Index: head/sbin/setkey/setkey.8 =================================================================== --- head/sbin/setkey/setkey.8 (revision 306615) +++ head/sbin/setkey/setkey.8 (revision 306616) @@ -1,729 +1,731 @@ .\" $KAME: setkey.8,v 1.89 2003/09/07 22:17:41 itojun Exp $ .\" .\" Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, and 1999 WIDE Project. .\" All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software .\" without specific prior written permission. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" $FreeBSD$ .\" -.Dd July 3, 2015 +.Dd October 3, 2016 .Dt SETKEY 8 .Os .\" .Sh NAME .Nm setkey .Nd "manually manipulate the IPsec SA/SP database" .\" .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl v .Fl c .Nm .Op Fl v .Fl f Ar filename .Nm .Op Fl aPlv .Fl D .Nm .Op Fl Pv .Fl F .Nm .Op Fl h .Fl x .\" .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Nm utility adds, updates, dumps, or flushes Security Association Database (SAD) entries as well as Security Policy Database (SPD) entries in the kernel. .Pp The .Nm utility takes a series of operations from the standard input (if invoked with .Fl c ) or the file named .Ar filename (if invoked with .Fl f Ar filename ) . .Bl -tag -width indent .It Fl D Dump the SAD entries. If with .Fl P , the SPD entries are dumped. .It Fl F Flush the SAD entries. If with .Fl P , the SPD entries are flushed. .It Fl a The .Nm utility usually does not display dead SAD entries with .Fl D . If with .Fl a , the dead SAD entries will be displayed as well. A dead SAD entry means that it has been expired but remains in the system because it is referenced by some SPD entries. .It Fl h Add hexadecimal dump on .Fl x mode. .It Fl l Loop forever with short output on .Fl D . .It Fl v Be verbose. The program will dump messages exchanged on .Dv PF_KEY socket, including messages sent from other processes to the kernel. .It Fl x Loop forever and dump all the messages transmitted to .Dv PF_KEY socket. .Fl xx makes each timestamp unformatted. .El .Ss Configuration syntax With .Fl c or .Fl f on the command line, .Nm accepts the following configuration syntax. Lines starting with hash signs .Pq Ql # are treated as comment lines. .Bl -tag -width indent .It Xo .Li add .Op Fl 46n .Ar src Ar dst Ar protocol Ar spi .Op Ar extensions .Ar algorithm ... .Li \&; .Xc Add an SAD entry. .Li add can fail with multiple reasons, including when the key length does not match the specified algorithm. .\" .It Xo .Li get .Op Fl 46n .Ar src Ar dst Ar protocol Ar spi .Li \&; .Xc Show an SAD entry. .\" .It Xo .Li delete .Op Fl 46n .Ar src Ar dst Ar protocol Ar spi .Li \&; .Xc Remove an SAD entry. .\" .It Xo .Li deleteall .Op Fl 46n .Ar src Ar dst Ar protocol .Li \&; .Xc Remove all SAD entries that match the specification. .\" .It Xo .Li flush .Op Ar protocol .Li \&; .Xc Clear all SAD entries matched by the options. .Fl F on the command line achieves the same functionality. .\" .It Xo .Li dump .Op Ar protocol .Li \&; .Xc Dumps all SAD entries matched by the options. .Fl D on the command line achieves the same functionality. .\" .It Xo .Li spdadd .Op Fl 46n .Ar src_range Ar dst_range Ar upperspec Ar policy .Li \&; .Xc Add an SPD entry. .\" .It Xo .Li spddelete .Op Fl 46n .Ar src_range Ar dst_range Ar upperspec Fl P Ar direction .Li \&; .Xc Delete an SPD entry. .\" .It Xo .Li spdflush .Li \&; .Xc Clear all SPD entries. .Fl FP on the command line achieves the same functionality. .\" .It Xo .Li spddump .Li \&; .Xc Dumps all SPD entries. .Fl DP on the command line achieves the same functionality. .El .