diff --git a/sys/ufs/ffs/ffs_vfsops.c b/sys/ufs/ffs/ffs_vfsops.c
index 3997c026859c..c749ecbcded9 100644
--- a/sys/ufs/ffs/ffs_vfsops.c
+++ b/sys/ufs/ffs/ffs_vfsops.c
@@ -1,2646 +1,2648 @@
 /*-
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
  *
  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1991, 1993, 1994
  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
  *
  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  * are met:
  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  *    without specific prior written permission.
  *
  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  *
  *	@(#)ffs_vfsops.c	8.31 (Berkeley) 5/20/95
  */
 
 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
 
 #include "opt_quota.h"
 #include "opt_ufs.h"
 #include "opt_ffs.h"
 #include "opt_ddb.h"
 
 #include <sys/param.h>
 #include <sys/gsb_crc32.h>
 #include <sys/systm.h>
 #include <sys/namei.h>
 #include <sys/priv.h>
 #include <sys/proc.h>
 #include <sys/taskqueue.h>
 #include <sys/kernel.h>
 #include <sys/ktr.h>
 #include <sys/vnode.h>
 #include <sys/mount.h>
 #include <sys/bio.h>
 #include <sys/buf.h>
 #include <sys/conf.h>
 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
 #include <sys/ioccom.h>
 #include <sys/malloc.h>
 #include <sys/mutex.h>
 #include <sys/rwlock.h>
 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
 
 #include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>
 
 #include <ufs/ufs/dir.h>
 #include <ufs/ufs/extattr.h>
 #include <ufs/ufs/gjournal.h>
 #include <ufs/ufs/quota.h>
 #include <ufs/ufs/ufsmount.h>
 #include <ufs/ufs/inode.h>
 #include <ufs/ufs/ufs_extern.h>
 
 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
 #include <ufs/ffs/ffs_extern.h>
 
 #include <vm/vm.h>
 #include <vm/uma.h>
 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
 
 #include <geom/geom.h>
 #include <geom/geom_vfs.h>
 
 #include <ddb/ddb.h>
 
 static uma_zone_t uma_inode, uma_ufs1, uma_ufs2;
 VFS_SMR_DECLARE;
 
 static int	ffs_mountfs(struct vnode *, struct mount *, struct thread *);
 static void	ffs_oldfscompat_read(struct fs *, struct ufsmount *,
 		    ufs2_daddr_t);
 static void	ffs_ifree(struct ufsmount *ump, struct inode *ip);
 static int	ffs_sync_lazy(struct mount *mp);
 static int	ffs_use_bread(void *devfd, off_t loc, void **bufp, int size);
 static int	ffs_use_bwrite(void *devfd, off_t loc, void *buf, int size);
 
 static vfs_init_t ffs_init;
 static vfs_uninit_t ffs_uninit;
 static vfs_extattrctl_t ffs_extattrctl;
 static vfs_cmount_t ffs_cmount;
 static vfs_unmount_t ffs_unmount;
 static vfs_mount_t ffs_mount;
 static vfs_statfs_t ffs_statfs;
 static vfs_fhtovp_t ffs_fhtovp;
 static vfs_sync_t ffs_sync;
 
 static struct vfsops ufs_vfsops = {
 	.vfs_extattrctl =	ffs_extattrctl,
 	.vfs_fhtovp =		ffs_fhtovp,
 	.vfs_init =		ffs_init,
 	.vfs_mount =		ffs_mount,
 	.vfs_cmount =		ffs_cmount,
 	.vfs_quotactl =		ufs_quotactl,
 	.vfs_root =		vfs_cache_root,
 	.vfs_cachedroot =	ufs_root,
 	.vfs_statfs =		ffs_statfs,
 	.vfs_sync =		ffs_sync,
 	.vfs_uninit =		ffs_uninit,
 	.vfs_unmount =		ffs_unmount,
 	.vfs_vget =		ffs_vget,
 	.vfs_susp_clean =	process_deferred_inactive,
 };
 
 VFS_SET(ufs_vfsops, ufs, 0);
 MODULE_VERSION(ufs, 1);
 
 static b_strategy_t ffs_geom_strategy;
 static b_write_t ffs_bufwrite;
 
 static struct buf_ops ffs_ops = {
 	.bop_name =	"FFS",
 	.bop_write =	ffs_bufwrite,
 	.bop_strategy =	ffs_geom_strategy,
 	.bop_sync =	bufsync,
 #ifdef NO_FFS_SNAPSHOT
 	.bop_bdflush =	bufbdflush,
 #else
 	.bop_bdflush =	ffs_bdflush,
 #endif
 };
 
 /*
  * Note that userquota and groupquota options are not currently used
  * by UFS/FFS code and generally mount(8) does not pass those options
  * from userland, but they can be passed by loader(8) via
  * vfs.root.mountfrom.options.
  */
 static const char *ffs_opts[] = { "acls", "async", "noatime", "noclusterr",
     "noclusterw", "noexec", "export", "force", "from", "groupquota",
     "multilabel", "nfsv4acls", "snapshot", "nosuid", "suiddir",
     "nosymfollow", "sync", "union", "userquota", "untrusted", NULL };
 
 static int ffs_enxio_enable = 1;
 SYSCTL_DECL(_vfs_ffs);
 SYSCTL_INT(_vfs_ffs, OID_AUTO, enxio_enable, CTLFLAG_RWTUN,
     &ffs_enxio_enable, 0,
     "enable mapping of other disk I/O errors to ENXIO");
 
 /*
  * Return buffer with the contents of block "offset" from the beginning of
  * directory "ip".  If "res" is non-zero, fill it in with a pointer to the
  * remaining space in the directory.
  */
 static int
 ffs_blkatoff(struct vnode *vp, off_t offset, char **res, struct buf **bpp)
 {
 	struct inode *ip;
 	struct fs *fs;
 	struct buf *bp;
 	ufs_lbn_t lbn;
 	int bsize, error;
 
 	ip = VTOI(vp);
 	fs = ITOFS(ip);
 	lbn = lblkno(fs, offset);
 	bsize = blksize(fs, ip, lbn);
 
 	*bpp = NULL;
 	error = bread(vp, lbn, bsize, NOCRED, &bp);
 	if (error) {
 		return (error);
 	}
 	if (res)
 		*res = (char *)bp->b_data + blkoff(fs, offset);
 	*bpp = bp;
 	return (0);
 }
 
 /*
  * Load up the contents of an inode and copy the appropriate pieces
  * to the incore copy.
  */
 static int
 ffs_load_inode(struct buf *bp, struct inode *ip, struct fs *fs, ino_t ino)
 {
 	struct ufs1_dinode *dip1;
 	struct ufs2_dinode *dip2;
 	int error;
 
 	if (I_IS_UFS1(ip)) {
 		dip1 = ip->i_din1;
 		*dip1 =
 		    *((struct ufs1_dinode *)bp->b_data + ino_to_fsbo(fs, ino));
 		ip->i_mode = dip1->di_mode;
 		ip->i_nlink = dip1->di_nlink;
 		ip->i_effnlink = dip1->di_nlink;
 		ip->i_size = dip1->di_size;
 		ip->i_flags = dip1->di_flags;
 		ip->i_gen = dip1->di_gen;
 		ip->i_uid = dip1->di_uid;
 		ip->i_gid = dip1->di_gid;
 		return (0);
 	}
 	dip2 = ((struct ufs2_dinode *)bp->b_data + ino_to_fsbo(fs, ino));
 	if ((error = ffs_verify_dinode_ckhash(fs, dip2)) != 0 &&
 	    !ffs_fsfail_cleanup(ITOUMP(ip), error)) {
 		printf("%s: inode %jd: check-hash failed\n", fs->fs_fsmnt,
 		    (intmax_t)ino);
 		return (error);
 	}
 	*ip->i_din2 = *dip2;
 	dip2 = ip->i_din2;
 	ip->i_mode = dip2->di_mode;
 	ip->i_nlink = dip2->di_nlink;
 	ip->i_effnlink = dip2->di_nlink;
 	ip->i_size = dip2->di_size;
 	ip->i_flags = dip2->di_flags;
 	ip->i_gen = dip2->di_gen;
 	ip->i_uid = dip2->di_uid;
 	ip->i_gid = dip2->di_gid;
 	return (0);
 }
 
 /*
  * Verify that a filesystem block number is a valid data block.
  * This routine is only called on untrusted filesystems.
  */
 static int
 ffs_check_blkno(struct mount *mp, ino_t inum, ufs2_daddr_t daddr, int blksize)
 {
 	struct fs *fs;
 	struct ufsmount *ump;
 	ufs2_daddr_t end_daddr;
 	int cg, havemtx;
 
 	KASSERT((mp->mnt_flag & MNT_UNTRUSTED) != 0,
 	    ("ffs_check_blkno called on a trusted file system"));
 	ump = VFSTOUFS(mp);
 	fs = ump->um_fs;
 	cg = dtog(fs, daddr);
 	end_daddr = daddr + numfrags(fs, blksize);
 	/*
 	 * Verify that the block number is a valid data block. Also check
 	 * that it does not point to an inode block or a superblock. Accept
 	 * blocks that are unalloacted (0) or part of snapshot metadata
 	 * (BLK_NOCOPY or BLK_SNAP).
 	 *
 	 * Thus, the block must be in a valid range for the filesystem and
 	 * either in the space before a backup superblock (except the first
 	 * cylinder group where that space is used by the bootstrap code) or
 	 * after the inode blocks and before the end of the cylinder group.
 	 */
 	if ((uint64_t)daddr <= BLK_SNAP ||
 	    ((uint64_t)end_daddr <= fs->fs_size &&
 	    ((cg > 0 && end_daddr <= cgsblock(fs, cg)) ||
 	    (daddr >= cgdmin(fs, cg) &&
 	    end_daddr <= cgbase(fs, cg) + fs->fs_fpg))))
 		return (0);
 	if ((havemtx = mtx_owned(UFS_MTX(ump))) == 0)
 		UFS_LOCK(ump);
 	if (ppsratecheck(&ump->um_last_integritymsg,
 	    &ump->um_secs_integritymsg, 1)) {
 		UFS_UNLOCK(ump);
 		uprintf("\n%s: inode %jd, out-of-range indirect block "
 		    "number %jd\n", mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname, inum, daddr);
 		if (havemtx)
 			UFS_LOCK(ump);
 	} else if (!havemtx)
 		UFS_UNLOCK(ump);
 	return (EINTEGRITY);
 }
 
