Index: stable/10/contrib/traceroute/traceroute.8 =================================================================== --- stable/10/contrib/traceroute/traceroute.8 (revision 283957) +++ stable/10/contrib/traceroute/traceroute.8 (revision 283958) @@ -1,395 +1,398 @@ .\" Copyright (c) 1989, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000 .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted .\" provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are .\" duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation, .\" advertising materials, and other materials related to such .\" distribution and use acknowledge that the software was developed .\" by the University of California, Berkeley. The name of the .\" University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived .\" from this software without specific prior written permission. .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED .\" WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. .\" .\" $Id: traceroute.8,v 1.19 2000/09/21 08:44:19 leres Exp $ .\" $FreeBSD$ .\" -.Dd June 19, 2012 +.Dd May 31, 2015 .Dt TRACEROUTE 8 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm traceroute .Nd "print the route packets take to network host" .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Bk -words .Op Fl adDeFISnrvx .Op Fl f Ar first_ttl .Op Fl g Ar gateway .Op Fl M Ar first_ttl .Op Fl m Ar max_ttl .Op Fl P Ar proto .Op Fl p Ar port .Op Fl q Ar nqueries .Op Fl s Ar src_addr .Op Fl t Ar tos .Op Fl w Ar waittime .Op Fl A Ar as_server .Op Fl z Ar pausemsecs .Ar host .Op Ar packetlen .Ek .Sh DESCRIPTION The Internet is a large and complex aggregation of network hardware, connected together by gateways. Tracking the route one's packets follow (or finding the miscreant gateway that's discarding your packets) can be difficult. .Nm utilizes the IP protocol `time to live' field and attempts to elicit an ICMP TIME_EXCEEDED response from each gateway along the path to some host. .Pp The only mandatory parameter is the destination host name or IP number. The default probe datagram length is 40 bytes, but this may be increased by specifying a packet length (in bytes) after the destination host name. .Pp Other options are: .Bl -tag -width Ds .It Fl a Turn on AS# lookups for each hop encountered. .It Fl A Ar as_server Turn on AS# lookups and use the given server instead of the default. .It Fl e Firewall evasion mode. -Use fixed destination ports for UDP and TCP probes. +Use fixed destination ports for UDP, UDP-Lite, TCP and SCTP probes. The destination port does NOT increment with each packet sent. .It Fl f Ar first_ttl Set the initial time-to-live used in the first outgoing probe packet. .It Fl F Set the "don't fragment" bit. .It Fl d Enable socket level debugging. .It Fl D When an ICMP response to our probe datagram is received, print the differences between the transmitted packet and the packet quoted by the ICMP response. A key showing the location of fields within the transmitted packet is printed, followed by the original packet in hex, followed by the quoted packet in hex. Bytes that are unchanged in the quoted packet are shown as underscores. Note, the IP checksum and the TTL of the quoted packet are not expected to match. By default, only one probe per hop is sent with this option. .It Fl g Ar gateway Specify a loose source route gateway (8 maximum). .It Fl i Ar iface Specify a network interface to obtain the source IP address for outgoing probe packets. This is normally only useful on a multi-homed host. (See the .Fl s flag for another way to do this.) .It Fl I Use ICMP ECHO instead of UDP datagrams. (A synonym for "-P icmp"). .It Fl M Ar first_ttl Set the initial time-to-live value used in outgoing probe packets. The default is 1, i.e., start with the first hop. .It Fl m Ar max_ttl Set the max time-to-live (max number of hops) used in outgoing probe packets. The default is the value of the .Va net.inet.ip.ttl .Xr sysctl 8 (the same default used for TCP connections). .It Fl n Print hop addresses numerically rather than symbolically and numerically (saves a nameserver address-to-name lookup for each gateway found on the path). .It Fl P Ar proto Send packets of specified IP protocol. The currently supported protocols -are: UDP, TCP, GRE and ICMP. Other protocols may also be specified (either by -name or by number), though +are: UDP, UDP-Lite, TCP, SCTP, GRE and ICMP. Other protocols may also be +specified (either by name or by number), though .Nm does not implement any special knowledge of their packet formats. This option is useful for determining which router along a path may be blocking packets based on IP protocol number. But see BUGS below. .It Fl p Ar port -Protocol specific. For UDP and TCP, sets +Protocol specific. For UDP, UDP-Lite, TCP and SCTP, sets the base .Ar port number used in probes (default is 33434). -Traceroute hopes that nothing is listening on UDP ports -.Em base +Traceroute hopes that nothing is listening on UDP ports (or UDP-Lite ports +if used by +.Nm +and supported by the peer) +.Em base + 1 to -.Em base + nhops * nprobes - 1 +.Em base + nhops * nprobes at the destination host (so an ICMP PORT_UNREACHABLE message will be returned to terminate the route tracing). If something is listening on a port in the default range, this option can be used to pick an unused port range. .It Fl q Ar nqueries Set the number of probes per hop (default is 3, unless .Fl D is specified, when it is 1). .It Fl r Bypass the normal routing tables and send directly to a host on an attached network. If the host is not on a directly-attached network, an error is returned. This option can be used to ping a local host through an interface that has no route through it (e.g., after the interface was dropped by .Xr routed 8 . .It Fl s Ar src_addr Use the following IP address (which usually is given as an IP number, not a hostname) as the source address in outgoing probe packets. On multi-homed hosts (those with more than one IP address), this option can be used to force the source address to be something other than the IP address of the interface the probe packet is sent on. If the IP address is not one of this machine's interface addresses, an error is returned and nothing is sent. (See the .Fl i flag for another way to do this.) .It Fl S Print a summary of how many probes were not answered for each hop. .It Fl t Ar tos Set the .Em type-of-service in probe packets to the following value (default zero). The value must be a decimal integer in the range 0 to 255. This option can be used to see if different types-of-service result in different paths. (If you are not running 4.4bsd, this may be academic since the normal network services like telnet and ftp don't let you control the TOS). Not all values of TOS are legal or meaningful \- see the IP spec for definitions. Useful values are probably .Fl t Ar 16 (low delay) and .Fl t Ar 8 (high throughput). .It Fl v Verbose output. Received ICMP packets other than .Dv TIME_EXCEEDED and .Dv UNREACHABLE Ns s are listed. .It Fl w Ar waittime Set the time (in seconds) to wait for a response to a probe (default 5 sec.). .It Fl x Toggle ip checksums. Normally, this prevents traceroute from calculating ip checksums. In some cases, the operating system can overwrite parts of the outgoing packet but not recalculate the checksum (so in some cases the default is to not calculate checksums and using .Fl x causes them to be calculated). Note that checksums are usually required for the last hop when using ICMP ECHO probes .Pq Fl I . So they are always calculated when using ICMP. .It Fl z Ar pausemsecs Set the time (in milliseconds) to pause between probes (default 0). Some systems such as Solaris and routers such as Ciscos rate limit icmp messages. A good value to use with this this is 500 (e.g. 1/2 second). .El .Pp This program attempts to trace the route an IP packet would follow to some internet host by launching UDP probe packets with a small ttl (time to live) then listening for an ICMP "time exceeded" reply from a gateway. We start our probes with a ttl of one and increase by one until we get an ICMP "port unreachable" (which means we got to "host") or hit a max (which defaults to the amount of hops specified by the .Va net.inet.ip.ttl .Xr sysctl 8 and can be changed with the .Fl m flag). Three probes (change with .Fl q flag) are sent at each ttl setting and a line is printed showing the ttl, address of the gateway and round trip time of each probe. If the probe answers come from different gateways, the address of each responding system will be printed. If there is no response within a 5 sec. timeout interval (changed with the .Fl w flag), a "*" is printed for that probe. .Pp We don't want the destination host to process the UDP probe packets so the destination port is set to an unlikely value (if some clod on the destination is using that value, it can be changed with the .Fl p flag). .Pp A sample use and output might be: .Bd -literal -offset 4n % traceroute nis.nsf.net. traceroute to nis.nsf.net (35.1.1.48), 64 hops max, 38 byte packet 1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 19 ms 19 ms 0 ms 2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 39 ms 19 ms 3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 39 ms 19 ms 4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 39 ms 40 ms 39 ms 5 ccn-nerif22.