diff --git a/sbin/route/route.8 b/sbin/route/route.8
index afcf55ab44c7..25aaf8087343 100644
--- a/sbin/route/route.8
+++ b/sbin/route/route.8
@@ -1,556 +1,568 @@
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 .\"
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 .\"     @(#)route.8	8.3 (Berkeley) 3/19/94
 .\" $FreeBSD$
 .\"
-.Dd March 14, 2023
+.Dd May 27, 2023
 .Dt ROUTE 8
 .Os
 .Sh NAME
 .Nm route
 .Nd manually manipulate the routing tables
 .Sh SYNOPSIS
 .Nm
 .Op Fl dnqtv
 .Ar command
 .Oo
 .Op Ar modifiers
 .Ar args
 .Oc
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
 The
 .Nm
 utility is used to manually manipulate the network
 routing tables.
 It normally is not needed, as a
 system routing table management daemon, such as
 .Xr routed 8 ,
 should tend to this task.
 .Pp
 The
 .Nm
 utility supports a limited number of general options,
 but a rich command language, enabling the user to specify
 any arbitrary request that could be delivered via the
 programmatic interface discussed in
 .Xr route 4 .
 .Pp
 The following options are available:
 .Bl -tag -width indent
 .It Fl 4
 Specify
 .Cm inet
 address family as family hint for subcommands.
 .It Fl 6
 Specify
 .Cm inet6
 address family as family hint for subcommands.
 .It Fl d
 Run in debug-only mode, i.e., do not actually modify the routing table.
 .It Fl n
 Bypass attempts to print host and network names symbolically
 when reporting actions.
 (The process of translating between symbolic
 names and numerical equivalents can be quite time consuming, and
 may require correct operation of the network; thus it may be expedient
 to forget this, especially when attempting to repair networking operations).
 .It Fl t
 Run in test-only mode.
 .Pa /dev/null
 is used instead of a socket.
 .It Fl v
 (verbose) Print additional details.
 .It Fl q
 Suppress all output from the
 .Cm add , change , delete ,
 and
 .Cm flush
 commands.
 .El
 .Pp
 The
 .Nm
 utility provides the following commands:
 .Pp
 .Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
 .It Cm add
 Add a route.
 .It Cm flush
 Remove all routes.
 .It Cm delete
 Delete a specific route.
 .It Cm del
 Another name for the
 .Cm delete
 command.
 .It Cm change
 Change aspects of a route (such as its gateway).
 .It Cm get
 Lookup and display the route for a destination.
 .It Cm monitor
 Continuously report any changes to the routing information base,
 routing lookup misses, or suspected network partitionings.
 .It Cm show
 Another name for the
 .Cm get
 command.
 .El
 .Pp
 The monitor command has the syntax:
 .Pp
 .Bd -ragged -offset indent -compact
 .Nm
 .Op Fl n
 .Cm monitor Op Fl fib Ar number
 .Ed
 .Pp
 The flush command has the syntax:
 .Pp
 .Bd -ragged -offset indent -compact
 .Nm
 .Op Fl n
 .Cm flush Oo Ar family Oc Op Fl fib Ar number
 .Ed
 .Pp
 If the
 .Cm flush
 command is specified,
 .Nm
 will ``flush'' the routing tables of all gateway entries.
 When the address family may is specified by any of the
 .Fl inet6 ,
 or
 .Fl inet
 modifiers, only routes having destinations with addresses in the
 delineated family will be deleted.
 Additionally,
 .Fl 4
 or
 .Fl 6
 can be used as aliases for
 .Fl inet
 and
 .Fl inet6
 modifiers.
 When a
 .Fl fib
 option is specified, the operation will be applied to
 the specified FIB
 .Pq routing table .