 /*
  * Initiate a forcible unmount.
  * Used to unmount filesystems whose underlying media has gone away.
  */
 static void
 ffs_fsfail_unmount(void *v, int pending)
 {
 	struct fsfail_task *etp;
 	struct mount *mp;
 
 	etp = v;
 
 	/*
 	 * Find our mount and get a ref on it, then try to unmount.
 	 */
 	mp = vfs_getvfs(&etp->fsid);
 	if (mp != NULL)
 		dounmount(mp, MNT_FORCE, curthread);
 	free(etp, M_UFSMNT);
 }
 
 /*
  * On first ENXIO error, start a task that forcibly unmounts the filesystem.
  *
  * Return true if a cleanup is in progress.
  */
 int
 ffs_fsfail_cleanup(struct ufsmount *ump, int error)
 {
 	int retval;
 
 	UFS_LOCK(ump);
 	retval = ffs_fsfail_cleanup_locked(ump, error);
 	UFS_UNLOCK(ump);
 	return (retval);
 }
 
 int
 ffs_fsfail_cleanup_locked(struct ufsmount *ump, int error)
 {
 	struct fsfail_task *etp;
 	struct task *tp;
 
 	mtx_assert(UFS_MTX(ump), MA_OWNED);
 	if (error == ENXIO && (ump->um_flags & UM_FSFAIL_CLEANUP) == 0) {
 		ump->um_flags |= UM_FSFAIL_CLEANUP;
 		/*
 		 * Queue an async forced unmount.
 		 */
 		etp = ump->um_fsfail_task;
 		ump->um_fsfail_task = NULL;
 		if (etp != NULL) {
 			tp = &etp->task;
 			TASK_INIT(tp, 0, ffs_fsfail_unmount, etp);
 			taskqueue_enqueue(taskqueue_thread, tp);
 			printf("UFS: forcibly unmounting %s from %s\n",
 			    ump->um_mountp->mnt_stat.f_mntfromname,
 			    ump->um_mountp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname);
 		}
 	}
 	return ((ump->um_flags & UM_FSFAIL_CLEANUP) != 0);
 }
 
 /*
  * Wrapper used during ENXIO cleanup to allocate empty buffers when
  * the kernel is unable to read the real one. They are needed so that
  * the soft updates code can use them to unwind its dependencies.
  */
 int
 ffs_breadz(struct ufsmount *ump, struct vnode *vp, daddr_t lblkno,
     daddr_t dblkno, int size, daddr_t *rablkno, int *rabsize, int cnt,
     struct ucred *cred, int flags, void (*ckhashfunc)(struct buf *),
     struct buf **bpp)
 {
 	int error;
 
 	flags |= GB_CVTENXIO;
 	error = breadn_flags(vp, lblkno, dblkno, size, rablkno, rabsize, cnt,
 	    cred, flags, ckhashfunc, bpp);
 	if (error != 0 && ffs_fsfail_cleanup(ump, error)) {
 		error = getblkx(vp, lblkno, dblkno, size, 0, 0, flags, bpp);
 		KASSERT(error == 0, ("getblkx failed"));
 		vfs_bio_bzero_buf(*bpp, 0, size);
 	}
 	return (error);
 }
 
 static int
 ffs_mount(struct mount *mp)
 {
 	struct vnode *devvp, *odevvp;
 	struct thread *td;
 	struct ufsmount *ump = NULL;
 	struct fs *fs;
 	int error, flags;
 	int error1 __diagused;
 	uint64_t mntorflags, saved_mnt_flag;
 	accmode_t accmode;
 	struct nameidata ndp;
 	char *fspec;
 	bool mounted_softdep;
 
 	td = curthread;
 	if (vfs_filteropt(mp->mnt_optnew, ffs_opts))
 		return (EINVAL);
 	if (uma_inode == NULL) {
 		uma_inode = uma_zcreate("FFS inode",
 		    sizeof(struct inode), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
 		    UMA_ALIGN_PTR, 0);
 		uma_ufs1 = uma_zcreate("FFS1 dinode",
 		    sizeof(struct ufs1_dinode), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
 		    UMA_ALIGN_PTR, 0);
 		uma_ufs2 = uma_zcreate("FFS2 dinode",
 		    sizeof(struct ufs2_dinode), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
 		    UMA_ALIGN_PTR, 0);
 		VFS_SMR_ZONE_SET(uma_inode);
 	}
 
 	vfs_deleteopt(mp->mnt_optnew, "groupquota");
 	vfs_deleteopt(mp->mnt_optnew, "userquota");
 
 	fspec = vfs_getopts(mp->mnt_optnew, "from", &error);
 	if (error)
 		return (error);
 
 	mntorflags = 0;
 	if (vfs_getopt(mp->mnt_optnew, "untrusted", NULL, NULL) == 0)
 		mntorflags |= MNT_UNTRUSTED;
 
 	if (vfs_getopt(mp->mnt_optnew, "acls", NULL, NULL) == 0)
 		mntorflags |= MNT_ACLS;
 
 	if (vfs_getopt(mp->mnt_optnew, "snapshot", NULL, NULL) == 0) {
 		mntorflags |= MNT_SNAPSHOT;
 		/*
 		 * Once we have set the MNT_SNAPSHOT flag, do not
 		 * persist "snapshot" in the options list.
 		 */
 		vfs_deleteopt(mp->mnt_optnew, "snapshot");
 		vfs_deleteopt(mp->mnt_opt, "snapshot");
 	}
 
 	if (vfs_getopt(mp->mnt_optnew, "nfsv4acls", NULL, NULL) == 0) {
 		if (mntorflags & MNT_ACLS) {
 			vfs_mount_error(mp,
 			    "\"acls\" and \"nfsv4acls\" options "
 			    "are mutually exclusive");
 			return (EINVAL);
 		}
 		mntorflags |= MNT_NFS4ACLS;
 	}
 
 	MNT_ILOCK(mp);
 	mp->mnt_kern_flag &= ~MNTK_FPLOOKUP;
 	mp->mnt_flag |= mntorflags;
 	MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 
 	/*
 	 * If this is a snapshot request, take the snapshot.
 	 */
 	if (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_SNAPSHOT)
 		return (ffs_snapshot(mp, fspec));
 
 	/*
 	 * Must not call namei() while owning busy ref.
 	 */
 	if (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_UPDATE)
 		vfs_unbusy(mp);
 
 	/*
 	 * Not an update, or updating the name: look up the name
 	 * and verify that it refers to a sensible disk device.
 	 */
 	NDINIT(&ndp, LOOKUP, FOLLOW | LOCKLEAF, UIO_SYSSPACE, fspec, td);
 	error = namei(&ndp);
 	if ((mp->mnt_flag & MNT_UPDATE) != 0) {
 		/*
 		 * Unmount does not start if MNT_UPDATE is set.  Mount
 		 * update busies mp before setting MNT_UPDATE.  We
 		 * must be able to retain our busy ref successfully,
 		 * without sleep.
 		 */
 		error1 = vfs_busy(mp, MBF_NOWAIT);
 		MPASS(error1 == 0);
 	}
 	if (error != 0)
 		return (error);
 	NDFREE(&ndp, NDF_ONLY_PNBUF);
 	if (!vn_isdisk_error(ndp.ni_vp, &error)) {
 		vput(ndp.ni_vp);
 		return (error);
 	}
 
 	/*
 	 * If mount by non-root, then verify that user has necessary
 	 * permissions on the device.
 	 */
 	accmode = VREAD;
 	if ((mp->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY) == 0)
 		accmode |= VWRITE;
 	error = VOP_ACCESS(ndp.ni_vp, accmode, td->td_ucred, td);
 	if (error)
 		error = priv_check(td, PRIV_VFS_MOUNT_PERM);
 	if (error) {
 		vput(ndp.ni_vp);
 		return (error);
 	}
 
 	/*
 	 * New mount
 	 *
 	 * We need the name for the mount point (also used for
 	 * "last mounted on") copied in. If an error occurs,
 	 * the mount point is discarded by the upper level code.
 	 * Note that vfs_mount_alloc() populates f_mntonname for us.
 	 */
 	if ((mp->mnt_flag & MNT_UPDATE) == 0) {
 		if ((error = ffs_mountfs(ndp.ni_vp, mp, td)) != 0) {
 			vrele(ndp.ni_vp);
 			return (error);
 		}
 	} else {
 		/*
 		 * When updating, check whether changing from read-only to
 		 * read/write; if there is no device name, that's all we do.
 		 */
 		ump = VFSTOUFS(mp);
 		fs = ump->um_fs;
 		odevvp = ump->um_odevvp;
 		devvp = ump->um_devvp;
 
 		/*
 		 * If it's not the same vnode, or at least the same device
 		 * then it's not correct.
 		 */
 		if (ndp.ni_vp->v_rdev != ump->um_odevvp->v_rdev)
 			error = EINVAL; /* needs translation */
 		vput(ndp.ni_vp);
 		if (error)
 			return (error);
 		if (fs->fs_ronly == 0 &&
 		    vfs_flagopt(mp->mnt_optnew, "ro", NULL, 0)) {
 			/*
 			 * Flush any dirty data and suspend filesystem.
 			 */
 			if ((error = vn_start_write(NULL, &mp, V_WAIT)) != 0)
 				return (error);
 			error = vfs_write_suspend_umnt(mp);
 			if (error != 0)
 				return (error);
 
 			fs->fs_ronly = 1;
 			if (MOUNTEDSOFTDEP(mp)) {
 				MNT_ILOCK(mp);
 				mp->mnt_flag &= ~MNT_SOFTDEP;
 				MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 				mounted_softdep = true;
 			} else
 				mounted_softdep = false;
 