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.22) 39 ms 39 ms 39 ms 6 128.32.197.4 (128.32.197.4) 40 ms 59 ms 59 ms 7 131.119.2.5 (131.119.2.5) 59 ms 59 ms 59 ms 8 129.140.70.13 (129.140.70.13) 99 ms 99 ms 80 ms 9 129.140.71.6 (129.140.71.6) 139 ms 239 ms 319 ms 10 129.140.81.7 (129.140.81.7) 220 ms 199 ms 199 ms 11 nic.merit.edu (35.1.1.48) 239 ms 239 ms 239 ms .Ed .Pp Note that lines 2 & 3 are the same. This is due to a buggy kernel on the 2nd hop system \- lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU \- that forwards packets with a zero ttl (a bug in the distributed version of 4.3BSD). Note that you have to guess what path the packets are taking cross-country since the NSFNet (129.140) doesn't supply address-to-name translations for its NSSes. .Pp A more interesting example is: .Bd -literal -offset 4n % traceroute allspice.lcs.mit.edu. traceroute to allspice.lcs.mit.edu (18.26.0.115), 64 hops max 1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 0 ms 0 ms 0 ms 2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 19 ms 19 ms 19 ms 3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 19 ms 19 ms 4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 19 ms 39 ms 39 ms 5 ccn-nerif22.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.22) 20 ms 39 ms 39 ms 6 128.32.197.4 (128.32.197.4) 59 ms 119 ms 39 ms 7 131.119.2.5 (131.119.2.5) 59 ms 59 ms 39 ms 8 129.140.70.13 (129.140.70.13) 80 ms 79 ms 99 ms 9 129.140.71.6 (129.140.71.6) 139 ms 139 ms 159 ms 10 129.140.81.7 (129.140.81.7) 199 ms 180 ms 300 ms 11 129.140.72.17 (129.140.72.17) 300 ms 239 ms 239 ms 12 * * * 13 128.121.54.72 (128.121.54.72) 259 ms 499 ms 279 ms 14 * * * 15 * * * 16 * * * 17 * * * 18 ALLSPICE.LCS.MIT.EDU (18.26.0.115) 339 ms 279 ms 279 ms .Ed .Pp Note that the gateways 12, 14, 15, 16 & 17 hops away either don't send ICMP "time exceeded" messages or send them with a ttl too small to reach us. 14 \- 17 are running the MIT C Gateway code that doesn't send "time exceeded"s. God only knows what's going on with 12. .Pp The silent gateway 12 in the above may be the result of a bug in the 4.[23]BSD network code (and its derivatives): 4.x (x <= 3) sends an unreachable message using whatever ttl remains in the original datagram. Since, for gateways, the remaining ttl is zero, the ICMP "time exceeded" is guaranteed to not make it back to us. The behavior of this bug is slightly more interesting when it appears on the destination system: .Bd -literal -offset 4n 1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 0 ms 0 ms 0 ms 2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 19 ms 39 ms 3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 19 ms 39 ms 19 ms 4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 39 ms 40 ms 19 ms 5 ccn-nerif35.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.35) 39 ms 39 ms 39 ms 6 csgw.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.133.254) 39 ms 59 ms 39 ms 7 * * * 8 * * * 9 * * * 10 * * * 11 * * * 12 * * * 13 rip.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.131.22) 59 ms ! 39 ms ! 39 ms ! .Ed .Pp Notice that there are 12 "gateways" (13 is the final destination) and exactly the last half of them are "missing". What's really happening is that rip (a Sun-3 running Sun OS3.5) is using the ttl from our arriving datagram as the ttl in its ICMP reply. So, the reply will time out on the return path (with no notice sent to anyone since ICMP's aren't sent for ICMP's) until we probe with a ttl that's at least twice the path length. I.e., rip is really only 7 hops away. A reply that returns with a ttl of 1 is a clue this problem exists. Traceroute prints a "!" after the time if the ttl is <= 1. Since vendors ship a lot of obsolete .Pf ( Tn DEC Ns \'s Ultrix, Sun 3.x) or non-standard .Pq Tn HP-UX software, expect to see this problem frequently and/or take care picking the target host of your probes. .Pp Other possible annotations after the time are: .Bl -hang -offset indent -width 12n .It Sy !H Host unreachable. .It Sy !N Network unreachable. .It Sy !P Protocol unreachable. .It Sy !S Source route failed. .It Sy !F\- Fragmentation needed. The RFC1191 Path MTU Discovery value is displayed. .It Sy !U Destination network unknown. .It Sy !W Destination host unknown. .It Sy !I Source host is isolated. .It Sy !A Communication with destination network administratively prohibited. .It Sy !Z Communication with destination host administratively prohibited. .It Sy !Q For this ToS the destination network is unreachable. .It Sy !T For this ToS the destination host is unreachable. .It Sy !X Communication administratively prohibited. .It Sy !V Host precedence violation. .It Sy !C Precedence cutoff in effect. .It Sy ! ICMP unreachable code . .El .Pp These are defined by RFC1812 (which supersedes RFC1716). If almost all the probes result in some kind of unreachable, .Nm will give up and exit. .Pp This program is intended for use in network testing, measurement and management. It should be used primarily for manual fault isolation. Because of the load it could impose on the network, it is unwise to use .Nm during normal operations or from automated scripts. .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr netstat 1 , .Xr ping 8 , .Xr ping6 8 , .Xr traceroute6 8 . .Sh AUTHORS Implemented by Van Jacobson from a suggestion by Steve Deering. Debugged by a cast of thousands with particularly cogent suggestions or fixes from C. Philip Wood, Tim Seaver and Ken Adelman. .Sh BUGS When using protocols other than UDP, functionality is reduced. In particular, the last packet will often appear to be lost, because even though it reaches the destination host, there's no way to know that because no ICMP message is sent back. In the TCP case, .Nm should listen for a RST from the destination host (or an intermediate router that's filtering packets), but this is not implemented yet. .Pp The AS number capability reports information that may sometimes be inaccurate due to discrepancies between the contents of the routing database server and the current state of the Internet. Index: stable/10/contrib/traceroute/traceroute.c =================================================================== --- stable/10/contrib/traceroute/traceroute.c (revision 283957) +++ stable/10/contrib/traceroute/traceroute.c (revision 283958) @@ -1,1792 +1,1981 @@ /* * Copyright (c) 1988, 1989, 1991, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that: (1) source code distributions * retain the above copyright notice and this paragraph in its entirety, (2) * distributions including binary code include the above copyright notice and * this paragraph in its entirety in the documentation or other materials * provided with the distribution, and (3) all advertising materials mentioning * features or use of this software display the following acknowledgement: * ``This product includes software developed by the University of California, * Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and its contributors.'' Neither the name of * the University nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse * or promote products derived from this software without specific prior * written permission. * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. */ #ifndef lint static const char copyright[] = "@(#) Copyright (c) 1988, 1989, 1991, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000\n\ The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; #if 0 static const char rcsid[] = "@(#)$Id: traceroute.c,v 1.68 2000/12/14 08:04:33 leres Exp $ (LBL)"; #endif static const char rcsid[] = "$FreeBSD$"; #endif /* * traceroute host - trace the route ip packets follow going to "host". * * Attempt to trace the route an ip packet would follow to some * internet host. We find out intermediate hops by launching probe * packets with a small ttl (time to live) then listening for an * icmp "time exceeded" reply from a gateway. We start our probes * with a ttl of one and increase by one until we get an icmp "port * unreachable" (which means we got to "host") or hit a max (which * defaults to net.inet.ip.ttl hops & can be changed with the -m flag). * Three probes (change with -q flag) are sent at each ttl setting and * a line is printed showing the ttl, address of the gateway and * round trip time of each probe. If the probe answers come from * different gateways, the address of each responding system will * be printed. If there is no response within a 5 sec. timeout * interval (changed with the -w flag), a "*" is printed for that * probe. * * Probe packets are UDP format. We don't want the destination * host to process them so the destination port is set to an * unlikely value (if some clod on the destination is using that * value, it can be changed with the -p flag). * * A sample use might be: * * [yak 71]% traceroute nis.nsf.net. * traceroute to nis.nsf.net (35.1.1.48), 64 hops max, 56 byte packet * 1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 19 ms 19 ms 0 ms * 2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 39 ms 19 ms * 3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 39 ms 19 ms * 4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 39 ms 40 ms 39 ms * 5 ccn-nerif22.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.22) 39 ms 39 ms 39 ms * 6 128.32.197.4 (128.32.197.4) 40 ms 59 ms 59 ms * 7 131.119.2.5 (131.119.2.5) 59 ms 59 ms 59 ms * 8 129.140.70.13 (129.140.70.13) 99 ms 99 ms 80 ms * 9 129.140.71.6 (129.140.71.6) 139 ms 239 ms 319 ms * 10 129.140.81.7 (129.140.81.7) 220 ms 199 ms 199 ms * 11 nic.merit.edu (35.1.1.48) 239 ms 239 ms 239 ms * * Note that lines 2 & 3 are the same. This is due to a buggy * kernel on the 2nd hop system -- lbl-csam.arpa -- that forwards * packets with a zero ttl. * * A more interesting example is: * * [yak 72]% traceroute allspice.lcs.mit.edu. * traceroute to allspice.lcs.mit.edu (18.26.0.115), 64 hops max * 1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 0 ms 0 ms 0 ms * 2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 19 ms 19 ms 19 ms * 3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 19 ms 19 ms * 4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 19 ms 39 ms 39 ms * 5 ccn-nerif22.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.22) 20 ms 39 ms 39 ms * 6 128.32.197.4 (128.32.197.4) 59 ms 119 ms 39 ms * 7 131.119.2.5 (131.119.2.5) 59 ms 59 ms 39 ms * 8 129.140.70.13 (129.140.70.13) 80 ms 79 ms 99 ms * 9 129.140.71.6 (129.140.71.6) 139 ms 139 ms 159 ms * 10 129.140.81.7 (129.140.81.7) 199 ms 180 ms 300 ms * 11 129.140.72.17 (129.140.72.17) 300 ms 239 ms 239 ms * 12 * * * * 13 128.121.54.72 (128.121.54.72) 259 ms 499 ms 279 ms * 14 * * * * 15 * * * * 16 * * * * 17 * * * * 18 ALLSPICE.LCS.MIT.EDU (18.26.0.115) 339 ms 279 ms 279 ms * * (I start to see why I'm having so much trouble with mail to * MIT.) Note that the gateways 12, 14, 15, 16 & 17 hops away * either don't send ICMP "time exceeded" messages or send them * with a ttl too small to reach us. 14 - 17 are running the * MIT C Gateway code that doesn't send "time exceeded"s. God * only knows what's going on with 12. * * The silent gateway 12 in the above may be the result of a bug in * the 4.[23]BSD network code (and its derivatives): 4.x (x <= 3) * sends an unreachable message using whatever ttl remains in the * original datagram. Since, for gateways, the remaining ttl is * zero, the icmp "time exceeded" is guaranteed to not make it back * to us. The behavior of this bug is slightly more interesting * when it appears on the destination system: * * 1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 0 ms 0 ms 0 ms * 2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 19 ms 39 ms * 3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 19 ms 39 ms 19 ms * 4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 39 ms 40 ms 19 ms * 5 ccn-nerif35.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.35) 39 ms 39 ms 39 ms * 6 csgw.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.133.254) 39 ms 59 ms 39 ms * 7 * * * * 8 * * * * 9 * * * * 10 * * * * 11 * * * * 12 * * * * 13 rip.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.131.22) 59 ms ! 39 ms ! 39 ms ! * * Notice that there are 12 "gateways" (13 is the final * destination) and exactly the last half of them are "missing". * What's really happening is that rip (a Sun-3 running Sun OS3.5) * is using the ttl from our arriving datagram as the ttl in its * icmp reply. So, the reply will time out on the return path * (with no notice sent to anyone since icmp's aren't sent for * icmp's) until we probe with a ttl that's at least twice the path * length. I.e., rip is really only 7 hops away. A reply that * returns with a ttl of 1 is a clue this problem exists. * Traceroute prints a "!" after the time if the ttl is <= 1. * Since vendors ship a lot of obsolete (DEC's Ultrix, Sun 3.x) or * non-standard (HPUX) software, expect to see this problem * frequently and/or take care picking the target host of your * probes. * * Other possible annotations after the time are !H, !N, !P (got a host, * network or protocol unreachable, respectively), !S or !F (source * route failed or fragmentation needed -- neither of these should * ever occur and the associated gateway is busted if you see one). If * almost all the probes result in some kind of unreachable, traceroute * will give up and exit. * * Notes * ----- * This program must be run by root or be setuid. (I suggest that * you *don't* make it setuid -- casual use could result in a lot * of unnecessary traffic on our poor, congested nets.) * * This program requires a kernel mod that does not appear in any * system available from Berkeley: A raw ip socket using proto * IPPROTO_RAW must interpret the data sent as an ip datagram (as * opposed to data to be wrapped in a ip datagram). See the README * file that came with the source to this program for a description * of the mods I made to /sys/netinet/raw_ip.c. Your mileage may * vary. But, again, ANY 4.x (x < 4) BSD KERNEL WILL HAVE TO BE * MODIFIED TO RUN THIS PROGRAM. * * The udp port usage may appear bizarre (well, ok, it is bizarre). * The problem is that an icmp message only contains 8 bytes of * data from the original datagram. 8 bytes is the size of a udp * header so, if we want to associate replies with the original * datagram, the necessary information must be encoded into the * udp header (the ip id could be used but there's no way to * interlock with the kernel's assignment of ip id's and, anyway, * it would have taken a lot more kernel hacking to allow this * code to set the ip id). So, to allow two or more users to * use traceroute simultaneously, we use this task's pid as the * source port (the high bit is set to move the port number out * of the "likely" range). To keep track of which probe is being * replied to (so times and/or hop counts don't get confused by a * reply that was delayed in transit), we increment the destination * port number before each probe. * * Don't use this as a coding example. I was trying to find a * routing problem and this code sort-of popped out after 48 hours * without sleep. I was amazed it ever compiled, much less ran. * * I stole the idea for this program from Steve Deering. Since * the first release, I've learned that had I attended the right * IETF working group meetings, I also could have stolen it from Guy * Almes or Matt Mathis. I don't know (or care) who came up with * the idea first. I envy the originators' perspicacity and I'm * glad they didn't keep the idea a secret. * * Tim Seaver, Ken Adelman and C. Philip Wood provided bug fixes and/or * enhancements to the original distribution. * * I've hacked up a round-trip-route version of this that works by * sending a loose-source-routed udp datagram through the destination * back to yourself. Unfortunately, SO many gateways botch source * routing, the thing is almost worthless. Maybe one day... * * -- Van Jacobson (van@ee.lbl.gov) * Tue Dec 20 03:50:13 PST 1988 */ #include #include #include #ifdef HAVE_SYS_SELECT_H #include #endif #include #ifdef HAVE_SYS_SYSCTL_H #include #endif #include #include #include #include #include #include +#include #include #include #include #include #ifdef IPSEC #include #include /* XXX */ #endif /* IPSEC */ #include #include #include #include #ifdef HAVE_MALLOC_H #include #endif #include #include #include #include #include #include /* rfc1716 */ #ifndef ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB #define ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB 13 /* admin prohibited filter */ #endif #ifndef ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PRECEDENCE #define ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PRECEDENCE 14 /* host precedence violation */ #endif #ifndef ICMP_UNREACH_PRECEDENCE_CUTOFF #define ICMP_UNREACH_PRECEDENCE_CUTOFF 15 /* precedence cutoff */ #endif #include "findsaddr.h" #include "ifaddrlist.h" #include "as.h" #include "traceroute.h" /* Maximum number of gateways (include room for one noop) */ #define NGATEWAYS ((int)((MAX_IPOPTLEN - IPOPT_MINOFF - 1) / sizeof(u_int32_t))) #ifndef MAXHOSTNAMELEN #define MAXHOSTNAMELEN 64 #endif #define Fprintf (void)fprintf #define Printf (void)printf /* What a GRE packet header looks like */ struct grehdr { u_int16_t flags; u_int16_t proto; u_int16_t length; /* PPTP version of these fields */ u_int16_t callId; }; #ifndef IPPROTO_GRE #define IPPROTO_GRE 47 #endif /* For GRE, we prepare what looks like a PPTP packet */ #define GRE_PPTP_PROTO 0x880b /* Host name and address list */ struct hostinfo { char *name; int n; u_int32_t *addrs; }; /* Data section of the probe packet */ struct outdata { u_char seq; /* sequence number of this packet */ u_char ttl; /* ttl packet left with */ struct timeval tv; /* time packet left */ }; #ifndef HAVE_ICMP_NEXTMTU /* Path MTU Discovery (RFC1191) */ struct my_pmtu { u_short ipm_void; u_short ipm_nextmtu; }; #endif u_char packet[512]; /* last inbound (icmp) packet */ struct ip *outip; /* last output ip packet */ u_char *outp; /* last output inner protocol packet */ struct ip *hip = NULL; /* Quoted IP header */ int hiplen = 0; /* loose source route gateway list (including room for final destination) */ u_int32_t gwlist[NGATEWAYS + 1]; int s; /* receive (icmp) socket file descriptor */ int sndsock; /* send (udp) socket file descriptor */ struct sockaddr whereto; /* Who to try to reach */ struct sockaddr wherefrom; /* Who we are */ int packlen; /* total length of packet */ int protlen; /* length of protocol part of packet */ int minpacket; /* min ip packet size */ int maxpacket = 32 * 1024; /* max ip packet size */ int pmtu; /* Path MTU Discovery (RFC1191) */ u_int pausemsecs; char *prog; char *source; char *hostname; char *device; static const char devnull[] = "/dev/null"; int nprobes = -1; int max_ttl; int first_ttl = 1; u_short ident; u_short port; /* protocol specific base "port" */ int options; /* socket options */ int verbose; int waittime = 5; /* time to wait for response (in seconds) */ int nflag; /* print addresses numerically */ int as_path; /* print as numbers for each hop */ char *as_server = NULL; void *asn; #ifdef CANT_HACK_IPCKSUM int doipcksum = 0; /* don't calculate ip checksums by default */ #else int doipcksum = 1; /* calculate ip checksums by default */ #endif int optlen; /* length of ip options */ int fixedPort = 0; /* Use fixed destination port for TCP and UDP */ int printdiff = 0; /* Print the difference between sent and quoted */ extern int optind; extern int opterr; extern char *optarg; /* Forwards */ double deltaT(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); void freehostinfo(struct hostinfo *); void getaddr(u_int32_t *, char *); struct hostinfo *gethostinfo(char *); u_short in_cksum(u_short *, int); +u_int32_t sctp_crc32c(const void *, u_int32_t); char *inetname(struct in_addr); int main(int, char **); -u_short p_cksum(struct ip *, u_short *, int); +u_short p_cksum(struct ip *, u_short *, int, int); int packet_ok(u_char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *, int); char *pr_type(u_char); void print(u_char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *); #ifdef IPSEC int setpolicy __P((int so, char *policy)); #endif void send_probe(int, int); struct outproto *setproto(char *); int str2val(const char *, const char *, int, int); void tvsub(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); void usage(void); int wait_for_reply(int, struct sockaddr_in *, const struct timeval *); void pkt_compare(const u_char *, int, const u_char *, int); #ifndef HAVE_USLEEP int usleep(u_int); #endif void udp_prep(struct outdata *); int udp_check(const u_char *, int); +void udplite_prep(struct outdata *); +int udplite_check(const u_char *, int); void tcp_prep(struct outdata *); int tcp_check(const u_char *, int); +void sctp_prep(struct outdata *); +int sctp_check(const u_char *, int); void gre_prep(struct outdata *); int gre_check(const u_char *, int); void gen_prep(struct outdata *); int gen_check(const u_char *, int); void icmp_prep(struct outdata *); int icmp_check(const u_char *, int); /* Descriptor structure for each outgoing protocol we support */ struct outproto { char *name; /* name of protocol */ const char *key; /* An ascii key for the bytes of the header */ u_char num; /* IP protocol number */ u_short hdrlen; /* max size of protocol header */ u_short port; /* default base protocol-specific "port" */ void (*prepare)(struct outdata *); /* finish preparing an outgoing packet */ int (*check)(const u_char *, int); /* check an incoming packet */ }; /* List of supported protocols. The first one is the default. The last one is the handler for generic protocols not explicitly listed. */ struct outproto protos[] = { { "udp", "spt dpt len sum", IPPROTO_UDP, sizeof(struct udphdr), 32768 + 666, udp_prep, udp_check }, { + "udplite", + "spt dpt cov sum", + IPPROTO_UDPLITE, + sizeof(struct udphdr), + 32768 + 666, + udplite_prep, + udplite_check + }, + { "tcp", "spt dpt seq ack xxflwin sum urp", IPPROTO_TCP, sizeof(struct tcphdr), 32768 + 666, tcp_prep, tcp_check }, { + "sctp", + "spt dpt vtag crc tyfllen tyfllen ", + IPPROTO_SCTP, + sizeof(struct sctphdr), + 32768 + 666, + sctp_prep, + sctp_check + }, + { "gre", "flg pro len clid", IPPROTO_GRE, sizeof(struct grehdr), GRE_PPTP_PROTO, gre_prep, gre_check }, { "icmp", "typ cod sum ", IPPROTO_ICMP, sizeof(struct icmp), 0, icmp_prep, icmp_check }, { NULL, - NULL, + "", 0, 2 * sizeof(u_short), 0, gen_prep, gen_check }, }; struct outproto *proto = &protos[0]; const char *ip_hdr_key = "vhtslen id off tlprsum srcip dstip opts"; int main(int argc, char **argv) { register int op, code, n; register char *cp; register const char *err; register u_int32_t *ap; register struct sockaddr_in *from = (struct sockaddr_in *)&wherefrom; register struct sockaddr_in *to = (struct sockaddr_in *)&whereto; register struct hostinfo *hi; int on = 1; register struct protoent *pe; register int ttl, probe, i; register int seq = 0; int tos = 0, settos = 0; register int lsrr = 0; register u_short off = 0; struct ifaddrlist *al; char errbuf[132]; int requestPort = -1; int sump = 0; int sockerrno; /* Insure the socket fds won't be 0, 1 or 2 */ if (open(devnull, O_RDONLY) < 0 || open(devnull, O_RDONLY) < 0 || open(devnull, O_RDONLY) < 0) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: open \"%s\": %s\n", prog, devnull, strerror(errno)); exit(1); } /* * Do the setuid-required stuff first, then lose priveleges ASAP. * Do error checking for these two calls where they appeared in * the original code. */ cp = "icmp"; pe = getprotobyname(cp); if (pe) { if ((s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, pe->p_proto)) < 0) sockerrno = errno; else if ((sndsock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_RAW)) < 0) sockerrno = errno; } if (setuid(getuid()) != 0) { perror("setuid()"); exit(1); } #ifdef IPCTL_DEFTTL { int mib[4] = { CTL_NET, PF_INET, IPPROTO_IP, IPCTL_DEFTTL }; size_t sz = sizeof(max_ttl); if (sysctl(mib, 4, &max_ttl, &sz, NULL, 0) == -1) { perror("sysctl(net.inet.ip.ttl)"); exit(1); } } #else max_ttl = 30; #endif if (argv[0] == NULL) prog = "traceroute"; else if ((cp = strrchr(argv[0], '/')) != NULL) prog = cp + 1; else prog = argv[0]; opterr = 0; while ((op = getopt(argc, argv, "aA:edDFInrSvxf:g:i:M:m:P:p:q:s:t:w:z:")) != EOF) switch (op) { case 'a': as_path = 1; break; - + case 'A': as_path = 1; as_server = optarg; break; - + case 'd': options |= SO_DEBUG; break; case 'D': printdiff = 1; break; case 'e': fixedPort = 1; break; case 'f': case 'M': /* FreeBSD compat. */ first_ttl = str2val(optarg, "first ttl", 1, 255); break; case 'F': off = IP_DF; break; case 'g': if (lsrr >= NGATEWAYS) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: No more than %d gateways\n", prog, NGATEWAYS); exit(1); } getaddr(gwlist + lsrr, optarg); ++lsrr; break; case 'i': device = optarg; break; case 'I': proto = setproto("icmp"); break; case 'm': max_ttl = str2val(optarg, "max ttl", 1, 255); break; case 'n': ++nflag; break; case 'P': proto = setproto(optarg); break; case 'p': requestPort = (u_short)str2val(optarg, "port", 1, (1 << 16) - 1); break; case 'q': nprobes = str2val(optarg, "nprobes", 1, -1); break; case 'r': options |= SO_DONTROUTE; break; case 's': /* * set the ip source address of the outbound * probe (e.g., on a multi-homed host). */ source = optarg; break; case 'S': sump = 1; break; case 't': tos = str2val(optarg, "tos", 0, 255); ++settos; break; case 'v': ++verbose; break; case 'x': doipcksum = (doipcksum == 0); break; case 'w': waittime = str2val(optarg, "wait time", 1, 24 * 60 * 60); break; case 'z': pausemsecs = str2val(optarg, "pause msecs", 0, 60 * 60 * 1000); break; default: usage(); } /* Set requested port, if any, else default for this protocol */ port = (requestPort != -1) ? requestPort : proto->port; if (nprobes == -1) nprobes = printdiff ? 