 .Pp
 The add command has the following syntax:
 .Pp
 .Bd -ragged -offset indent -compact
 .Nm
 .Op Fl n
 .Cm add
 .Op Fl net No \&| Fl host
 .Ar destination gateway
 .Op Ar netmask
 .Op Fl fib Ar number
 .Ed
 .Pp
 and the other commands have the following syntax:
 .Pp
 .Bd -ragged -offset indent -compact
 .Nm
 .Op Fl n
 .Ar command
 .Op Fl net No \&| Fl host
 .Ar destination
 .Op Ar gateway Op Ar netmask
 .Op Fl fib Ar number
 .Ed
 .Pp
 where
 .Ar destination
 is the destination host or network,
 .Ar gateway
 is the next-hop intermediary via which packets should be routed.
 Routes to a particular host may be distinguished from those to
 a network by interpreting the Internet address specified as the
 .Ar destination
 argument.
 The optional modifiers
 .Fl net
 and
 .Fl host
 force the destination to be interpreted as a network or a host, respectively.
 Otherwise, if the
 .Ar destination
 has a
 .Dq local address part
 of
 INADDR_ANY
 .Pq Li 0.0.0.0 ,
 or if the
 .Ar destination
 is the symbolic name of a network, then the route is
 assumed to be to a network; otherwise, it is presumed to be a
 route to a host.
 Optionally, the
 .Ar destination
 could also be specified in the
 .Ar net Ns / Ns Ar bits
 format.
 .Pp
 For example,
 .Li 128.32
 is interpreted as
 .Fl host Li 128.0.0.32 ;
 .Li 128.32.130
 is interpreted as
 .Fl host Li 128.32.0.130 ;
 .Fl net Li 128.32
 is interpreted as
 .Li 128.32.0.0 ;
 .Fl net Li 128.32.130
 is interpreted as
 .Li 128.32.130.0 ;
 and
 .Li 192.168.64/20
 is interpreted as
 .Fl net Li 192.168.64 Fl netmask Li 255.255.240.0 .
 .Pp
 A
 .Ar destination
 of
 .Ar default
 is a synonym for the default route.
 For
 .Li IPv4
 it is
 .Fl net Fl inet Li 0.0.0.0 ,
 and for
 .Li IPv6
 it is
 .Fl net Fl inet6 Li :: .
 .Pp
 If the destination is directly reachable
 via an interface requiring
 no intermediary system to act as a gateway, the
 .Fl interface
 modifier should be specified;
 the gateway given is the address of this host on the common network,
 indicating the interface to be used for transmission.
 Alternately, if the interface is point to point the name of the interface
 itself may be given, in which case the route remains valid even
 if the local or remote addresses change.
 .Pp
 The optional
 .Fl netmask
 modifier is intended
 to achieve the effect of an OSI ESIS
 redirect with the netmask option,
 or to manually add subnet routes with
 netmasks different from that of the implied network interface
 (as would otherwise be communicated using the OSPF or ISIS routing protocols).
 One specifies an additional ensuing address parameter
 (to be interpreted as a network mask).
 The implicit network mask generated in the AF_INET case
 can be overridden by making sure this option follows the destination parameter.
 .Pp
 For
 .Dv AF_INET6 ,
 the
 .Fl prefixlen
 qualifier
 is available instead of the
 .Fl mask
 qualifier because non-continuous masks are not allowed in IPv6.
 For example,
 .Fl prefixlen Li 32
 specifies that a network mask of
 .Li ffff:ffff:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000
 will be used.
 The default prefixlen is 64.
 However, it is assumed to be 0 if
 .Cm default
 is specified for
 .Ar destination .
 Note that the qualifier works only for
 .Dv AF_INET6
 address family.
 .Pp
 Routes have associated flags which influence operation of the protocols
 when sending to destinations matched by the routes.
 These flags may be set (or sometimes cleared)
 by indicating the following corresponding modifiers:
 .Bd -literal
 -xresolve  RTF_XRESOLVE   - emit mesg on use (for external lookup)
 -iface    ~RTF_GATEWAY    - destination is directly reachable
 -static    RTF_STATIC     - manually added route
 -nostatic ~RTF_STATIC     - pretend route added by kernel or daemon
 -reject    RTF_REJECT     - emit an ICMP unreachable when matched
 -blackhole RTF_BLACKHOLE  - silently discard pkts (during updates)
 -proto1    RTF_PROTO1     - set protocol specific routing flag #1
 -proto2    RTF_PROTO2     - set protocol specific routing flag #2
 .Ed
 .Pp
 The optional modifiers
 .Fl rtt ,
 .Fl rttvar ,
 .Fl sendpipe ,
 .Fl recvpipe ,
 .Fl mtu ,
 .Fl hopcount ,
 .Fl expire ,
 and
 .Fl ssthresh
 provide initial values to quantities maintained in the routing entry
 by transport level protocols, such as TCP or TP4.