 			/*
 			 * Check for and optionally get rid of files open
 			 * for writing.
 			 */
 			flags = WRITECLOSE;
 			if (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_FORCE)
 				flags |= FORCECLOSE;
 			if (mounted_softdep) {
 				error = softdep_flushfiles(mp, flags, td);
 			} else {
 				error = ffs_flushfiles(mp, flags, td);
 			}
 			if (error) {
 				fs->fs_ronly = 0;
 				if (mounted_softdep) {
 					MNT_ILOCK(mp);
 					mp->mnt_flag |= MNT_SOFTDEP;
 					MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 				}
 				vfs_write_resume(mp, 0);
 				return (error);
 			}
 
 			if (fs->fs_pendingblocks != 0 ||
 			    fs->fs_pendinginodes != 0) {
 				printf("WARNING: %s Update error: blocks %jd "
 				    "files %d\n", fs->fs_fsmnt, 
 				    (intmax_t)fs->fs_pendingblocks,
 				    fs->fs_pendinginodes);
 				fs->fs_pendingblocks = 0;
 				fs->fs_pendinginodes = 0;
 			}
 			if ((fs->fs_flags & (FS_UNCLEAN | FS_NEEDSFSCK)) == 0)
 				fs->fs_clean = 1;
 			if ((error = ffs_sbupdate(ump, MNT_WAIT, 0)) != 0) {
 				fs->fs_ronly = 0;
 				fs->fs_clean = 0;
 				if (mounted_softdep) {
 					MNT_ILOCK(mp);
 					mp->mnt_flag |= MNT_SOFTDEP;
 					MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 				}
 				vfs_write_resume(mp, 0);
 				return (error);
 			}
 			if (mounted_softdep)
 				softdep_unmount(mp);
 			g_topology_lock();
 			/*
 			 * Drop our write and exclusive access.
 			 */
 			g_access(ump->um_cp, 0, -1, -1);
 			g_topology_unlock();
 			MNT_ILOCK(mp);
 			mp->mnt_flag |= MNT_RDONLY;
 			MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 			/*
 			 * Allow the writers to note that filesystem
 			 * is ro now.
 			 */
 			vfs_write_resume(mp, 0);
 		}
 		if ((mp->mnt_flag & MNT_RELOAD) &&
 		    (error = ffs_reload(mp, 0)) != 0)
 			return (error);
 		if (fs->fs_ronly &&
 		    !vfs_flagopt(mp->mnt_optnew, "ro", NULL, 0)) {
 			/*
 			 * If upgrade to read-write by non-root, then verify
 			 * that user has necessary permissions on the device.
 			 */
 			vn_lock(odevvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
 			error = VOP_ACCESS(odevvp, VREAD | VWRITE,
 			    td->td_ucred, td);
 			if (error)
 				error = priv_check(td, PRIV_VFS_MOUNT_PERM);
 			VOP_UNLOCK(odevvp);
 			if (error) {
 				return (error);
 			}
 			fs->fs_flags &= ~FS_UNCLEAN;
 			if (fs->fs_clean == 0) {
 				fs->fs_flags |= FS_UNCLEAN;
 				if ((mp->mnt_flag & MNT_FORCE) ||
 				    ((fs->fs_flags &
 				     (FS_SUJ | FS_NEEDSFSCK)) == 0 &&
 				     (fs->fs_flags & FS_DOSOFTDEP))) {
 					printf("WARNING: %s was not properly "
 					   "dismounted\n", fs->fs_fsmnt);
 				} else {
 					vfs_mount_error(mp,
 					   "R/W mount of %s denied. %s.%s",
 					   fs->fs_fsmnt,
 					   "Filesystem is not clean - run fsck",
 					   (fs->fs_flags & FS_SUJ) == 0 ? "" :
 					   " Forced mount will invalidate"
 					   " journal contents");
 					return (EPERM);
 				}
 			}
 			g_topology_lock();
 			/*
 			 * Request exclusive write access.
 			 */
 			error = g_access(ump->um_cp, 0, 1, 1);
 			g_topology_unlock();
 			if (error)
 				return (error);
 			if ((error = vn_start_write(NULL, &mp, V_WAIT)) != 0)
 				return (error);
 			error = vfs_write_suspend_umnt(mp);
 			if (error != 0)
 				return (error);
 			fs->fs_ronly = 0;
 			MNT_ILOCK(mp);
 			saved_mnt_flag = MNT_RDONLY;
 			if (MOUNTEDSOFTDEP(mp) && (mp->mnt_flag &
 			    MNT_ASYNC) != 0)
 				saved_mnt_flag |= MNT_ASYNC;
 			mp->mnt_flag &= ~saved_mnt_flag;
 			MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 			fs->fs_mtime = time_second;
 			/* check to see if we need to start softdep */
 			if ((fs->fs_flags & FS_DOSOFTDEP) &&
 			    (error = softdep_mount(devvp, mp, fs, td->td_ucred))){
 				fs->fs_ronly = 1;
 				MNT_ILOCK(mp);
 				mp->mnt_flag |= saved_mnt_flag;
 				MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 				vfs_write_resume(mp, 0);
 				return (error);
 			}
 			fs->fs_clean = 0;
 			if ((error = ffs_sbupdate(ump, MNT_WAIT, 0)) != 0) {
 				fs->fs_ronly = 1;
 				if ((fs->fs_flags & FS_DOSOFTDEP) != 0)
 					softdep_unmount(mp);
 				MNT_ILOCK(mp);
 				mp->mnt_flag |= saved_mnt_flag;
 				MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 				vfs_write_resume(mp, 0);
 				return (error);
 			}
 			if (fs->fs_snapinum[0] != 0)
 				ffs_snapshot_mount(mp);
 			vfs_write_resume(mp, 0);
 		}
 		/*
 		 * Soft updates is incompatible with "async",
 		 * so if we are doing softupdates stop the user
 		 * from setting the async flag in an update.
 		 * Softdep_mount() clears it in an initial mount
 		 * or ro->rw remount.
 		 */
 		if (MOUNTEDSOFTDEP(mp)) {
 			/* XXX: Reset too late ? */
 			MNT_ILOCK(mp);
 			mp->mnt_flag &= ~MNT_ASYNC;
 			MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 		}
 		/*
 		 * Keep MNT_ACLS flag if it is stored in superblock.
 		 */
 		if ((fs->fs_flags & FS_ACLS) != 0) {
 			/* XXX: Set too late ? */
 			MNT_ILOCK(mp);
 			mp->mnt_flag |= MNT_ACLS;
 			MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 		}
 
 		if ((fs->fs_flags & FS_NFS4ACLS) != 0) {
 			/* XXX: Set too late ? */
 			MNT_ILOCK(mp);
 			mp->mnt_flag |= MNT_NFS4ACLS;
 			MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 		}
 
 	}
 
 	MNT_ILOCK(mp);
 	/*
 	 * This is racy versus lookup, see ufs_fplookup_vexec for details.
 	 */
 	if ((mp->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_FPLOOKUP) != 0)
 		panic("MNTK_FPLOOKUP set on mount %p when it should not be", mp);
 	if ((mp->mnt_flag & (MNT_ACLS | MNT_NFS4ACLS | MNT_UNION)) == 0)
 		mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_FPLOOKUP;
 	MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 
 	vfs_mountedfrom(mp, fspec);
 	return (0);
 }
 
 /*
  * Compatibility with old mount system call.
  */
 
 static int
 ffs_cmount(struct mntarg *ma, void *data, uint64_t flags)
 {
 	struct ufs_args args;
 	int error;
 
 	if (data == NULL)
 		return (EINVAL);
 	error = copyin(data, &args, sizeof args);
 	if (error)
 		return (error);
 
 	ma = mount_argsu(ma, "from", args.fspec, MAXPATHLEN);
 	ma = mount_arg(ma, "export", &args.export, sizeof(args.export));
 	error = kernel_mount(ma, flags);
 
 	return (error);
 }
 
 /*
  * Reload all incore data for a filesystem (used after running fsck on
  * the root filesystem and finding things to fix). If the 'force' flag
  * is 0, the filesystem must be mounted read-only.
  *
  * Things to do to update the mount:
  *	1) invalidate all cached meta-data.
  *	2) re-read superblock from disk.
  *	3) re-read summary information from disk.
  *	4) invalidate all inactive vnodes.
  *	5) clear MNTK_SUSPEND2 and MNTK_SUSPENDED flags, allowing secondary
  *	   writers, if requested.
  *	6) invalidate all cached file data.
  *	7) re-read inode data for all active vnodes.
  */
 int
 ffs_reload(struct mount *mp, int flags)
 {
 	struct vnode *vp, *mvp, *devvp;
 	struct inode *ip;
 	void *space;
 	struct buf *bp;
 	struct fs *fs, *newfs;
 	struct ufsmount *ump;
 	ufs2_daddr_t sblockloc;
 	int i, blks, error;
 	u_long size;
 	int32_t *lp;
 
 	ump = VFSTOUFS(mp);
 
 	MNT_ILOCK(mp);
 	if ((mp->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY) == 0 && (flags & FFSR_FORCE) == 0) {
 		MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 		return (EINVAL);
 	}
 	MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 
 	/*
 	 * Step 1: invalidate all cached meta-data.
 	 */
 	devvp = VFSTOUFS(mp)->um_devvp;
 	vn_lock(devvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
 	if (vinvalbuf(devvp, 0, 0, 0) != 0)
 		panic("ffs_reload: dirty1");
 	VOP_UNLOCK(devvp);
 
 	/*
 	 * Step 2: re-read superblock from disk.
 	 */
 	fs = VFSTOUFS(mp)->um_fs;
 	if ((error = bread(devvp, btodb(fs->fs_sblockloc), fs->fs_sbsize,
 	    NOCRED, &bp)) != 0)
 		return (error);
 	newfs = (struct fs *)bp->b_data;
 	if ((newfs->fs_magic != FS_UFS1_MAGIC &&
 	     newfs->fs_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC) ||
 	    newfs->fs_bsize > MAXBSIZE ||
 	    newfs->fs_bsize < sizeof(struct fs)) {
 			brelse(bp);
 			return (EIO);		/* XXX needs translation */
 	}
 	/*
 	 * Preserve the summary information, read-only status, and
 	 * superblock location by copying these fields into our new
 	 * superblock before using it to update the existing superblock.
 	 */
 	newfs->fs_si = fs->fs_si;
 	newfs->fs_ronly = fs->fs_ronly;
 	sblockloc = fs->fs_sblockloc;
 	bcopy(newfs, fs, (u_int)fs->fs_sbsize);
 	brelse(bp);
 	ump->um_maxsymlinklen = fs->fs_maxsymlinklen;
 	ffs_oldfscompat_read(fs, VFSTOUFS(mp), sblockloc);
 	UFS_LOCK(ump);
 	if (fs->fs_pendingblocks != 0 || fs->fs_pendinginodes != 0) {
 		printf("WARNING: %s: reload pending error: blocks %jd "
 		    "files %d\n", fs->fs_fsmnt, (intmax_t)fs->fs_pendingblocks,
 		    fs->fs_pendinginodes);
 		fs->fs_pendingblocks = 0;
 		fs->fs_pendinginodes = 0;
 	}
 	UFS_UNLOCK(ump);
 