1 : 3; if (first_ttl > max_ttl) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: first ttl (%d) may not be greater than max ttl (%d)\n", prog, first_ttl, max_ttl); exit(1); } if (!doipcksum) Fprintf(stderr, "%s: Warning: ip checksums disabled\n", prog); if (lsrr > 0) optlen = (lsrr + 1) * sizeof(gwlist[0]); - minpacket = sizeof(*outip) + proto->hdrlen + sizeof(struct outdata) + optlen; - packlen = minpacket; /* minimum sized packet */ + minpacket = sizeof(*outip) + proto->hdrlen + optlen; + if (minpacket > 40) + packlen = minpacket; + else + packlen = 40; /* Process destination and optional packet size */ switch (argc - optind) { case 2: packlen = str2val(argv[optind + 1], "packet length", minpacket, maxpacket); /* Fall through */ case 1: hostname = argv[optind]; hi = gethostinfo(hostname); setsin(to, hi->addrs[0]); if (hi->n > 1) Fprintf(stderr, "%s: Warning: %s has multiple addresses; using %s\n", prog, hostname, inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr)); hostname = hi->name; hi->name = NULL; freehostinfo(hi); break; default: usage(); } #ifdef HAVE_SETLINEBUF setlinebuf (stdout); #else setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IOLBF, 0); #endif protlen = packlen - sizeof(*outip) - optlen; + if ((proto->num == IPPROTO_SCTP) && (packlen & 3)) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: packet length must be a multiple of 4\n", + prog); + exit(1); + } outip = (struct ip *)malloc((unsigned)packlen); if (outip == NULL) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: malloc: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); exit(1); } memset((char *)outip, 0, packlen); outip->ip_v = IPVERSION; if (settos) outip->ip_tos = tos; #ifdef BYTESWAP_IP_HDR outip->ip_len = htons(packlen); outip->ip_off = htons(off); #else outip->ip_len = packlen; outip->ip_off = off; #endif outip->ip_p = proto->num; outp = (u_char *)(outip + 1); #ifdef HAVE_RAW_OPTIONS if (lsrr > 0) { register u_char *optlist; optlist = outp; outp += optlen; /* final hop */ gwlist[lsrr] = to->sin_addr.s_addr; outip->ip_dst.s_addr = gwlist[0]; /* force 4 byte alignment */ optlist[0] = IPOPT_NOP; /* loose source route option */ optlist[1] = IPOPT_LSRR; i = lsrr * sizeof(gwlist[0]); optlist[2] = i + 3; /* Pointer to LSRR addresses */ optlist[3] = IPOPT_MINOFF; memcpy(optlist + 4, gwlist + 1, i); } else #endif outip->ip_dst = to->sin_addr; outip->ip_hl = (outp - (u_char *)outip) >> 2; ident = (getpid() & 0xffff) | 0x8000; if (pe == NULL) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown protocol %s\n", prog, cp); exit(1); } if (s < 0) { errno = sockerrno; Fprintf(stderr, "%s: icmp socket: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); exit(1); } if (options & SO_DEBUG) (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&on, sizeof(on)); if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&on, sizeof(on)); #if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC) if (setpolicy(s, "in bypass") < 0) errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); if (setpolicy(s, "out bypass") < 0) errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); #endif /* defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC) */ if (sndsock < 0) { errno = sockerrno; Fprintf(stderr, "%s: raw socket: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); exit(1); } #if defined(IP_OPTIONS) && !defined(HAVE_RAW_OPTIONS) if (lsrr > 0) { u_char optlist[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; cp = "ip"; if ((pe = getprotobyname(cp)) == NULL) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown protocol %s\n", prog, cp); exit(1); } /* final hop */ gwlist[lsrr] = to->sin_addr.s_addr; ++lsrr; /* force 4 byte alignment */ optlist[0] = IPOPT_NOP; /* loose source route option */ optlist[1] = IPOPT_LSRR; i = lsrr * sizeof(gwlist[0]); optlist[2] = i + 3; /* Pointer to LSRR addresses */ optlist[3] = IPOPT_MINOFF; memcpy(optlist + 4, gwlist, i); if ((setsockopt(sndsock, pe->p_proto, IP_OPTIONS, (char *)optlist, i + sizeof(gwlist[0]))) < 0) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: IP_OPTIONS: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); exit(1); } } #endif #ifdef SO_SNDBUF if (setsockopt(sndsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&packlen, sizeof(packlen)) < 0) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: SO_SNDBUF: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); exit(1); } #endif #ifdef IP_HDRINCL if (setsockopt(sndsock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) < 0) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: IP_HDRINCL: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); exit(1); } #else #ifdef IP_TOS if (settos && setsockopt(sndsock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TOS, (char *)&tos, sizeof(tos)) < 0) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: setsockopt tos %d: %s\n", prog, tos, strerror(errno)); exit(1); } #endif #endif if (options & SO_DEBUG) (void)setsockopt(sndsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&on, sizeof(on)); if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) (void)setsockopt(sndsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&on, sizeof(on)); /* Get the interface address list */ n = ifaddrlist(&al, errbuf); if (n < 0) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: ifaddrlist: %s\n", prog, errbuf); exit(1); } if (n == 0) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: Can't find any network interfaces\n", prog); exit(1); } /* Look for a specific device */ if (device != NULL) { for (i = n; i > 0; --i, ++al) if (strcmp(device, al->device) == 0) break; if (i <= 0) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: Can't find interface %.32s\n", prog, device); exit(1); } } /* Determine our source address */ if (source == NULL) { /* * If a device was specified, use the interface address. * Otherwise, try to determine our source address. */ if (device != NULL) setsin(from, al->addr); else if ((err = findsaddr(to, from)) != NULL) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: findsaddr: %s\n", prog, err); exit(1); } } else { hi = gethostinfo(source); source = hi->name; hi->name = NULL; /* * If the device was specified make sure it * corresponds to the source address specified. * Otherwise, use the first address (and warn if * there are more than one). */ if (device != NULL) { for (i = hi->n, ap = hi->addrs; i > 0; --i, ++ap) if (*ap == al->addr) break; if (i <= 0) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s is not on interface %.32s\n", prog, source, device); exit(1); } setsin(from, *ap); } else { setsin(from, hi->addrs[0]); if (hi->n > 1) Fprintf(stderr, "%s: Warning: %s has multiple addresses; using %s\n", prog, source, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); } freehostinfo(hi); } outip->ip_src = from->sin_addr; /* Check the source address (-s), if any, is valid */ if (bind(sndsock, (struct sockaddr *)from, sizeof(*from)) < 0) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: bind: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); exit (1); } if (as_path) { asn = as_setup(as_server); if (asn == NULL) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: as_setup