 These may be individually locked by preceding each such modifier to
 be locked by
 the
 .Fl lock
 meta-modifier, or one can
 specify that all ensuing metrics may be locked by the
 .Fl lockrest
 meta-modifier.
 .Pp
 Note that
 .Fl expire
 accepts expiration time of the route as the number of seconds since the
 Epoch
 .Pq see Xr time 3 .
 When the first character of the number is
 .Dq +
 or
 .Dq - ,
 it is interpreted as a value relative to the current time.
 .Pp
 The optional modifier
 .Fl fib Ar number
 specifies that the command will be applied to a non-default FIB.
 The
 .Ar number
 must be smaller than the
 .Va net.fibs
 .Xr sysctl 8
 MIB.
 When this modifier is not specified,
 or a negative number is specified,
 the default FIB shown in the
 .Va net.my_fibnum
 .Xr sysctl 8
 MIB will be used.
 .Pp
 The
 .Ar number
 allows multiple FIBs by a comma-separeted list and/or range
 specification.
 The
 .Qq Fl fib Li 2,4,6
 means the FIB number 2, 4, and 6.
 The
 .Qq Fl fib Li 1,3-5,6
 means the 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6.
 .Pp
 In a
 .Cm change
 or
 .Cm add
 command where the destination and gateway are not sufficient to specify
 the route (as in the ISO case where several interfaces may have the
 same address), the
 .Fl ifp
 or
 .Fl ifa
 modifiers may be used to determine the interface or interface address.
 .Pp
 All symbolic names specified for a
 .Ar destination
 or
 .Ar gateway
 are looked up first as a host name using
 .Xr gethostbyname 3 .
 If this lookup fails,
 .Xr getnetbyname 3
 is then used to interpret the name as that of a network.
 .Pp
 The
 .Nm
 utility uses a routing socket and the new message types
 .Dv RTM_ADD , RTM_DELETE , RTM_GET ,
 and
 .Dv RTM_CHANGE .
 As such, only the super-user may modify
 the routing tables.
 .Pp
 .Fx provides support for scalable multipath routing.
 It is activated by default, but can be turned off by setting the
 .Va net.route.multipath
 .Xr sysctl 8
 MIB to 0.
 .Pp
 There are multiple route lookup algorithms available.
 They can be configured by setting
 .Va net.route.algo.inet.algo
 for IPv4 and
 .Va net.route.algo.inet6.algo
 for IPv6
 .Xr sysctl 8
 MIBs.
 .Pp
 A list of available algorithms can be obtained by accessing the
 following
 .Xr sysctl 8
 MIBs
 .Va net.route.algo.inet.algo_list
 for IPv4 and
 .Va net.route.algo.inet6.algo_list
 for IPv6.
 .Pp
 The following algorithms are available:
 .Bl -tag -width radix_lockless
 .It radix
 Base system radix backend.
 .It bsearch
 Lockless binary search in a special IP array, tailored for a small FIB
 with <16 routes.
 This algorithm is only available for IPv4.
 .It radix_lockless
 Lockless immutable radix, re-created on every rtable change,
 tailored for a small FIB with <1000 routes.
 .It dpdk_lpm
 DPDK DIR24-8-based lookups, lockless datastructure, optimized
-for a large FIB.
+for large FIBs.
+DIR24-8 relies on a large flat lookup table (64 MB with IPv4) which is
+directly indexed by the more significant portion of the lookup key.