 	/*
 	 * Step 3: re-read summary information from disk.
 	 */
 	size = fs->fs_cssize;
 	blks = howmany(size, fs->fs_fsize);
 	if (fs->fs_contigsumsize > 0)
 		size += fs->fs_ncg * sizeof(int32_t);
 	size += fs->fs_ncg * sizeof(u_int8_t);
 	free(fs->fs_csp, M_UFSMNT);
 	space = malloc(size, M_UFSMNT, M_WAITOK);
 	fs->fs_csp = space;
 	for (i = 0; i < blks; i += fs->fs_frag) {
 		size = fs->fs_bsize;
 		if (i + fs->fs_frag > blks)
 			size = (blks - i) * fs->fs_fsize;
 		error = bread(devvp, fsbtodb(fs, fs->fs_csaddr + i), size,
 		    NOCRED, &bp);
 		if (error)
 			return (error);
 		bcopy(bp->b_data, space, (u_int)size);
 		space = (char *)space + size;
 		brelse(bp);
 	}
 	/*
 	 * We no longer know anything about clusters per cylinder group.
 	 */
 	if (fs->fs_contigsumsize > 0) {
 		fs->fs_maxcluster = lp = space;
 		for (i = 0; i < fs->fs_ncg; i++)
 			*lp++ = fs->fs_contigsumsize;
 		space = lp;
 	}
 	size = fs->fs_ncg * sizeof(u_int8_t);
 	fs->fs_contigdirs = (u_int8_t *)space;
 	bzero(fs->fs_contigdirs, size);
 	if ((flags & FFSR_UNSUSPEND) != 0) {
 		MNT_ILOCK(mp);
 		mp->mnt_kern_flag &= ~(MNTK_SUSPENDED | MNTK_SUSPEND2);
 		wakeup(&mp->mnt_flag);
 		MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 	}
 
 loop:
 	MNT_VNODE_FOREACH_ALL(vp, mp, mvp) {
 		/*
 		 * Skip syncer vnode.
 		 */
 		if (vp->v_type == VNON) {
 			VI_UNLOCK(vp);
 			continue;
 		}
 		/*
 		 * Step 4: invalidate all cached file data.
 		 */
 		if (vget(vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_INTERLOCK)) {
 			MNT_VNODE_FOREACH_ALL_ABORT(mp, mvp);
 			goto loop;
 		}
 		if (vinvalbuf(vp, 0, 0, 0))
 			panic("ffs_reload: dirty2");
 		/*
 		 * Step 5: re-read inode data for all active vnodes.
 		 */
 		ip = VTOI(vp);
 		error =
 		    bread(devvp, fsbtodb(fs, ino_to_fsba(fs, ip->i_number)),
 		    (int)fs->fs_bsize, NOCRED, &bp);
 		if (error) {
 			vput(vp);
 			MNT_VNODE_FOREACH_ALL_ABORT(mp, mvp);
 			return (error);
 		}
 		if ((error = ffs_load_inode(bp, ip, fs, ip->i_number)) != 0) {
 			brelse(bp);
 			vput(vp);
 			MNT_VNODE_FOREACH_ALL_ABORT(mp, mvp);
 			return (error);
 		}
 		ip->i_effnlink = ip->i_nlink;
 		brelse(bp);
 		vput(vp);
 	}
 	return (0);
 }
 
 /*
  * Common code for mount and mountroot
  */
 static int
 ffs_mountfs(odevvp, mp, td)
 	struct vnode *odevvp;
 	struct mount *mp;
 	struct thread *td;
 {
 	struct ufsmount *ump;
 	struct fs *fs;
 	struct cdev *dev;
 	int error, i, len, ronly;
 	struct ucred *cred;
 	struct g_consumer *cp;
 	struct mount *nmp;
 	struct vnode *devvp;
 	struct fsfail_task *etp;
 	int candelete, canspeedup;
 	off_t loc;
 
 	fs = NULL;
 	ump = NULL;
 	cred = td ? td->td_ucred : NOCRED;
 	ronly = (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY) != 0;
 
 	devvp = mntfs_allocvp(mp, odevvp);
 	VOP_UNLOCK(odevvp);
 	vn_lock(devvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
 	KASSERT(devvp->v_type == VCHR, ("reclaimed devvp"));
 	dev = devvp->v_rdev;
 	KASSERT(dev->si_snapdata == NULL, ("non-NULL snapshot data"));
 	if (atomic_cmpset_acq_ptr((uintptr_t *)&dev->si_mountpt, 0,
 	    (uintptr_t)mp) == 0) {
 		mntfs_freevp(devvp);
 		return (EBUSY);
 	}
 	g_topology_lock();
 	error = g_vfs_open(devvp, &cp, "ffs", ronly ? 0 : 1);
 	g_topology_unlock();
 	if (error != 0) {
 		atomic_store_rel_ptr((uintptr_t *)&dev->si_mountpt, 0);
 		mntfs_freevp(devvp);
 		return (error);
 	}
 	dev_ref(dev);
 	devvp->v_bufobj.bo_ops = &ffs_ops;
 	BO_LOCK(&odevvp->v_bufobj);
 	odevvp->v_bufobj.bo_flag |= BO_NOBUFS;
 	BO_UNLOCK(&odevvp->v_bufobj);
 	VOP_UNLOCK(devvp);
 	if (dev->si_iosize_max != 0)
 		mp->mnt_iosize_max = dev->si_iosize_max;
 	if (mp->mnt_iosize_max > maxphys)
 		mp->mnt_iosize_max = maxphys;
 	if ((SBLOCKSIZE % cp->provider->sectorsize) != 0) {
 		error = EINVAL;
 		vfs_mount_error(mp,
 		    "Invalid sectorsize %d for superblock size %d",
 		    cp->provider->sectorsize, SBLOCKSIZE);
 		goto out;
 	}
 	/* fetch the superblock and summary information */
 	loc = STDSB;
 	if ((mp->mnt_flag & MNT_ROOTFS) != 0)
 		loc = STDSB_NOHASHFAIL;
 	if ((error = ffs_sbget(devvp, &fs, loc, M_UFSMNT, ffs_use_bread)) != 0)
 		goto out;
 	fs->fs_flags &= ~FS_UNCLEAN;
 	if (fs->fs_clean == 0) {
 		fs->fs_flags |= FS_UNCLEAN;
 		if (ronly || (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_FORCE) ||
 		    ((fs->fs_flags & (FS_SUJ | FS_NEEDSFSCK)) == 0 &&
 		     (fs->fs_flags & FS_DOSOFTDEP))) {
 			printf("WARNING: %s was not properly dismounted\n",
 			    fs->fs_fsmnt);
 		} else {
 			vfs_mount_error(mp, "R/W mount of %s denied. %s%s",
 			    fs->fs_fsmnt, "Filesystem is not clean - run fsck.",
 			    (fs->fs_flags & FS_SUJ) == 0 ? "" :
 			    " Forced mount will invalidate journal contents");
 			error = EPERM;
 			goto out;
 		}
 		if ((fs->fs_pendingblocks != 0 || fs->fs_pendinginodes != 0) &&
 		    (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_FORCE)) {
 			printf("WARNING: %s: lost blocks %jd files %d\n",
 			    fs->fs_fsmnt, (intmax_t)fs->fs_pendingblocks,
 			    fs->fs_pendinginodes);
 			fs->fs_pendingblocks = 0;
 			fs->fs_pendinginodes = 0;
 		}
 	}
 	if (fs->fs_pendingblocks != 0 || fs->fs_pendinginodes != 0) {
 		printf("WARNING: %s: mount pending error: blocks %jd "
 		    "files %d\n", fs->fs_fsmnt, (intmax_t)fs->fs_pendingblocks,
 		    fs->fs_pendinginodes);
 		fs->fs_pendingblocks = 0;
 		fs->fs_pendinginodes = 0;
 	}
 	if ((fs->fs_flags & FS_GJOURNAL) != 0) {
 #ifdef UFS_GJOURNAL
 		/*
 		 * Get journal provider name.
 		 */
 		len = 1024;
 		mp->mnt_gjprovider = malloc((u_long)len, M_UFSMNT, M_WAITOK);
 		if (g_io_getattr("GJOURNAL::provider", cp, &len,
 		    mp->mnt_gjprovider) == 0) {
 			mp->mnt_gjprovider = realloc(mp->mnt_gjprovider, len,
 			    M_UFSMNT, M_WAITOK);
 			MNT_ILOCK(mp);
 			mp->mnt_flag |= MNT_GJOURNAL;
 			MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 		} else {
 			if ((mp->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY) == 0)
 				printf("WARNING: %s: GJOURNAL flag on fs "
 				    "but no gjournal provider below\n",
 				    mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname);
 			free(mp->mnt_gjprovider, M_UFSMNT);
 			mp->mnt_gjprovider = NULL;
 		}
 #else
 		printf("WARNING: %s: GJOURNAL flag on fs but no "
 		    "UFS_GJOURNAL support\n", mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname);
 #endif
 	} else {
 		mp->mnt_gjprovider = NULL;
 	}
 	ump = malloc(sizeof *ump, M_UFSMNT, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
 	ump->um_cp = cp;
 	ump->um_bo = &devvp->v_bufobj;
 	ump->um_fs = fs;
 	if (fs->fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) {
 		ump->um_fstype = UFS1;
 		ump->um_balloc = ffs_balloc_ufs1;
 	} else {
 		ump->um_fstype = UFS2;
 		ump->um_balloc = ffs_balloc_ufs2;
 	}
 	ump->um_blkatoff = ffs_blkatoff;
 	ump->um_truncate = ffs_truncate;
 	ump->um_update = ffs_update;
 	ump->um_valloc = ffs_valloc;
 	ump->um_vfree = ffs_vfree;
 	ump->um_ifree = ffs_ifree;
 	ump->um_rdonly = ffs_rdonly;
 	ump->um_snapgone = ffs_snapgone;
 	if ((mp->mnt_flag & MNT_UNTRUSTED) != 0)
 		ump->um_check_blkno = ffs_check_blkno;
 	else
 		ump->um_check_blkno = NULL;
 	mtx_init(UFS_MTX(ump), "FFS", "FFS Lock", MTX_DEF);
 	sx_init(&ump->um_checkpath_lock, "uchpth");
 	ffs_oldfscompat_read(fs, ump, fs->fs_sblockloc);
 	fs->fs_ronly = ronly;
 	fs->fs_active = NULL;
 	mp->mnt_data = ump;
 	mp->mnt_stat.f_fsid.val[0] = fs->fs_id[0];
 	mp->mnt_stat.f_fsid.val[1] = fs->fs_id[1];
 	nmp = NULL;
 	if (fs->fs_id[0] == 0 || fs->fs_id[1] == 0 ||
 	    (nmp = vfs_getvfs(&mp->mnt_stat.f_fsid))) {
 		if (nmp)
 			vfs_rel(nmp);
 		vfs_getnewfsid(mp);
 	}
 	ump->um_maxsymlinklen = fs->fs_maxsymlinklen;
 	MNT_ILOCK(mp);
 	mp->mnt_flag |= MNT_LOCAL;
 	MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 	if ((fs->fs_flags & FS_MULTILABEL) != 0) {
 #ifdef MAC
 		MNT_ILOCK(mp);
 		mp->mnt_flag |= MNT_MULTILABEL;
 		MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 #else
 		printf("WARNING: %s: multilabel flag on fs but "
 		    "no MAC support\n", mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname);
 #endif
 	}
 	if ((fs->fs_flags & FS_ACLS) != 0) {
 #ifdef UFS_ACL
 		MNT_ILOCK(mp);
 