\" .Pp Meta-arguments are as follows: .Pp .Bl -tag -compact -width indent .It Ar src .It Ar dst Source/destination of the secure communication is specified as IPv4/v6 address. The .Nm utility can resolve a FQDN into numeric addresses. If the FQDN resolves into multiple addresses, .Nm will install multiple SAD/SPD entries into the kernel by trying all possible combinations. .Fl 4 , .Fl 6 and .Fl n restricts the address resolution of FQDN in certain ways. .Fl 4 and .Fl 6 restrict results into IPv4/v6 addresses only, respectively. .Fl n avoids FQDN resolution and requires addresses to be numeric addresses. .\" .Pp .It Ar protocol .Ar protocol is one of following: .Bl -tag -width Fl -compact .It Li esp ESP based on rfc2406 .It Li esp-old ESP based on rfc1827 .It Li ah AH based on rfc2402 .It Li ah-old AH based on rfc1826 .It Li ipcomp IPComp .It Li tcp TCP-MD5 based on rfc2385 .El .\" .Pp .It Ar spi Security Parameter Index (SPI) for the SAD and the SPD. .Ar spi must be a decimal number, or a hexadecimal number with .Ql 0x prefix. SPI values between 0 and 255 are reserved for future use by IANA and they cannot be used. TCP-MD5 associations must use 0x1000 and therefore only have per-host granularity at this time. .\" .Pp .It Ar extensions take some of the following: .Bl -tag -width Fl -compact .\" .It Fl m Ar mode Specify a security protocol mode for use. .Ar mode is one of following: .Li transport , tunnel or .Li any . The default value is .Li any . .\" .It Fl r Ar size Specify window size of bytes for replay prevention. .Ar size must be decimal number in 32-bit word. If .Ar size is zero or not specified, replay check does not take place. .\" .It Fl u Ar id Specify the identifier of the policy entry in SPD. See .Ar policy . .\" .It Fl f Ar pad_option defines the content of the ESP padding. .Ar pad_option is one of following: .Bl -tag -width random-pad -compact .It Li zero-pad All of the padding are zero. .It Li random-pad A series of randomized values are set. .It Li seq-pad A series of sequential increasing numbers started from 1 are set. .El .\" .It Fl f Li nocyclic-seq Do not allow cyclic sequence number. .\" .It Fl lh Ar time .It Fl ls Ar time Specify hard/soft life time duration of the SA. .El .\" .Pp .It Ar algorithm .Bl -tag -width Fl -compact .It Fl E Ar ealgo Ar key Specify an encryption algorithm .Ar ealgo for ESP. .It Xo .Fl E Ar ealgo Ar key .Fl A Ar aalgo Ar key .Xc Specify a encryption algorithm .Ar ealgo , as well as a payload authentication algorithm .Ar aalgo , for ESP. .It Fl A Ar aalgo Ar key Specify an authentication algorithm for AH. .It Fl C Ar calgo Op Fl R Specify a compression algorithm for IPComp. If .Fl R is specified, the .Ar spi field value will be used as the IPComp CPI (compression parameter index) on wire as is. If .Fl R is not specified, the kernel will use well-known CPI on wire, and .Ar spi field will be used only as an index for kernel internal usage. .El .Pp .Ar key must be double-quoted character string, or a series of hexadecimal digits preceded by .Ql 0x . .Pp Possible values for .Ar ealgo , .Ar aalgo and .Ar calgo are specified in separate section. .\" .Pp .It Ar src_range .It Ar dst_range These are selections of the secure communication specified as IPv4/v6 address or IPv4/v6 address range, and it may accompany TCP/UDP port specification. This takes the following form: .Bd -unfilled .Ar address .Ar address/prefixlen .Ar address[port] .Ar address/prefixlen[port] .Ed .Pp .Ar prefixlen and .Ar port must be a decimal number. The square brackets around .Ar port are necessary and are not manpage metacharacters. For FQDN resolution, the rules applicable to .Ar src and .Ar dst apply here as well. .