failed, AS# lookups" " disabled\n", prog); (void)fflush(stderr); as_path = 0; } } - + #if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC) if (setpolicy(sndsock, "in bypass") < 0) errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); if (setpolicy(sndsock, "out bypass") < 0) errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); #endif /* defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC) */ Fprintf(stderr, "%s to %s (%s)", prog, hostname, inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr)); if (source) Fprintf(stderr, " from %s", source); Fprintf(stderr, ", %d hops max, %d byte packets\n", max_ttl, packlen); (void)fflush(stderr); for (ttl = first_ttl; ttl <= max_ttl; ++ttl) { u_int32_t lastaddr = 0; int gotlastaddr = 0; int got_there = 0; int unreachable = 0; int sentfirst = 0; int loss; Printf("%2d ", ttl); for (probe = 0, loss = 0; probe < nprobes; ++probe) { register int cc; struct timeval t1, t2; register struct ip *ip; struct outdata outdata; if (sentfirst && pausemsecs > 0) usleep(pausemsecs * 1000); /* Prepare outgoing data */ outdata.seq = ++seq; outdata.ttl = ttl; /* Avoid alignment problems by copying bytewise: */ (void)gettimeofday(&t1, NULL); memcpy(&outdata.tv, &t1, sizeof(outdata.tv)); /* Finalize and send packet */ (*proto->prepare)(&outdata); send_probe(seq, ttl); ++sentfirst; /* Wait for a reply */ while ((cc = wait_for_reply(s, from, &t1)) != 0) { double T; int precis; (void)gettimeofday(&t2, NULL); i = packet_ok(packet, cc, from, seq); /* Skip short packet */ if (i == 0) continue; if (!gotlastaddr || from->sin_addr.s_addr != lastaddr) { if (gotlastaddr) printf("\n "); print(packet, cc, from); lastaddr = from->sin_addr.s_addr; ++gotlastaddr; } T = deltaT(&t1, &t2); #ifdef SANE_PRECISION if (T >= 1000.0) precis = 0; else if (T >= 100.0) precis = 1; else if (T >= 10.0) precis = 2; else #endif precis = 3; Printf(" %.*f ms", precis, T); if (printdiff) { Printf("\n"); Printf("%*.*s%s\n", -(outip->ip_hl << 3), outip->ip_hl << 3, ip_hdr_key, proto->key); pkt_compare((void *)outip, packlen, (void *)hip, hiplen); } if (i == -2) { #ifndef ARCHAIC ip = (struct ip *)packet; if (ip->ip_ttl <= 1) Printf(" !"); #endif ++got_there; break; } /* time exceeded in transit */ if (i == -1) break; code = i - 1; switch (code) { case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: #ifndef ARCHAIC ip = (struct ip *)packet; if (ip->ip_ttl <= 1) Printf(" !"); #endif ++got_there; break; case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: ++unreachable; Printf(" !N"); break; case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: ++unreachable; Printf(" !H"); break; case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: ++got_there; Printf(" !P"); break; case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: ++unreachable; Printf(" !F-%d", pmtu); break; case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: ++unreachable; Printf(" !S"); break; case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN: ++unreachable; Printf(" !U"); break; case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN: ++unreachable; Printf(" !W"); break; case ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED: ++unreachable; Printf(" !I"); break; case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB: ++unreachable; Printf(" !A"); break; case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB: ++unreachable; Printf(" !Z"); break; case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET: ++unreachable; Printf(" !Q"); break; case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST: ++unreachable; Printf(" !T"); break; case ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB: ++unreachable; Printf(" !X"); break; case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PRECEDENCE: ++unreachable; Printf(" !V"); break; case ICMP_UNREACH_PRECEDENCE_CUTOFF: ++unreachable; Printf(" !C"); break; default: ++unreachable; Printf(" !<%d>", code); break; } break; } if (cc == 0) { loss++; Printf(" *"); } (void)fflush(stdout); } if (sump) { Printf(" (%d%% loss)", (loss * 100) / nprobes); } putchar('\n'); if (got_there || (unreachable > 0 && unreachable >= nprobes - 1)) break; } if (as_path) as_shutdown(asn); exit(0); } int wait_for_reply(register int sock, register struct sockaddr_in *fromp, register const struct timeval *tp) { fd_set *fdsp; size_t nfds; struct timeval now, wait; register int cc = 0; register int error; int fromlen = sizeof(*fromp); nfds = howmany(sock + 1, NFDBITS); if ((fdsp = malloc(nfds * sizeof(fd_mask))) == NULL) err(1, "malloc"); memset(fdsp, 0, nfds * sizeof(fd_mask)); FD_SET(sock, fdsp); wait.tv_sec = tp->tv_sec + waittime; wait.tv_usec = tp->tv_usec; (void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL); tvsub(&wait, &now); if (wait.tv_sec < 0) { wait.tv_sec = 0; wait.tv_usec = 1; } error = select(sock + 1, fdsp, NULL, NULL, &wait); if (error == -1 && errno == EINVAL) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: botched select() args\n", prog); exit(1); } if (error > 0) cc = recvfrom(sock, (char *)packet, sizeof(packet), 0, (struct sockaddr *)fromp, &fromlen); free(fdsp); return(cc); } void send_probe(int seq, int ttl) { register int cc; outip->ip_ttl = ttl; outip->ip_id = htons(ident + seq); /* XXX undocumented debugging hack */ if (verbose > 1) { register const u_short *sp; register int nshorts, i; sp = (u_short *)outip; nshorts = (u_int)packlen / sizeof(u_short); i = 0; Printf("[ %d bytes", packlen); while (--nshorts >= 0) { if ((i++ % 8) == 0) Printf("\n\t"); Printf(" %04x", ntohs(*sp++)); } if (packlen & 1) { if ((i % 8) == 0) Printf("\n\t"); Printf(" %02x", *(u_char *)sp); } Printf("]\n"); } #if !defined(IP_HDRINCL) && defined(IP_TTL) if (setsockopt(sndsock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, (char *)&ttl, sizeof(ttl)) < 0) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: setsockopt ttl %d: %s\n", prog, ttl, strerror(errno)); exit(1); } #endif cc = sendto(sndsock, (char *)outip, packlen, 0, &whereto, sizeof(whereto)); if (cc < 0 || cc != packlen) { if (cc < 0) Fprintf(stderr, "%s: sendto: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); Printf("%s: wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d\n", prog, hostname, packlen, cc); (void)fflush(stdout); } } #if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC) int setpolicy(so, policy) int so; char *policy; { char *buf; buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy, strlen(policy)); if (buf == NULL) { warnx("%s", ipsec_strerror()); return -1; } (void)setsockopt(so, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)); free(buf); return 0; } #endif double deltaT(struct timeval *t1p, struct timeval *t2p) { register double dt; dt = (double)(t2p->tv_sec - t1p->tv_sec) * 1000.0 + (double)(t2p->tv_usec - t1p->tv_usec) / 1000.0; return (dt); } /* * Convert an ICMP "type" field to a printable string. */ char * pr_type(register u_char t) { static char *ttab[] = { "Echo Reply", "ICMP 1", "ICMP 2", "Dest Unreachable", "Source Quench", "Redirect", "ICMP 6", "ICMP 7", "Echo", "ICMP 9", "ICMP 10", "Time Exceeded", "Param Problem", "Timestamp", "Timestamp Reply", "Info Request", "Info Reply" }; if (t > 16) return("OUT-OF-RANGE"); return(ttab[t]); } int packet_ok(register u_char *buf, int cc, register struct sockaddr_in *from, register int seq) { register struct icmp *icp; register u_char type, code; register int hlen; #ifndef ARCHAIC register struct ip *ip; ip = (struct ip *) buf; hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { if (verbose) Printf("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", cc, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); return (0); } cc -= hlen; icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); #else icp = (struct icmp *)buf; #endif type = icp->icmp_type; code = icp->icmp_code; /* Path MTU Discovery (RFC1191) */ if (code != ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG) pmtu = 0; else { #ifdef HAVE_ICMP_NEXTMTU pmtu = ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu); #else pmtu = ntohs(((struct my_pmtu *)&icp->icmp_void)->ipm_nextmtu); #endif } if (type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY && proto->num == IPPROTO_ICMP && (*proto->check)((u_char *)icp, (u_char)seq)) return -2; if ((type == ICMP_TIMXCEED && code == ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS) || type == ICMP_UNREACH) { u_char *inner; hip = &icp->icmp_ip; hiplen = ((u_char *)icp + cc) - (u_char *)hip; hlen = hip->ip_hl << 2; inner = (u_char *)((u_char *)hip + hlen); - if (hlen + 12 <= cc + if (hlen + 16 <= cc && hip->ip_p == proto->num && (*proto->check)(inner, (u_char)seq)) return (type == ICMP_TIMXCEED ? -1 : code + 1); } #ifndef ARCHAIC if (verbose) { register int i; u_int32_t *lp = (u_int32_t *)&icp->icmp_ip; Printf("\n%d bytes from %s to ", cc, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); Printf("%s: icmp type %d (%s) code %d\n", inet_ntoa(ip->ip_dst), type, pr_type(type), icp->icmp_code); - for (i = 4; i < cc ; i += sizeof(*lp)) - Printf("%2d: x%8.8x\n", i, *lp++); + for (i = 4; i <= cc - ICMP_MINLEN; i += sizeof(*lp)) + Printf("%2d: %8.8x\n", i, ntohl(*lp++)); } #endif return(0); } void icmp_prep(struct outdata *outdata) { struct icmp *const icmpheader = (struct icmp *) outp; icmpheader->icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; icmpheader->icmp_id = htons(ident); icmpheader->icmp_seq = htons(outdata->seq); icmpheader->icmp_cksum = 0; icmpheader->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icmpheader, protlen); if (icmpheader->icmp_cksum == 0) icmpheader->icmp_cksum = 0xffff; } int icmp_check(const u_char *data, int seq) { struct icmp *const icmpheader = (struct icmp *) data; return (icmpheader->icmp_id == htons(ident) && icmpheader->icmp_seq == htons(seq)); } void udp_prep(struct outdata *outdata) { struct udphdr *const outudp = (struct udphdr *) outp; outudp->uh_sport = htons(ident + (fixedPort ? outdata->seq : 0)); outudp->uh_dport = htons(port + (fixedPort ? 0 : outdata->seq)); outudp->uh_ulen = htons((u_short)protlen); outudp->uh_sum = 0; if (doipcksum) { - u_short sum = p_cksum(outip, (u_short*)outudp, protlen); + u_short sum = p_cksum(outip, (u_short*)outudp, protlen, protlen); outudp->uh_sum = (sum) ? sum : 0xffff; } return; } int udp_check(const u_char *data, int seq) { struct udphdr *const udp = (struct udphdr *) data; return (ntohs(udp->uh_sport) == ident + (fixedPort ? seq : 0) && ntohs(udp->uh_dport) == port + (fixedPort ? 0 : seq)); } void +udplite_prep(struct outdata *outdata) +{ + struct udphdr *const outudp = (struct udphdr *) outp; + + outudp->uh_sport = htons(ident + (fixedPort ? outdata->seq : 0)); + outudp->uh_dport = htons(port + (fixedPort ? 0 : outdata->seq)); + outudp->uh_ulen = htons(8); + outudp->uh_sum = 0; + if (doipcksum) { + u_short sum = p_cksum(outip, (u_short*)outudp, protlen, 8); + outudp->uh_sum = (sum) ? sum : 0xffff; + } + + return; +} + +int +udplite_check(const u_char *data, int seq) +{ + struct udphdr *const udp = (struct udphdr *) data; + + return (ntohs(udp->uh_sport) == ident + (fixedPort ? seq : 0) && + ntohs(udp->uh_dport) == port + (fixedPort ? 0 : seq)); +} + +void tcp_prep(struct outdata *outdata) { struct tcphdr *const tcp = (struct tcphdr *) outp; tcp->th_sport = htons(ident); tcp->th_dport = htons(port + (fixedPort ? 0 : outdata->seq)); tcp->th_seq = (tcp->th_sport << 16) | tcp->th_dport; tcp->th_ack = 0; tcp->th_off = 5; tcp->th_flags = TH_SYN; tcp->th_sum = 0; - if (doipcksum) { - u_short sum = p_cksum(outip, (u_short*)tcp, protlen); - tcp->th_sum = (sum) ? sum : 0xffff; - } + if (doipcksum) + tcp->th_sum = p_cksum(outip, (u_short*)tcp, protlen, protlen); } int tcp_check(const u_char *data, int seq) { struct tcphdr *const tcp = (struct tcphdr *) data; return (ntohs(tcp->th_sport) == ident && ntohs(tcp->th_dport) == port + (fixedPort ? 0 : seq) && tcp->th_seq == (tcp_seq)((tcp->th_sport << 16) | tcp->th_dport)); } void +sctp_prep(struct outdata *outdata) +{ + struct sctphdr *const sctp = (struct sctphdr *) outp; + struct sctp_chunkhdr *chk; + + sctp->src_port = htons(ident); + sctp->dest_port = htons(port + (fixedPort ? 0 : outdata->seq)); + sctp->v_tag = (sctp->src_port << 16) | sctp->dest_port; + sctp->checksum = htonl(0); + if (protlen >= + (int)(sizeof(struct sctphdr) + sizeof(struct sctp_chunkhdr))) { + chk = (struct sctp_chunkhdr *)(sctp + 1); + chk->chunk_type = SCTP_SHUTDOWN_ACK; + chk->chunk_flags = 0; + chk->chunk_length = htons(4); + } + if (protlen >= + (int)(sizeof(struct sctphdr) + 2 * sizeof(struct sctp_chunkhdr))) { + chk = chk + 1; + chk->chunk_type = SCTP_PAD_CHUNK; + chk->chunk_flags = 0; + chk->chunk_length = htons(protlen - + (sizeof(struct sctphdr) + sizeof(struct sctp_chunkhdr))); + } + if (doipcksum) { + sctp->checksum = sctp_crc32c(sctp, protlen); + } +} + +int +sctp_check(const u_char *data, int seq) +{ + struct sctphdr *const sctp = (struct sctphdr *) data; + + return (ntohs(sctp->src_port) == ident + && ntohs(sctp->dest_port) == port + (fixedPort ? 0 : seq) + && sctp->v_tag == + (u_int32_t)((sctp->src_port << 16) | sctp->dest_port)); +} + +void gre_prep(struct outdata *outdata) { struct grehdr *const gre = (struct grehdr *) outp; gre->flags = htons(0x2001); gre->proto = htons(port); gre->length = 0; gre->callId = htons(ident + outdata->seq); } int gre_check(const u_char *data, int seq) { struct grehdr *const gre = (struct grehdr *) data; return(ntohs(gre->proto) == port && ntohs(gre->callId) == ident + seq); } void gen_prep(struct outdata *outdata) { u_int16_t *const ptr = (u_int16_t *) outp; ptr[0] = htons(ident); ptr[1] = htons(port + outdata->seq); } int gen_check(const u_char *data, int seq) { u_int16_t *const ptr = (u_int16_t *) data; return(ntohs(ptr[0]) == ident && ntohs(ptr[1]) == port + seq); } void print(register u_char *buf, register int cc, register struct sockaddr_in *from) { register struct ip *ip; register int hlen; char addr[INET_ADDRSTRLEN]; ip = (struct ip *) buf; hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; cc -= hlen; strlcpy(addr, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr), sizeof(addr)); if (as_path) Printf(" [AS%u]", as_lookup(asn, addr, AF_INET)); if (nflag) Printf(" %s", addr); else Printf(" %s (%s)", inetname(from->sin_addr), addr); if (verbose) Printf(" %d bytes to %s", cc, inet_ntoa (ip->ip_dst)); } /* * Checksum routine for UDP and TCP headers. */ -u_short -p_cksum(struct ip *ip, u_short *data, int len) +u_short +p_cksum(struct ip *ip, u_short *data, int len, int cov) { static struct ipovly ipo; u_short sum[2]; ipo.ih_pr = ip->ip_p; ipo.ih_len = htons(len); ipo.ih_src = ip->ip_src; ipo.ih_dst = ip->ip_dst; sum[1] = in_cksum((u_short*)&ipo, sizeof(ipo)); /* pseudo ip hdr cksum */ - sum[0] = in_cksum(data, len); /* payload data cksum */ + sum[0] = in_cksum(data, cov); /* payload data cksum */ return ~in_cksum(sum, sizeof(sum)); } /* * Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version) */ u_short in_cksum(register u_short *addr, register int len) { register int nleft = len; register u_short *w = addr; register u_short answer; register int sum = 0; /* * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), * we add sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold * back all the carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower * 16 bits. */ while (nleft > 1) { sum += *w++; nleft -= 2; } /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */ if (nleft == 1) sum += *(u_char *)w; /* * add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */ sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */ sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */ answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */ return (answer); +} + +/* + * CRC32C routine for the Stream Control Transmission Protocol + */ + +#define CRC32C(c, d) (c = (c>>8) ^ crc_c[(c^(d))&0xFF]) + +static u_int32_t crc_c[256] = { + 0x00000000, 0xF26B8303, 0xE13B70F7, 0x1350F3F4, + 0xC79A971F, 0x35F1141C, 0x26A1E7E8, 0xD4CA64EB, + 0x8AD958CF, 0x78B2DBCC, 0x6BE22838, 0x9989AB3B, + 0x4D43CFD0, 0xBF284CD3, 0xAC78BF27, 0x5E133C24, + 0x105EC76F, 0xE235446C, 0xF165B798, 0x030E349B, + 0xD7C45070, 0x25AFD373, 0x36FF2087, 0xC494A384, + 0x9A879FA0, 0x68EC1CA3, 0x7BBCEF57, 0x89D76C54, + 0x5D1D08BF, 0xAF768BBC, 0xBC267848, 0x4E4DFB4B, + 0x20BD8EDE, 0xD2D60DDD, 0xC186FE29, 0x33ED7D2A, + 0xE72719C1, 0x154C9AC2, 0x061C6936, 0xF477EA35, + 0xAA64D611, 0x580F5512, 0x4B5FA6E6, 0xB93425E5, + 0x6DFE410E, 0x9F95C20D, 0x8CC531F9, 0x7EAEB2FA, + 0x30E349B1, 0xC288CAB2, 0xD1D83946, 0x23B3BA45, + 0xF779DEAE, 0x05125DAD, 0x1642AE59, 0xE4292D5A, + 0xBA3A117E, 0x4851927D, 0x5B016189, 0xA96AE28A, + 0x7DA08661, 0x8FCB0562, 0x9C9BF696, 0x6EF07595, + 0x417B1DBC, 0xB3109EBF, 0xA0406D4B, 0x522BEE48, + 0x86E18AA3, 0x748A09A0, 0x67DAFA54, 0x95B17957, + 0xCBA24573, 0x39C9C670, 0x2A993584, 0xD8F2B687, + 0x0C38D26C, 0xFE53516F, 0xED03A29B, 0x1F682198, + 0x5125DAD3, 0xA34E59D0, 0xB01EAA24, 0x42752927, + 0x96BF4DCC, 0x64D4CECF, 0x77843D3B, 0x85EFBE38, + 0xDBFC821C, 0x2997011F, 