 		if (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_NFS4ACLS)
 			printf("WARNING: %s: ACLs flag on fs conflicts with "
 			    "\"nfsv4acls\" mount option; option ignored\n",
 			    mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname);
 		mp->mnt_flag &= ~MNT_NFS4ACLS;
 		mp->mnt_flag |= MNT_ACLS;
 
 		MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 #else
 		printf("WARNING: %s: ACLs flag on fs but no ACLs support\n",
 		    mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname);
 #endif
 	}
 	if ((fs->fs_flags & FS_NFS4ACLS) != 0) {
 #ifdef UFS_ACL
 		MNT_ILOCK(mp);
 
 		if (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_ACLS)
 			printf("WARNING: %s: NFSv4 ACLs flag on fs conflicts "
 			    "with \"acls\" mount option; option ignored\n",
 			    mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname);
 		mp->mnt_flag &= ~MNT_ACLS;
 		mp->mnt_flag |= MNT_NFS4ACLS;
 
 		MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 #else
 		printf("WARNING: %s: NFSv4 ACLs flag on fs but no "
 		    "ACLs support\n", mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname);
 #endif
 	}
 	if ((fs->fs_flags & FS_TRIM) != 0) {
 		len = sizeof(int);
 		if (g_io_getattr("GEOM::candelete", cp, &len,
 		    &candelete) == 0) {
 			if (candelete)
 				ump->um_flags |= UM_CANDELETE;
 			else
 				printf("WARNING: %s: TRIM flag on fs but disk "
 				    "does not support TRIM\n",
 				    mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname);
 		} else {
 			printf("WARNING: %s: TRIM flag on fs but disk does "
 			    "not confirm that it supports TRIM\n",
 			    mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname);
 		}
 		if (((ump->um_flags) & UM_CANDELETE) != 0) {
 			ump->um_trim_tq = taskqueue_create("trim", M_WAITOK,
 			    taskqueue_thread_enqueue, &ump->um_trim_tq);
 			taskqueue_start_threads(&ump->um_trim_tq, 1, PVFS,
 			    "%s trim", mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname);
 			ump->um_trimhash = hashinit(MAXTRIMIO, M_TRIM,
 			    &ump->um_trimlisthashsize);
 		}
 	}
 
 	len = sizeof(int);
 	if (g_io_getattr("GEOM::canspeedup", cp, &len, &canspeedup) == 0) {
 		if (canspeedup)
 			ump->um_flags |= UM_CANSPEEDUP;
 	}
 
 	ump->um_mountp = mp;
 	ump->um_dev = dev;
 	ump->um_devvp = devvp;
 	ump->um_odevvp = odevvp;
 	ump->um_nindir = fs->fs_nindir;
 	ump->um_bptrtodb = fs->fs_fsbtodb;
 	ump->um_seqinc = fs->fs_frag;
 	for (i = 0; i < MAXQUOTAS; i++)
 		ump->um_quotas[i] = NULLVP;
 #ifdef UFS_EXTATTR
 	ufs_extattr_uepm_init(&ump->um_extattr);
 #endif
 	/*
 	 * Set FS local "last mounted on" information (NULL pad)
 	 */
 	bzero(fs->fs_fsmnt, MAXMNTLEN);
 	strlcpy(fs->fs_fsmnt, mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname, MAXMNTLEN);
 	mp->mnt_stat.f_iosize = fs->fs_bsize;
 
 	if (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_ROOTFS) {
 		/*
 		 * Root mount; update timestamp in mount structure.
 		 * this will be used by the common root mount code
 		 * to update the system clock.
 		 */
 		mp->mnt_time = fs->fs_time;
 	}
 
 	if (ronly == 0) {
 		fs->fs_mtime = time_second;
 		if ((fs->fs_flags & FS_DOSOFTDEP) &&
 		    (error = softdep_mount(devvp, mp, fs, cred)) != 0) {
 			ffs_flushfiles(mp, FORCECLOSE, td);
 			goto out;
 		}
 		if (fs->fs_snapinum[0] != 0)
 			ffs_snapshot_mount(mp);
 		fs->fs_fmod = 1;
 		fs->fs_clean = 0;
 		(void) ffs_sbupdate(ump, MNT_WAIT, 0);
 	}
 	/*
 	 * Initialize filesystem state information in mount struct.
 	 */
 	MNT_ILOCK(mp);
 	mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_LOOKUP_SHARED | MNTK_EXTENDED_SHARED |
 	    MNTK_NO_IOPF | MNTK_UNMAPPED_BUFS | MNTK_USES_BCACHE;
 	MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 #ifdef UFS_EXTATTR
 #ifdef UFS_EXTATTR_AUTOSTART
 	/*
 	 *
 	 * Auto-starting does the following:
 	 *	- check for /.attribute in the fs, and extattr_start if so
 	 *	- for each file in .attribute, enable that file with
 	 * 	  an attribute of the same name.
 	 * Not clear how to report errors -- probably eat them.
 	 * This would all happen while the filesystem was busy/not
 	 * available, so would effectively be "atomic".
 	 */
 	(void) ufs_extattr_autostart(mp, td);
 #endif /* !UFS_EXTATTR_AUTOSTART */
 #endif /* !UFS_EXTATTR */
 	etp = malloc(sizeof *ump->um_fsfail_task, M_UFSMNT, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
 	etp->fsid = mp->mnt_stat.f_fsid;
 	ump->um_fsfail_task = etp;
 	return (0);
 out:
 	if (fs != NULL) {
 		free(fs->fs_csp, M_UFSMNT);
 		free(fs->fs_si, M_UFSMNT);
 		free(fs, M_UFSMNT);
 	}
 	if (cp != NULL) {
 		g_topology_lock();
 		g_vfs_close(cp);
 		g_topology_unlock();
 	}
 	if (ump != NULL) {
 		mtx_destroy(UFS_MTX(ump));
 		sx_destroy(&ump->um_checkpath_lock);
 		if (mp->mnt_gjprovider != NULL) {
 			free(mp->mnt_gjprovider, M_UFSMNT);
 			mp->mnt_gjprovider = NULL;
 		}
 		MPASS(ump->um_softdep == NULL);
 		free(ump, M_UFSMNT);
 		mp->mnt_data = NULL;
 	}
 	BO_LOCK(&odevvp->v_bufobj);
 	odevvp->v_bufobj.bo_flag &= ~BO_NOBUFS;
 	BO_UNLOCK(&odevvp->v_bufobj);
 	atomic_store_rel_ptr((uintptr_t *)&dev->si_mountpt, 0);
 	vn_lock(devvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
 	mntfs_freevp(devvp);
 	dev_rel(dev);
 	return (error);
 }
 
 /*
  * A read function for use by filesystem-layer routines.
  */
 static int
 ffs_use_bread(void *devfd, off_t loc, void **bufp, int size)
 {
 	struct buf *bp;
 	int error;
 
 	KASSERT(*bufp == NULL, ("ffs_use_bread: non-NULL *bufp %p\n", *bufp));
 	*bufp = malloc(size, M_UFSMNT, M_WAITOK);
 	if ((error = bread((struct vnode *)devfd, btodb(loc), size, NOCRED,
 	    &bp)) != 0)
 		return (error);
 	bcopy(bp->b_data, *bufp, size);
 	bp->b_flags |= B_INVAL | B_NOCACHE;
 	brelse(bp);
 	return (0);
 }
 
 static int bigcgs = 0;
 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, bigcgs, CTLFLAG_RW, &bigcgs, 0, "");
 
 /*
  * Sanity checks for loading old filesystem superblocks.
  * See ffs_oldfscompat_write below for unwound actions.
  *
  * XXX - Parts get retired eventually.
  * Unfortunately new bits get added.
  */
 static void
 ffs_oldfscompat_read(fs, ump, sblockloc)
 	struct fs *fs;
 	struct ufsmount *ump;
 	ufs2_daddr_t sblockloc;
 {
 	off_t maxfilesize;
 