\" .Pp .It Ar upperspec The upper layer protocol to be used. You can use one of the words in .Pa /etc/protocols as .Ar upperspec , as well as .Li icmp6 , .Li ip4 , or .Li any . The word .Li any stands for .Dq any protocol . The protocol number may also be used to specify the .Ar upperspec . A type and code related to ICMPv6 may also be specified as an .Ar upperspec . The type is specified first, followed by a comma and then the relevant code. The specification must be placed after .Li icmp6 . The kernel considers a zero to be a wildcard but cannot distinguish between a wildcard and an ICMPv6 type which is zero. The following example shows a policy where IPSec is not required for inbound Neighbor Solicitations: .Pp .Dl "spdadd ::/0 ::/0 icmp6 135,0 -P in none;" .Pp NOTE: .Ar upperspec does not work in the forwarding case at this moment, as it requires extra reassembly at forwarding node, which is not implemented at this moment. Although there are many protocols in .Pa /etc/protocols , protocols other than TCP, UDP and ICMP may not be suitable to use with IPsec. .\" .Pp .It Ar policy .Ar policy is expressed in one of the following three formats: .Pp .Bl -tag -width 2n -compact .It Fl P Ar direction Li discard .It Fl P Ar direction Li none .It Xo Fl P Ar direction Li ipsec .Ar protocol/mode/src-dst/level Op ... .Xc .El .Pp The direction of a policy must be specified as one of: .Li out , .Li in , .Li discard , .Li none , or .Li ipsec . The .Li discard direction means that packets matching the supplied indices will be discarded while .Li none means that IPsec operations will not take place on the packet and .Li ipsec means that IPsec operation will take place onto the packet. The .Ar protocol/mode/src-dst/level statement gives the rule for how to process the packet. The .Ar protocol is specified as .Li ah , .Li esp or .Li ipcomp . The .Ar mode is either .Li transport or .Li tunnel . If .Ar mode is .Li tunnel , you must specify the end-point addresses of the SA as .Ar src and .Ar dst with a dash, .Sq - , between the addresses. If .Ar mode is .Li transport , both .Ar src and .Ar dst can be omitted. The .Ar level is one of the following: .Li default , use , require or .Li unique . If the SA is not available in every level, the kernel will request the SA from the key exchange daemon. A value of .Li default tells the kernel to use the system wide default protocol e.g.,\& the one from the .Li esp_trans_deflev sysctl variable, when the kernel processes the packet. A value of .Li use means that the kernel will use an SA if it is available, otherwise the kernel will pass the packet as it would normally. A value of .Li require means that an SA is required whenever the kernel sends a packet matched that matches the policy. The .Li unique level is the same as .Li require but, in addition, it allows the policy to bind with the unique out-bound SA. For example, if you specify the policy level .Li unique , .Xr racoon 8 will configure the SA for the policy. If you configure the SA by manual keying for that policy, you can put the decimal number as the policy identifier after .Li unique separated by colon .Ql :\& as in the following example: .Li unique:number . In order to bind this policy to the SA, .Li number must be between 1 and 32767, which corresponds to .Ar extensions Fl u of manual SA configuration. .Pp When you want to use an SA bundle, you can define multiple rules. For example, if an IP header was followed by an AH header followed by an ESP header followed by an upper layer protocol header, the rule would be: .Pp .Dl esp/transport//require ah/transport//require ; .Pp The rule order is very important. .Pp Note that .Dq Li discard and .Dq Li none are not in the syntax described in .Xr ipsec_set_policy 3 . There are small, but important, differences in the syntax. See .Xr ipsec_set_policy 3 for details. .El .