurred while reading from the file system. .It Bq Er EBUSY Failed to read from a file, e.g. /proc//regs while is not stopped .It Bq Er EINTR A read from a slow device (i.e.\& one that might block for an arbitrary amount of time) was interrupted by the delivery of a signal before any data arrived. .It Bq Er EINVAL The pointer associated with .Fa fd was negative. .It Bq Er EAGAIN The file was marked for non-blocking I/O, and no data were ready to be read. .It Bq Er EISDIR The file descriptor is associated with a directory residing on a file system that does not allow regular read operations on directories (e.g.\& NFS). .It Bq Er EOPNOTSUPP The file descriptor is associated with a file system and file type that do not allow regular read operations on it. .It Bq Er EOVERFLOW The file descriptor is associated with a regular file, .Fa nbytes is greater than 0, .Fa offset is before the end-of-file, and .Fa offset is greater than or equal to the offset maximum established for this file system. .It Bq Er EINVAL The value .Fa nbytes is greater than .Dv INT_MAX . .El .Pp In addition, .Fn readv and .Fn preadv may return one of the following errors: .Bl -tag -width Er .It Bq Er EINVAL The .Fa iovcnt argument was less than or equal to 0, or greater than .Dv IOV_MAX . .It Bq Er EINVAL One of the .Fa iov_len values in the .Fa iov array was negative. .It Bq Er EINVAL The sum of the .Fa iov_len values in the .Fa iov array overflowed a 32-bit integer. .It Bq Er EFAULT Part of the .Fa iov array points outside the process's allocated address space. .El .Pp The .Fn pread and .Fn preadv system calls may also return the following errors: .Bl -tag -width Er .It Bq Er EINVAL The .Fa offset value was negative. .It Bq Er ESPIPE The file descriptor is associated with a pipe, socket, or FIFO. .El .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr dup 2 , .Xr fcntl 2 , .Xr getdirentries 2 , .Xr open 2 , .Xr pipe 2 , .Xr select 2 , .Xr socket 2 , .Xr socketpair 2 , .Xr fread 3 , .Xr readdir 3 .Sh STANDARDS The .Fn read system call is expected to conform to .St -p1003.1-90 . The .Fn readv and .Fn pread system calls are expected to conform to .St -xpg4.2 . .Sh HISTORY The .Fn preadv system call appeared in .Fx 6.0 . The .Fn pread function appeared in .At V.4 . The .Fn readv system call appeared in .Bx 4.2 . The .Fn read function appeared in .At v6 . Index: stable/10/lib/libc/sys/write.2 =================================================================== --- stable/10/lib/libc/sys/write.2 (revision 334439) +++ stable/10/lib/libc/sys/write.2 (revision 334440) @@ -1,286 +1,285 @@ .\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993 .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software .\" without specific prior written permission. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" @(#)write.2 8.5 (Berkeley) 4/2/94 .\" $FreeBSD$ .\" -.Dd September 11, 2013 +.Dd December 15, 2015 .Dt WRITE 2 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm write , .Nm writev , .Nm pwrite , .Nm pwritev .Nd write output .Sh LIBRARY .Lb libc .Sh SYNOPSIS -.In sys/types.h .In unistd.h .Ft ssize_t .Fn write "int fd" "const void *buf" "size_t nbytes" .Ft ssize_t .Fn pwrite "int fd" "const void *buf" "size_t nbytes" "off_t offset" .In sys/uio.h .Ft ssize_t .Fn writev "int fd" "const struct iovec *iov" "int iovcnt" .Ft ssize_t .Fn pwritev "int fd" "const struct iovec *iov" "int iovcnt" "off_t offset" .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Fn write system call attempts to write .Fa nbytes of data to the object referenced by the descriptor .Fa fd from the buffer pointed to by .Fa buf . The .Fn writev system call performs the same action, but gathers the output data from the .Fa iovcnt buffers specified by the members of the .Fa iov array: iov[0], iov[1], ..., iov[iovcnt\|-\|1]. The .Fn pwrite and .Fn pwritev system calls perform the same functions, but write to the specified position in the file without modifying the file pointer. .Pp For .Fn writev and .Fn pwritev , the .Fa iovec structure is defined as: .Pp .Bd -literal -offset indent -compact struct iovec { void *iov_base; /* Base address. */ size_t iov_len; /* Length. */ }; .Ed .Pp Each .Fa iovec entry specifies the base address and length of an area in memory from which data should be