 In order to use the dpdk_lpm algorithm one or both of the
 following kernel modules must be loaded via
 .Xr loader.conf 5 :
 .Bl -tag -width dpdk_lpm6.ko -compact
 .It dpdk_lpm4.ko
 DPDK implementation for IPv4.
 .It dpdk_lpm6.ko
 DPDK implementation for IPv6.
 .El
+.It dxr
+IPv4 only, lockless, compressed lookup structure
+(below 2.5 Bytes per IPv4 prefix for large BGP FIBs)
+which easily fits into modern CPU cache hierarchies,
+lookup throughput scales linearly with CPU cores.
+Loadable as a kernel module at runtime or via
+.Xr loader.conf 5 :
+.Bl -tag -width fib_dxr.ko -compact
+.It fib_dxr.ko
+.El
 .El
 .Pp
 The algorithms are selected automatically based on the size of the routing
 table of the system.
 They can be changed, but not every algorithm performs best for every
 FIB size.
 .Sh EXIT STATUS
 .Ex -std
 .Sh EXAMPLES
 Add a default route to the network routing table.
 This will send all packets for destinations not available in the routing table
 to the default gateway at 192.168.1.1:
 .Pp
 .Dl route add -net 0.0.0.0/0 192.168.1.1
 .Pp
 A shorter version of adding a default route can also be written as:
 .Pp
 .Dl route add default 192.168.1.1
 .Pp
 Add a static route to the 172.16.10.0/24 network via the 172.16.1.1 gateway:
 .Pp
 .Dl route add -net 172.16.10.0/24 172.16.1.1
 .Pp
 Change the gateway of an already established static route in the routing table:
 .Pp
 .Dl route change -net 172.16.10.0/24 172.16.1.2
 .Pp
 Display the route for a destination network:
 .Pp
 .Dl route show 172.16.10.0
 .Pp
 Delete a static route from the routing table:
 .Pp
 .Dl route delete -net 172.16.10.0/24 172.16.1.2
 .Pp
 Remove all routes from the routing table:
 .Pp
 .Dl route flush
 .Pp
 The routing table can be listed with
 .Xr netstat 1 .
 .Sh DIAGNOSTICS
 .Bl -diag
 .It "add [host \&| network ] %s: gateway %s flags %x"
 The specified route is being added to the tables.
 The
 values printed are from the routing table entry supplied
 in the
 .Xr ioctl 2
 call.
 If the gateway address used was not the primary address of the gateway
 (the first one returned by
 .Xr gethostbyname 3 ) ,
 the gateway address is printed numerically as well as symbolically.
 .It "delete [ host \&| network ] %s: gateway %s flags %x"
 As above, but when deleting an entry.
 .It "%s %s done"
 When the
 .Cm flush
 command is specified, each routing table entry deleted
 is indicated with a message of this form.
 .It "Network is unreachable"
 An attempt to add a route failed because the gateway listed was not
 on a directly-connected network.
 The next-hop gateway must be given.
 .It "not in table"
 A delete operation was attempted for an entry which
 was not present in the tables.
 .It "routing table overflow"
 An add operation was attempted, but the system was
 low on resources and was unable to allocate memory
 to create the new entry.
 .It "gateway uses the same route"
 A
 .Cm change
 operation resulted in a route whose gateway uses the
 same route as the one being changed.
 The next-hop gateway should be reachable through a different route.
 .El
 .Sh SEE ALSO
 .Xr netstat 1 ,
 .Xr netintro 4 ,
 .Xr route 4 ,
 .Xr loader.conf 5 ,
 .Xr arp 8 ,
 .Xr routed 8
 .Sh HISTORY
 The
 .Nm
 utility appeared in
 .Bx 4.2 .
 .Sh BUGS
 The first paragraph may have slightly exaggerated
 .Xr routed 8 Ns 's
 abilities.
 .Pp
 Currently, routes with the
 .Dv RTF_BLACKHOLE
 flag set need to have the gateway set to an instance of the
 .Xr lo 4
 driver, using the
 .Fl iface
 option, for the flag to have any effect; unless IP fast forwarding
 is enabled, in which case the meaning of the flag will always
 be honored.