 	/*
 	 * If not yet done, update fs_flags location and value of fs_sblockloc.
 	 */
 	if ((fs->fs_old_flags & FS_FLAGS_UPDATED) == 0) {
 		fs->fs_flags = fs->fs_old_flags;
 		fs->fs_old_flags |= FS_FLAGS_UPDATED;
 		fs->fs_sblockloc = sblockloc;
 	}
 	/*
 	 * If not yet done, update UFS1 superblock with new wider fields.
 	 */
 	if (fs->fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC && fs->fs_maxbsize != fs->fs_bsize) {
 		fs->fs_maxbsize = fs->fs_bsize;
 		fs->fs_time = fs->fs_old_time;
 		fs->fs_size = fs->fs_old_size;
 		fs->fs_dsize = fs->fs_old_dsize;
 		fs->fs_csaddr = fs->fs_old_csaddr;
 		fs->fs_cstotal.cs_ndir = fs->fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir;
 		fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree = fs->fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree;
 		fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nifree = fs->fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree;
 		fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nffree = fs->fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree;
 	}
 	if (fs->fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC &&
 	    fs->fs_old_inodefmt < FS_44INODEFMT) {
 		fs->fs_maxfilesize = ((uint64_t)1 << 31) - 1;
 		fs->fs_qbmask = ~fs->fs_bmask;
 		fs->fs_qfmask = ~fs->fs_fmask;
 	}
 	if (fs->fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) {
 		ump->um_savedmaxfilesize = fs->fs_maxfilesize;
 		maxfilesize = (uint64_t)0x80000000 * fs->fs_bsize - 1;
 		if (fs->fs_maxfilesize > maxfilesize)
 			fs->fs_maxfilesize = maxfilesize;
 	}
 	/* Compatibility for old filesystems */
 	if (fs->fs_avgfilesize <= 0)
 		fs->fs_avgfilesize = AVFILESIZ;
 	if (fs->fs_avgfpdir <= 0)
 		fs->fs_avgfpdir = AFPDIR;
 	if (bigcgs) {
 		fs->fs_save_cgsize = fs->fs_cgsize;
 		fs->fs_cgsize = fs->fs_bsize;
 	}
 }
 
 /*
  * Unwinding superblock updates for old filesystems.
  * See ffs_oldfscompat_read above for details.
  *
  * XXX - Parts get retired eventually.
  * Unfortunately new bits get added.
  */
 void
 ffs_oldfscompat_write(fs, ump)
 	struct fs *fs;
 	struct ufsmount *ump;
 {
 
 	/*
 	 * Copy back UFS2 updated fields that UFS1 inspects.
 	 */
 	if (fs->fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) {
 		fs->fs_old_time = fs->fs_time;
 		fs->fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir = fs->fs_cstotal.cs_ndir;
 		fs->fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree = fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree;
 		fs->fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree = fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nifree;
 		fs->fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree = fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nffree;
 		fs->fs_maxfilesize = ump->um_savedmaxfilesize;
 	}
 	if (bigcgs) {
 		fs->fs_cgsize = fs->fs_save_cgsize;
 		fs->fs_save_cgsize = 0;
 	}
 }
 
 /*
  * unmount system call
  */
 static int
 ffs_unmount(mp, mntflags)
 	struct mount *mp;
 	int mntflags;
 {
 	struct thread *td;
 	struct ufsmount *ump = VFSTOUFS(mp);
 	struct fs *fs;
 	int error, flags, susp;
 #ifdef UFS_EXTATTR
 	int e_restart;
 #endif
 
 	flags = 0;
 	td = curthread;
 	fs = ump->um_fs;
 	if (mntflags & MNT_FORCE)
 		flags |= FORCECLOSE;
 	susp = fs->fs_ronly == 0;
 #ifdef UFS_EXTATTR
 	if ((error = ufs_extattr_stop(mp, td))) {
 		if (error != EOPNOTSUPP)
 			printf("WARNING: unmount %s: ufs_extattr_stop "
 			    "returned errno %d\n", mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname,
 			    error);
 		e_restart = 0;
 	} else {
 		ufs_extattr_uepm_destroy(&ump->um_extattr);
 		e_restart = 1;
 	}
 #endif
 	if (susp) {
 		error = vfs_write_suspend_umnt(mp);
 		if (error != 0)
 			goto fail1;
 	}
 	if (MOUNTEDSOFTDEP(mp))
 		error = softdep_flushfiles(mp, flags, td);
 	else
 		error = ffs_flushfiles(mp, flags, td);
 	if (error != 0 && !ffs_fsfail_cleanup(ump, error))
 		goto fail;
 
 	UFS_LOCK(ump);
 	if (fs->fs_pendingblocks != 0 || fs->fs_pendinginodes != 0) {
 		printf("WARNING: unmount %s: pending error: blocks %jd "
 		    "files %d\n", fs->fs_fsmnt, (intmax_t)fs->fs_pendingblocks,
 		    fs->fs_pendinginodes);
 		fs->fs_pendingblocks = 0;
 		fs->fs_pendinginodes = 0;
 	}
 	UFS_UNLOCK(ump);
 	if (MOUNTEDSOFTDEP(mp))
 		softdep_unmount(mp);
 	MPASS(ump->um_softdep == NULL);
 	if (fs->fs_ronly == 0) {
 		fs->fs_clean = fs->fs_flags & (FS_UNCLEAN|FS_NEEDSFSCK) ? 0 : 1;
 		error = ffs_sbupdate(ump, MNT_WAIT, 0);
 		if (ffs_fsfail_cleanup(ump, error))
 			error = 0;
 		if (error != 0 && !ffs_fsfail_cleanup(ump, error)) {
 			fs->fs_clean = 0;
 			goto fail;
 		}
 	}
 	if (susp)
 		vfs_write_resume(mp, VR_START_WRITE);
 	if (ump->um_trim_tq != NULL) {
 		while (ump->um_trim_inflight != 0)
 			pause("ufsutr", hz);
 		taskqueue_drain_all(ump->um_trim_tq);
 		taskqueue_free(ump->um_trim_tq);
 		free (ump->um_trimhash, M_TRIM);
 	}
 	vn_lock(ump->um_devvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
 	g_topology_lock();
 	g_vfs_close(ump->um_cp);
 	g_topology_unlock();
 	BO_LOCK(&ump->um_odevvp->v_bufobj);
 	ump->um_odevvp->v_bufobj.bo_flag &= ~BO_NOBUFS;
 	BO_UNLOCK(&ump->um_odevvp->v_bufobj);
 	atomic_store_rel_ptr((uintptr_t *)&ump->um_dev->si_mountpt, 0);
 	mntfs_freevp(ump->um_devvp);
 	vrele(ump->um_odevvp);
 	dev_rel(ump->um_dev);
 	mtx_destroy(UFS_MTX(ump));
 	sx_destroy(&ump->um_checkpath_lock);
 	if (mp->mnt_gjprovider != NULL) {
 		free(mp->mnt_gjprovider, M_UFSMNT);
 		mp->mnt_gjprovider = NULL;
 	}
 	free(fs->fs_csp, M_UFSMNT);
 	free(fs->fs_si, M_UFSMNT);
 	free(fs, M_UFSMNT);
 	if (ump->um_fsfail_task != NULL)
 		free(ump->um_fsfail_task, M_UFSMNT);
 	free(ump, M_UFSMNT);
 	mp->mnt_data = NULL;
 	MNT_ILOCK(mp);
 	mp->mnt_flag &= ~MNT_LOCAL;
 	MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 	if (td->td_su == mp) {
 		td->td_su = NULL;
 		vfs_rel(mp);
 	}
 	return (error);
 
 fail:
 	if (susp)
 		vfs_write_resume(mp, VR_START_WRITE);
 fail1:
 #ifdef UFS_EXTATTR
 	if (e_restart) {
 		ufs_extattr_uepm_init(&ump->um_extattr);
 #ifdef UFS_EXTATTR_AUTOSTART
 		(void) ufs_extattr_autostart(mp, td);
 #endif
 	}
 #endif
 
 	return (error);
 }
 
 /*
  * Flush out all the files in a filesystem.
  */
 int
 ffs_flushfiles(mp, flags, td)
 	struct mount *mp;
 	int flags;
 	struct thread *td;
 {
 	struct ufsmount *ump;
 	int qerror, error;
 
 	ump = VFSTOUFS(mp);
 	qerror = 0;
 #ifdef QUOTA
 	if (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_QUOTA) {
 		int i;
 		error = vflush(mp, 0, SKIPSYSTEM|flags, td);
 		if (error)
 			return (error);
 		for (i = 0; i < MAXQUOTAS; i++) {
 			error = quotaoff(td, mp, i);
 			if (error != 0) {
 				if ((flags & EARLYFLUSH) == 0)
 					return (error);
 				else
 					qerror = error;
 			}
 		}
 
 		/*
 		 * Here we fall through to vflush again to ensure that
 		 * we have gotten rid of all the system vnodes, unless
 		 * quotas must not be closed.
 		 */
 	}
 #endif
 	/* devvp is not locked there */
 	if (ump->um_devvp->v_vflag & VV_COPYONWRITE) {
 		if ((error = vflush(mp, 0, SKIPSYSTEM | flags, td)) != 0)
 			return (error);
 		ffs_snapshot_unmount(mp);
 		flags |= FORCECLOSE;
 		/*
 		 * Here we fall through to vflush again to ensure
 		 * that we have gotten rid of all the system vnodes.
 		 */
 	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Do not close system files if quotas were not closed, to be
 	 * able to sync the remaining dquots.  The freeblks softupdate
 	 * workitems might hold a reference on a dquot, preventing
 	 * quotaoff() from completing.  Next round of
 	 * softdep_flushworklist() iteration should process the
 	 * blockers, allowing the next run of quotaoff() to finally
 	 * flush held dquots.
 	 *
 	 * Otherwise, flush all the files.
 	 */
 	if (qerror == 0 && (error = vflush(mp, 0, flags, td)) != 0)
 		return (error);
 
 	/*
 	 * Flush filesystem metadata.
 	 */
 	vn_lock(ump->um_devvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
 	error = VOP_FSYNC(ump->um_devvp, MNT_WAIT, td);
 	VOP_UNLOCK(ump->um_devvp);
 	return (error);
 }
 