written. The .Fn writev system call will always write a complete area before proceeding to the next. .Pp On objects capable of seeking, the .Fn write starts at a position given by the pointer associated with .Fa fd , see .Xr lseek 2 . Upon return from .Fn write , the pointer is incremented by the number of bytes which were written. .Pp Objects that are not capable of seeking always write from the current position. The value of the pointer associated with such an object is undefined. .Pp If the real user is not the super-user, then .Fn write clears the set-user-id bit on a file. This prevents penetration of system security by a user who .Dq captures a writable set-user-id file owned by the super-user. .Pp When using non-blocking I/O on objects such as sockets that are subject to flow control, .Fn write and .Fn writev may write fewer bytes than requested; the return value must be noted, and the remainder of the operation should be retried when possible. .Sh RETURN VALUES Upon successful completion the number of bytes which were written is returned. Otherwise a -1 is returned and the global variable .Va errno is set to indicate the error. .Sh ERRORS The .Fn write , .Fn writev , .Fn pwrite and .Fn pwritev system calls will fail and the file pointer will remain unchanged if: .Bl -tag -width Er .It Bq Er EBADF The .Fa fd argument is not a valid descriptor open for writing. .It Bq Er EPIPE An attempt is made to write to a pipe that is not open for reading by any process. .It Bq Er EPIPE An attempt is made to write to a socket of type .Dv SOCK_STREAM that is not connected to a peer socket. .It Bq Er EFBIG An attempt was made to write a file that exceeds the process's file size limit or the maximum file size. .It Bq Er EFAULT Part of .Fa iov or data to be written to the file points outside the process's allocated address space. .It Bq Er EINVAL The pointer associated with .Fa fd was negative. .It Bq Er ENOSPC There is no free space remaining on the file system containing the file. .It Bq Er EDQUOT The user's quota of disk blocks on the file system containing the file has been exhausted. .It Bq Er EIO An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system. .It Bq Er EINTR A signal interrupted the write before it could be completed. .It Bq Er EAGAIN The file was marked for non-blocking I/O, and no data could be written immediately. .It Bq Er EROFS An attempt was made to write over a disk label area at the beginning of a slice. Use .Xr disklabel 8 .Fl W to enable writing on the disk label area. .It Bq Er EINVAL The value .Fa nbytes is greater than .Dv INT_MAX . .El .Pp In addition, .Fn writev and .Fn pwritev may return one of the following errors: .Bl -tag -width Er .It Bq Er EDESTADDRREQ The destination is no longer available when writing to a .Ux domain datagram socket on which .Xr connect 2 had been used to set a destination address. .It Bq Er EINVAL The .Fa iovcnt argument was less than or equal to 0, or greater than .Dv IOV_MAX . .It Bq Er EINVAL One of the .Fa iov_len values in the .Fa iov array was negative. .It Bq Er EINVAL The sum of the .Fa iov_len values in the .Fa iov array overflowed a 32-bit integer. .It Bq Er ENOBUFS The mbuf pool has been completely exhausted when writing to a socket. .El .Pp The .Fn pwrite and .Fn pwritev system calls may also return the following errors: .Bl -tag -width Er .It Bq Er EINVAL The .Fa offset value was negative. .It Bq Er ESPIPE The file descriptor is associated with a pipe, socket, or FIFO. .El .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr fcntl 2 , .Xr lseek 2 , .Xr open 2 , .Xr pipe 2 , .Xr select 2 .Sh STANDARDS The .Fn write system call is expected to conform to .St -p1003.1-90 . The .Fn writev and .Fn pwrite system calls are expected to conform to .St -xpg4.2 . .Sh HISTORY The .Fn pwritev system call appeared in .Fx 6.0 . The .Fn pwrite function appeared in .At V.4 . The .Fn writev system call appeared in .Bx 4.2 . The .Fn write function appeared in .At v6 . Index: stable/10 =================================================================== --- stable/10 (revision 334439) +++ stable/10 (revision 334440) Property changes on: stable/10 ___________________________________________________________________ Modified: svn:mergeinfo ## -0,0 +0,1 ## Merged /head:r292268,334176