\" .Sh ALGORITHMS The following list shows the supported algorithms. The .Sy protocol and .Sy algorithm are almost completely orthogonal. The following list of authentication algorithms can be used as .Ar aalgo in the .Fl A Ar aalgo of the .Ar protocol parameter: .Bd -literal -offset indent algorithm keylen (bits) comment hmac-md5 128 ah: rfc2403 128 ah-old: rfc2085 hmac-sha1 160 ah: rfc2404 160 ah-old: 128bit ICV (no document) keyed-md5 128 ah: 96bit ICV (no document) 128 ah-old: rfc1828 keyed-sha1 160 ah: 96bit ICV (no document) 160 ah-old: 128bit ICV (no document) null 0 to 2048 for debugging hmac-sha2-256 256 ah: 96bit ICV (draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00) 256 ah-old: 128bit ICV (no document) hmac-sha2-384 384 ah: 96bit ICV (no document) 384 ah-old: 128bit ICV (no document) hmac-sha2-512 512 ah: 96bit ICV (no document) 512 ah-old: 128bit ICV (no document) hmac-ripemd160 160 ah: 96bit ICV (RFC2857) ah-old: 128bit ICV (no document) aes-xcbc-mac 128 ah: 96bit ICV (RFC3566) 128 ah-old: 128bit ICV (no document) tcp-md5 8 to 640 tcp: rfc2385 .Ed .Pp The following is the list of encryption algorithms that can be used as the .Ar ealgo in the .Fl E Ar ealgo of the .Ar protocol parameter: .Bd -literal -offset indent algorithm keylen (bits) comment des-cbc 64 esp-old: rfc1829, esp: rfc2405 3des-cbc 192 rfc2451 null 0 to 2048 rfc2410 blowfish-cbc 40 to 448 rfc2451 cast128-cbc 40 to 128 rfc2451 des-deriv 64 ipsec-ciph-des-derived-01 rijndael-cbc 128/192/256 rfc3602 aes-ctr 160/224/288 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-aes-ctr-03 aes-gcm-16 160/224/288 rfc4106 camellia-cbc 128/192/256 rfc4312 .Ed .Pp Note that the first 128/192/256 bits of a key for .Li aes-ctr or aes-gcm-16 will be used as AES key, and remaining 32 bits will be used as nonce. .Pp The following are the list of compression algorithms that can be used as the .Ar calgo in the .Fl C Ar calgo of the .Ar protocol parameter: .Bd -literal -offset indent algorithm comment deflate rfc2394 .Ed .\" .Sh EXIT STATUS .Ex -std .\" .Sh EXAMPLES Add an ESP SA between two IPv6 addresses using the des-cbc encryption algorithm. .Bd -literal -offset indent add 3ffe:501:4819::1 3ffe:501:481d::1 esp 123457 -E des-cbc 0x3ffe05014819ffff ; .Pp .Ed .\" Add an authentication SA between two FQDN specified hosts: .Bd -literal -offset indent add -6 myhost.example.com yourhost.example.com ah 123456 -A hmac-sha1 "AH SA configuration!" ; .Pp .Ed Use both ESP and AH between two numerically specified hosts: .Bd -literal -offset indent add 10.0.11.41 10.0.11.33 esp 0x10001 -E des-cbc 0x3ffe05014819ffff -A hmac-md5 "authentication!!" ; .Pp .Ed Get the SA information associated with first example above: .Bd -literal -offset indent get 3ffe:501:4819::1 3ffe:501:481d::1 ah 123456 ; .Pp .Ed Flush all entries from the database: .Bd -literal -offset indent flush ; .Pp .Ed Dump the ESP entries from the database: .Bd -literal -offset indent dump esp ; .Pp .Ed Add a security policy between two networks that uses ESP in tunnel mode: .Bd -literal -offset indent spdadd 10.0.11.41/32[21] 10.0.11.33/32[any] any -P out ipsec esp/tunnel/192.168.0.1-192.168.1.2/require ; .Pp .Ed Use TCP MD5 between two numerically specified hosts: .Bd -literal -offset indent add 10.1.10.34 10.1.10.36 tcp 0x1000 -A tcp-md5 "TCP-MD5 BGP secret" ; .Ed .\" .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr ipsec_set_policy 3 , .Xr racoon 8 , .Xr sysctl 8 .Rs .%T "Changed manual key configuration for IPsec" .%U http://www.kame.net/newsletter/19991007/ .%D "October 1999" .Re .\" .Sh HISTORY The .Nm utility first appeared in WIDE Hydrangea IPv6 protocol stack kit. The utility was completely re-designed in June 1998. +It first appeared in +.Fx 4.0 . .\" .Sh BUGS The .Nm utility should report and handle syntax errors better. .Pp For IPsec gateway configuration, .Ar src_range and .Ar dst_range with TCP/UDP port number do not work, as the gateway does not reassemble packets (cannot inspect upper-layer headers).