 /*
  * Get filesystem statistics.
  */
 static int
 ffs_statfs(mp, sbp)
 	struct mount *mp;
 	struct statfs *sbp;
 {
 	struct ufsmount *ump;
 	struct fs *fs;
 
 	ump = VFSTOUFS(mp);
 	fs = ump->um_fs;
 	if (fs->fs_magic != FS_UFS1_MAGIC && fs->fs_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC)
 		panic("ffs_statfs");
 	sbp->f_version = STATFS_VERSION;
 	sbp->f_bsize = fs->fs_fsize;
 	sbp->f_iosize = fs->fs_bsize;
 	sbp->f_blocks = fs->fs_dsize;
 	UFS_LOCK(ump);
 	sbp->f_bfree = fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree * fs->fs_frag +
 	    fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nffree + dbtofsb(fs, fs->fs_pendingblocks);
 	sbp->f_bavail = freespace(fs, fs->fs_minfree) +
 	    dbtofsb(fs, fs->fs_pendingblocks);
 	sbp->f_files =  fs->fs_ncg * fs->fs_ipg - UFS_ROOTINO;
 	sbp->f_ffree = fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nifree + fs->fs_pendinginodes;
 	UFS_UNLOCK(ump);
 	sbp->f_namemax = UFS_MAXNAMLEN;
 	return (0);
 }
 
 static bool
 sync_doupdate(struct inode *ip)
 {
 
 	return ((ip->i_flag & (IN_ACCESS | IN_CHANGE | IN_MODIFIED |
 	    IN_UPDATE)) != 0);
 }
 
 static int
 ffs_sync_lazy_filter(struct vnode *vp, void *arg __unused)
 {
 	struct inode *ip;
 
 	/*
 	 * Flags are safe to access because ->v_data invalidation
 	 * is held off by listmtx.
 	 */
 	if (vp->v_type == VNON)
 		return (false);
 	ip = VTOI(vp);
 	if (!sync_doupdate(ip) && (vp->v_iflag & VI_OWEINACT) == 0)
 		return (false);
 	return (true);
 }
 
 /*
  * For a lazy sync, we only care about access times, quotas and the
  * superblock.  Other filesystem changes are already converted to
  * cylinder group blocks or inode blocks updates and are written to
  * disk by syncer.
  */
 static int
 ffs_sync_lazy(mp)
      struct mount *mp;
 {
 	struct vnode *mvp, *vp;
 	struct inode *ip;
 	int allerror, error;
 
 	allerror = 0;
 	if ((mp->mnt_flag & MNT_NOATIME) != 0) {
 #ifdef QUOTA
 		qsync(mp);
 #endif
 		goto sbupdate;
 	}
 	MNT_VNODE_FOREACH_LAZY(vp, mp, mvp, ffs_sync_lazy_filter, NULL) {
 		if (vp->v_type == VNON) {
 			VI_UNLOCK(vp);
 			continue;
 		}
 		ip = VTOI(vp);
 
 		/*
 		 * The IN_ACCESS flag is converted to IN_MODIFIED by
 		 * ufs_close() and ufs_getattr() by the calls to
 		 * ufs_itimes_locked(), without subsequent UFS_UPDATE().
 		 * Test also all the other timestamp flags too, to pick up
 		 * any other cases that could be missed.
 		 */
 		if (!sync_doupdate(ip) && (vp->v_iflag & VI_OWEINACT) == 0) {
 			VI_UNLOCK(vp);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if ((error = vget(vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_NOWAIT | LK_INTERLOCK)) != 0)
 			continue;
 #ifdef QUOTA
 		qsyncvp(vp);
 #endif
 		if (sync_doupdate(ip))
 			error = ffs_update(vp, 0);
 		if (error != 0)
 			allerror = error;
 		vput(vp);
 	}
 sbupdate:
 	if (VFSTOUFS(mp)->um_fs->fs_fmod != 0 &&
 	    (error = ffs_sbupdate(VFSTOUFS(mp), MNT_LAZY, 0)) != 0)
 		allerror = error;
 	return (allerror);
 }
 
 /*
  * Go through the disk queues to initiate sandbagged IO;
  * go through the inodes to write those that have been modified;
  * initiate the writing of the super block if it has been modified.
  *
  * Note: we are always called with the filesystem marked busy using
  * vfs_busy().
  */
 static int
 ffs_sync(mp, waitfor)
 	struct mount *mp;
 	int waitfor;
 {
 	struct vnode *mvp, *vp, *devvp;
 	struct thread *td;
 	struct inode *ip;
 	struct ufsmount *ump = VFSTOUFS(mp);
 	struct fs *fs;
 	int error, count, lockreq, allerror = 0;
 	int suspend;
 	int suspended;
 	int secondary_writes;
 	int secondary_accwrites;
 	int softdep_deps;
 	int softdep_accdeps;
 	struct bufobj *bo;
 
 	suspend = 0;
 	suspended = 0;
 	td = curthread;
 	fs = ump->um_fs;
 	if (fs->fs_fmod != 0 && fs->fs_ronly != 0)
 		panic("%s: ffs_sync: modification on read-only filesystem",
 		    fs->fs_fsmnt);
 	if (waitfor == MNT_LAZY) {
 		if (!rebooting)
 			return (ffs_sync_lazy(mp));
 		waitfor = MNT_NOWAIT;
 	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Write back each (modified) inode.
 	 */
 	lockreq = LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_NOWAIT;
 	if (waitfor == MNT_SUSPEND) {
 		suspend = 1;
 		waitfor = MNT_WAIT;
 	}
 	if (waitfor == MNT_WAIT)
 		lockreq = LK_EXCLUSIVE;
 	lockreq |= LK_INTERLOCK | LK_SLEEPFAIL;
 loop:
 	/* Grab snapshot of secondary write counts */
 	MNT_ILOCK(mp);
 	secondary_writes = mp->mnt_secondary_writes;
 	secondary_accwrites = mp->mnt_secondary_accwrites;
 	MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 
 	/* Grab snapshot of softdep dependency counts */
 	softdep_get_depcounts(mp, &softdep_deps, &softdep_accdeps);
 
 	MNT_VNODE_FOREACH_ALL(vp, mp, mvp) {
 		/*
 		 * Depend on the vnode interlock to keep things stable enough
 		 * for a quick test.  Since there might be hundreds of
 		 * thousands of vnodes, we cannot afford even a subroutine
 		 * call unless there's a good chance that we have work to do.
 		 */
 		if (vp->v_type == VNON) {
 			VI_UNLOCK(vp);
 			continue;
 		}
 		ip = VTOI(vp);
 		if ((ip->i_flag &
 		    (IN_ACCESS | IN_CHANGE | IN_MODIFIED | IN_UPDATE)) == 0 &&
 		    vp->v_bufobj.bo_dirty.bv_cnt == 0) {
 			VI_UNLOCK(vp);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if ((error = vget(vp, lockreq)) != 0) {
 			if (error == ENOENT || error == ENOLCK) {
 				MNT_VNODE_FOREACH_ALL_ABORT(mp, mvp);
 				goto loop;
 			}
 			continue;
 		}
 #ifdef QUOTA
 		qsyncvp(vp);
 #endif
 		for (;;) {
 			error = ffs_syncvnode(vp, waitfor, 0);
 			if (error == ERELOOKUP)
 				continue;
 			if (error != 0)
 				allerror = error;
 			break;
 		}
 		vput(vp);
 	}
 	/*
 	 * Force stale filesystem control information to be flushed.
 	 */
 	if (waitfor == MNT_WAIT || rebooting) {
 		if ((error = softdep_flushworklist(ump->um_mountp, &count, td)))
 			allerror = error;
 		if (ffs_fsfail_cleanup(ump, allerror))
 			allerror = 0;
 		/* Flushed work items may create new vnodes to clean */
 		if (allerror == 0 && count)
 			goto loop;
 	}
 
 	devvp = ump->um_devvp;
 	bo = &devvp->v_bufobj;
 	BO_LOCK(bo);
 	if (bo->bo_numoutput > 0 || bo->bo_dirty.bv_cnt > 0) {
 		BO_UNLOCK(bo);
 		vn_lock(devvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
 		error = VOP_FSYNC(devvp, waitfor, td);
 		VOP_UNLOCK(devvp);
 		if (MOUNTEDSOFTDEP(mp) && (error == 0 || error == EAGAIN))
 			error = ffs_sbupdate(ump, waitfor, 0);
 		if (error != 0)
 			allerror = error;
 		if (ffs_fsfail_cleanup(ump, allerror))
 			allerror = 0;
 		if (allerror == 0 && waitfor == MNT_WAIT)
 			goto loop;
 	} else if (suspend != 0) {
 		if (softdep_check_suspend(mp,
 					  devvp,
 					  softdep_deps,
 					  softdep_accdeps,
 					  secondary_writes,
 					  secondary_accwrites) != 0) {
 			MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 			goto loop;	/* More work needed */
 		}
 		mtx_assert(MNT_MTX(mp), MA_OWNED);
 		mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_SUSPEND2 | MNTK_SUSPENDED;
 		MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
 		suspended = 1;
 	} else
 		BO_UNLOCK(bo);
 	/*
 	 * Write back modified superblock.
 	 */
 	if (fs->fs_fmod != 0 &&
 	    (error = ffs_sbupdate(ump, waitfor, suspended)) != 0)
 		allerror = error;
 	if (ffs_fsfail_cleanup(ump, allerror))
 		allerror = 0;
 	return (allerror);
 }
 
 int
 ffs_vget(mp, ino, flags, vpp)
 	struct mount *mp;
 	ino_t ino;
 	int flags;
 	struct vnode **vpp;
 {
 	return (ffs_vgetf(mp, ino, flags, vpp, 0));
 }
 
 int
 ffs_vgetf(mp, ino, flags, vpp, ffs_flags)
 	struct mount *mp;
 	ino_t ino;
 	int flags;
 	struct vnode **vpp;
 	int ffs_flags;
 {
 	struct fs *fs;
 	struct inode *ip;
 	struct ufsmount *ump;
 	struct buf *bp;
 	struct vnode *vp;
 	daddr_t dbn;
 	int error;
 