0x3AC7F2EB, 0xC8AC71E8, + 0x1C661503, 0xEE0D9600, 0xFD5D65F4, 0x0F36E6F7, + 0x61C69362, 0x93AD1061, 0x80FDE395, 0x72966096, + 0xA65C047D, 0x5437877E, 0x4767748A, 0xB50CF789, + 0xEB1FCBAD, 0x197448AE, 0x0A24BB5A, 0xF84F3859, + 0x2C855CB2, 0xDEEEDFB1, 0xCDBE2C45, 0x3FD5AF46, + 0x7198540D, 0x83F3D70E, 0x90A324FA, 0x62C8A7F9, + 0xB602C312, 0x44694011, 0x5739B3E5, 0xA55230E6, + 0xFB410CC2, 0x092A8FC1, 0x1A7A7C35, 0xE811FF36, + 0x3CDB9BDD, 0xCEB018DE, 0xDDE0EB2A, 0x2F8B6829, + 0x82F63B78, 0x709DB87B, 0x63CD4B8F, 0x91A6C88C, + 0x456CAC67, 0xB7072F64, 0xA457DC90, 0x563C5F93, + 0x082F63B7, 0xFA44E0B4, 0xE9141340, 0x1B7F9043, + 0xCFB5F4A8, 0x3DDE77AB, 0x2E8E845F, 0xDCE5075C, + 0x92A8FC17, 0x60C37F14, 0x73938CE0, 0x81F80FE3, + 0x55326B08, 0xA759E80B, 0xB4091BFF, 0x466298FC, + 0x1871A4D8, 0xEA1A27DB, 0xF94AD42F, 0x0B21572C, + 0xDFEB33C7, 0x2D80B0C4, 0x3ED04330, 0xCCBBC033, + 0xA24BB5A6, 0x502036A5, 0x4370C551, 0xB11B4652, + 0x65D122B9, 0x97BAA1BA, 0x84EA524E, 0x7681D14D, + 0x2892ED69, 0xDAF96E6A, 0xC9A99D9E, 0x3BC21E9D, + 0xEF087A76, 0x1D63F975, 0x0E330A81, 0xFC588982, + 0xB21572C9, 0x407EF1CA, 0x532E023E, 0xA145813D, + 0x758FE5D6, 0x87E466D5, 0x94B49521, 0x66DF1622, + 0x38CC2A06, 0xCAA7A905, 0xD9F75AF1, 0x2B9CD9F2, + 0xFF56BD19, 0x0D3D3E1A, 0x1E6DCDEE, 0xEC064EED, + 0xC38D26C4, 0x31E6A5C7, 0x22B65633, 0xD0DDD530, + 0x0417B1DB, 0xF67C32D8, 0xE52CC12C, 0x1747422F, + 0x49547E0B, 0xBB3FFD08, 0xA86F0EFC, 0x5A048DFF, + 0x8ECEE914, 0x7CA56A17, 0x6FF599E3, 0x9D9E1AE0, + 0xD3D3E1AB, 0x21B862A8, 0x32E8915C, 0xC083125F, + 0x144976B4, 0xE622F5B7, 0xF5720643, 0x07198540, + 0x590AB964, 0xAB613A67, 0xB831C993, 0x4A5A4A90, + 0x9E902E7B, 0x6CFBAD78, 0x7FAB5E8C, 0x8DC0DD8F, + 0xE330A81A, 0x115B2B19, 0x020BD8ED, 0xF0605BEE, + 0x24AA3F05, 0xD6C1BC06, 0xC5914FF2, 0x37FACCF1, + 0x69E9F0D5, 0x9B8273D6, 0x88D28022, 0x7AB90321, + 0xAE7367CA, 0x5C18E4C9, 0x4F48173D, 0xBD23943E, + 0xF36E6F75, 0x0105EC76, 0x12551F82, 0xE03E9C81, + 0x34F4F86A, 0xC69F7B69, 0xD5CF889D, 0x27A40B9E, + 0x79B737BA, 0x8BDCB4B9, 0x988C474D, 0x6AE7C44E, + 0xBE2DA0A5, 0x4C4623A6, 0x5F16D052, 0xAD7D5351 +}; + +u_int32_t +sctp_crc32c(const void *packet, u_int32_t len) +{ + u_int32_t i, crc32c; + u_int8_t byte0, byte1, byte2, byte3; + const u_int8_t *buf = (const u_int8_t *)packet; + + crc32c = ~0; + for (i = 0; i < len; i++) + CRC32C(crc32c, buf[i]); + crc32c = ~crc32c; + byte0 = crc32c & 0xff; + byte1 = (crc32c>>8) & 0xff; + byte2 = (crc32c>>16) & 0xff; + byte3 = (crc32c>>24) & 0xff; + crc32c = ((byte0 << 24) | (byte1 << 16) | (byte2 << 8) | byte3); + return htonl(crc32c); } /* * Subtract 2 timeval structs: out = out - in. * Out is assumed to be within about LONG_MAX seconds of in. */ void tvsub(register struct timeval *out, register struct timeval *in) { if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) { --out->tv_sec; out->tv_usec += 1000000; } out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec; } /* * Construct an Internet address representation. * If the nflag has been supplied, give * numeric value, otherwise try for symbolic name. */ char * inetname(struct in_addr in) { register char *cp; register struct hostent *hp; static int first = 1; static char domain[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1], line[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1]; if (first && !nflag) { first = 0; if (gethostname(domain, sizeof(domain) - 1) < 0) domain[0] = '\0'; else { cp = strchr(domain, '.'); if (cp == NULL) { hp = gethostbyname(domain); if (hp != NULL) cp = strchr(hp->h_name, '.'); } if (cp == NULL) domain[0] = '\0'; else { ++cp; (void)strncpy(domain, cp, sizeof(domain) - 1); domain[sizeof(domain) - 1] = '\0'; } } } if (!nflag && in.s_addr != INADDR_ANY) { hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&in, sizeof(in), AF_INET); if (hp != NULL) { if ((cp = strchr(hp->h_name, '.')) != NULL && strcmp(cp + 1, domain) == 0) *cp = '\0'; (void)strncpy(line, hp->h_name, sizeof(line) - 1); line[sizeof(line) - 1] = '\0'; return (line); } } return (inet_ntoa(in)); } struct hostinfo * gethostinfo(register char *hostname) { register int n; register struct hostent *hp; register struct hostinfo *hi; register char **p; register u_int32_t addr, *ap; if (strlen(hostname) >= MAXHOSTNAMELEN) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: hostname \"%.32s...\" is too long\n", prog, hostname); exit(1); } hi = calloc(1, sizeof(*hi)); if (hi == NULL) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: calloc %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); exit(1); } addr = inet_addr(hostname); if ((int32_t)addr != -1) { hi->name = strdup(hostname); hi->n = 1; hi->addrs = calloc(1, sizeof(hi->addrs[0])); if (hi->addrs == NULL) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: calloc %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); exit(1); } hi->addrs[0] = addr; return (hi); } hp = gethostbyname(hostname); if (hp == NULL) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown host %s\n", prog, hostname); exit(1); } if (hp->h_addrtype != AF_INET || hp->h_length != 4) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: bad host %s\n", prog, hostname); exit(1); } hi->name = strdup(hp->h_name); for (n = 0, p = hp->h_addr_list; *p != NULL; ++n, ++p) continue; hi->n = n; hi->addrs = calloc(n, sizeof(hi->addrs[0])); if (hi->addrs == NULL) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: calloc %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); exit(1); } for (ap = hi->addrs, p = hp->h_addr_list; *p != NULL; ++ap, ++p) memcpy(ap, *p, sizeof(*ap)); return (hi); } void freehostinfo(register struct hostinfo *hi) { if (hi->name != NULL) { free(hi->name); hi->name = NULL; } free((char *)hi->addrs); free((char *)hi); } void getaddr(register u_int32_t *ap, register char *hostname) { register struct hostinfo *hi; hi = gethostinfo(hostname); *ap = hi->addrs[0]; freehostinfo(hi); } void setsin(register struct sockaddr_in *sin, register u_int32_t addr) { memset(sin, 0, sizeof(*sin)); #ifdef HAVE_SOCKADDR_SA_LEN sin->sin_len = sizeof(*sin); #endif sin->sin_family = AF_INET; sin->sin_addr.s_addr = addr; } /* String to value with optional min and max. Handles decimal and hex. */ int str2val(register const char *str, register const char *what, register int mi, register int ma) { register const char *cp; register int val; char *ep; if (str[0] == '0' && (str[1] == 'x' || str[1] == 'X')) { cp = str + 2; val = (int)strtol(cp, &ep, 16); } else val = (int)strtol(str, &ep, 10); if (*ep != '\0') { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: \"%s\" bad value for %s \n", prog, str, what); exit(1); } if (val < mi && mi >= 0) { if (mi == 0) Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s must be >= %d\n", prog, what, mi); else Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s must be > %d\n", prog, what, mi - 1); exit(1); } if (val > ma && ma >= 0) { Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s must be <= %d\n", prog, what, ma); exit(1); } return (val); } struct outproto * setproto(char *pname) { struct outproto *proto; int i; for (i = 0; protos[i].name != NULL; i++) { if (strcasecmp(protos[i].name, pname) == 0) { break; } } proto = &protos[i]; if (proto->name == NULL) { /* generic handler */ struct protoent *pe; u_long pnum; /* Determine the IP protocol number */ if ((pe = getprotobyname(pname)) != NULL) pnum = pe->p_proto; else pnum = str2val(optarg, "proto number", 1, 255); proto->num = pnum; } return proto; } void pkt_compare(const u_char *a, int la, const u_char *b, int lb) { int l; int i; for (i = 0; i < la; i++) Printf("%02x", (unsigned int)a[i]); Printf("\n"); l = (la <= lb) ? la : lb; for (i = 0; i < l; i++) if (a[i] == b[i]) Printf("__"); else Printf("%02x", (unsigned int)b[i]); for (; i < lb; i++) Printf("%02x", (unsigned int)b[i]); Printf("\n"); } void usage(void) { extern char version[]; Fprintf(stderr, "Version %s\n", version); Fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [-adDeFInrSvx] [-f first_ttl] [-g gateway] [-i iface]\n" "\t[-m max_ttl] [-p port] [-P proto] [-q nqueries] [-s src_addr]\n" "\t[-t tos] [-w waittime] [-A as_server] [-z pausemsecs] host [packetlen]\n", prog); exit(1); } Index: stable/10 =================================================================== --- stable/10 (revision 283957) +++ stable/10 (revision 283958) Property changes on: stable/10 ___________________________________________________________________ Modified: svn:mergeinfo ## -0,0 +0,1 ## Merged /head:r283784-283786,283806,283808,283813,283817,283819-283820