 	MPASS((ffs_flags & (FFSV_REPLACE | FFSV_REPLACE_DOOMED)) == 0 ||
 	    (flags & LK_EXCLUSIVE) != 0);
 
 	error = vfs_hash_get(mp, ino, flags, curthread, vpp, NULL, NULL);
 	if (error != 0)
 		return (error);
 	if (*vpp != NULL) {
 		if ((ffs_flags & FFSV_REPLACE) == 0 ||
 		    ((ffs_flags & FFSV_REPLACE_DOOMED) == 0 ||
 		    !VN_IS_DOOMED(*vpp)))
 			return (0);
 		vgone(*vpp);
 		vput(*vpp);
 	}
 
 	/*
 	 * We must promote to an exclusive lock for vnode creation.  This
 	 * can happen if lookup is passed LOCKSHARED.
 	 */
 	if ((flags & LK_TYPE_MASK) == LK_SHARED) {
 		flags &= ~LK_TYPE_MASK;
 		flags |= LK_EXCLUSIVE;
 	}
 
 	/*
 	 * We do not lock vnode creation as it is believed to be too
 	 * expensive for such rare case as simultaneous creation of vnode
 	 * for same ino by different processes. We just allow them to race
 	 * and check later to decide who wins. Let the race begin!
 	 */
 
 	ump = VFSTOUFS(mp);
 	fs = ump->um_fs;
 	ip = uma_zalloc_smr(uma_inode, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
 
 	/* Allocate a new vnode/inode. */
 	error = getnewvnode("ufs", mp, fs->fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC ?
 	    &ffs_vnodeops1 : &ffs_vnodeops2, &vp);
 	if (error) {
 		*vpp = NULL;
 		uma_zfree_smr(uma_inode, ip);
 		return (error);
 	}
 	/*
 	 * FFS supports recursive locking.
 	 */
 	lockmgr(vp->v_vnlock, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_NOWITNESS, NULL);
 	VN_LOCK_AREC(vp);
 	vp->v_data = ip;
 	vp->v_bufobj.bo_bsize = fs->fs_bsize;
 	ip->i_vnode = vp;
 	ip->i_ump = ump;
 	ip->i_number = ino;
 	ip->i_ea_refs = 0;
 	ip->i_nextclustercg = -1;
 	ip->i_flag = fs->fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC ? 0 : IN_UFS2;
 	ip->i_mode = 0; /* ensure error cases below throw away vnode */
 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
 	ufs_init_trackers(ip);
 #endif
 #ifdef QUOTA
 	{
 		int i;
 		for (i = 0; i < MAXQUOTAS; i++)
 			ip->i_dquot[i] = NODQUOT;
 	}
 #endif
 
 	if (ffs_flags & FFSV_FORCEINSMQ)
 		vp->v_vflag |= VV_FORCEINSMQ;
 	error = insmntque(vp, mp);
 	if (error != 0) {
 		uma_zfree_smr(uma_inode, ip);
 		*vpp = NULL;
 		return (error);
 	}
 	vp->v_vflag &= ~VV_FORCEINSMQ;
 	error = vfs_hash_insert(vp, ino, flags, curthread, vpp, NULL, NULL);
 	if (error != 0)
 		return (error);
 	if (*vpp != NULL) {
 		/*
 		 * Calls from ffs_valloc() (i.e. FFSV_REPLACE set)
 		 * operate on empty inode, which must not be found by
 		 * other threads until fully filled.  Vnode for empty
 		 * inode must be not re-inserted on the hash by other
 		 * thread, after removal by us at the beginning.
 		 */
 		MPASS((ffs_flags & FFSV_REPLACE) == 0);
 		return (0);
 	}
 
 	/* Read in the disk contents for the inode, copy into the inode. */
 	dbn = fsbtodb(fs, ino_to_fsba(fs, ino));
 	error = ffs_breadz(ump, ump->um_devvp, dbn, dbn, (int)fs->fs_bsize,
 	    NULL, NULL, 0, NOCRED, 0, NULL, &bp);
 	if (error != 0) {
 		/*
 		 * The inode does not contain anything useful, so it would
 		 * be misleading to leave it on its hash chain. With mode
 		 * still zero, it will be unlinked and returned to the free
 		 * list by vput().
 		 */
 		vgone(vp);
 		vput(vp);
 		*vpp = NULL;
 		return (error);
 	}
 	if (I_IS_UFS1(ip))
 		ip->i_din1 = uma_zalloc(uma_ufs1, M_WAITOK);
 	else
 		ip->i_din2 = uma_zalloc(uma_ufs2, M_WAITOK);
 	if ((error = ffs_load_inode(bp, ip, fs, ino)) != 0) {
 		bqrelse(bp);
 		vgone(vp);
 		vput(vp);
 		*vpp = NULL;
 		return (error);
 	}
 	if (DOINGSOFTDEP(vp) && (!fs->fs_ronly ||
 	    (ffs_flags & FFSV_FORCEINODEDEP) != 0))
 		softdep_load_inodeblock(ip);
 	else
 		ip->i_effnlink = ip->i_nlink;
 	bqrelse(bp);
 
 	/*
 	 * Initialize the vnode from the inode, check for aliases.
 	 * Note that the underlying vnode may have changed.
 	 */
 	error = ufs_vinit(mp, I_IS_UFS1(ip) ? &ffs_fifoops1 : &ffs_fifoops2,
 	    &vp);
 	if (error) {
 		vgone(vp);
 		vput(vp);
 		*vpp = NULL;
 		return (error);
 	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Finish inode initialization.
 	 */
 	if (vp->v_type != VFIFO) {
 		/* FFS supports shared locking for all files except fifos. */
 		VN_LOCK_ASHARE(vp);
 	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Set up a generation number for this inode if it does not
 	 * already have one. This should only happen on old filesystems.
 	 */
 	if (ip->i_gen == 0) {
 		while (ip->i_gen == 0)
 			ip->i_gen = arc4random();
 		if ((vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY) == 0) {
 			UFS_INODE_SET_FLAG(ip, IN_MODIFIED);
 			DIP_SET(ip, i_gen, ip->i_gen);
 		}
 	}
 #ifdef MAC
 	if ((mp->mnt_flag & MNT_MULTILABEL) && ip->i_mode) {
 		/*
 		 * If this vnode is already allocated, and we're running
 		 * multi-label, attempt to perform a label association
 		 * from the extended attributes on the inode.
 		 */
 		error = mac_vnode_associate_extattr(mp, vp);
 		if (error) {
 			/* ufs_inactive will release ip->i_devvp ref. */
 			vgone(vp);
 			vput(vp);
 			*vpp = NULL;
 			return (error);
 		}
 	}
 #endif
 
 	*vpp = vp;
 	return (0);
 }
 
 /*
  * File handle to vnode
  *
  * Have to be really careful about stale file handles:
  * - check that the inode number is valid
  * - for UFS2 check that the inode number is initialized
  * - call ffs_vget() to get the locked inode
  * - check for an unallocated inode (i_mode == 0)
  * - check that the given client host has export rights and return
  *   those rights via. exflagsp and credanonp
  */
 static int
 ffs_fhtovp(mp, fhp, flags, vpp)
 	struct mount *mp;
 	struct fid *fhp;
 	int flags;
 	struct vnode **vpp;
 {
 	struct ufid *ufhp;
 
 	ufhp = (struct ufid *)fhp;
 	return (ffs_inotovp(mp, ufhp->ufid_ino, ufhp->ufid_gen, flags,
 	    vpp, 0));
 }
 
 int
 ffs_inotovp(mp, ino, gen, lflags, vpp, ffs_flags)
 	struct mount *mp;
 	ino_t ino;
 	u_int64_t gen;
 	int lflags;
 	struct vnode **vpp;
 	int ffs_flags;
 {
 	struct ufsmount *ump;
 	struct vnode *nvp;
 	struct inode *ip;
 	struct fs *fs;
 	struct cg *cgp;
 	struct buf *bp;
 	u_int cg;
 	int error;
 
 	ump = VFSTOUFS(mp);
 	fs = ump->um_fs;
 	*vpp = NULL;
 
 	if (ino < UFS_ROOTINO || ino >= fs->fs_ncg * fs->fs_ipg)
 		return (ESTALE);
 
 	/*
 	 * Need to check if inode is initialized because UFS2 does lazy
 	 * initialization and nfs_fhtovp can offer arbitrary inode numbers.
 	 */
 	if (fs->fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC) {
 		cg = ino_to_cg(fs, ino);
 		error = ffs_getcg(fs, ump->um_devvp, cg, 0, &bp, &cgp);
 		if (error != 0)
 			return (error);
 		if (ino >= cg * fs->fs_ipg + cgp->cg_initediblk) {
 			brelse(bp);
 			return (ESTALE);
 		}
 		brelse(bp);
 	}
 
 	error = ffs_vgetf(mp, ino, lflags, &nvp, ffs_flags);
 	if (error != 0)
 		return (error);
 
 	ip = VTOI(nvp);
 	if (ip->i_mode == 0 || ip->i_gen != gen || ip->i_effnlink <= 0) {
 		if (ip->i_mode == 0)
 			vgone(nvp);
 		vput(nvp);
 		return (ESTALE);
 	}
 
 	vnode_create_vobject(nvp, DIP(ip, i_size), curthread);
 	*vpp = nvp;
 	return (0);
 }
 
 /*
  * Initialize the filesystem.
  */
 static int
 ffs_init(vfsp)
 	struct vfsconf *vfsp;
 {
 
 	ffs_susp_initialize();
 	softdep_initialize();
 	return (ufs_init(vfsp));
 }
 
 /*
  * Undo the work of ffs_init().
  */
 static int
 ffs_uninit(vfsp)
 	struct vfsconf *vfsp;
 {
 	int ret;
 
 	ret = ufs_uninit(vfsp);
 	softdep_uninitialize();
 	ffs_susp_uninitialize();
 	taskqueue_drain_all(taskqueue_thread);
 	return (ret);
 }
 
 /*
  * Structure used to pass information from ffs_sbupdate to its
  * helper routine ffs_use_bwrite.
  */
 struct devfd {
 	struct ufsmount	*ump;
 	struct buf	*sbbp;
 	int		 waitfor;
 	int		 suspended;
 	int		 error;
 };
 
 /*
  * Write a superblock and associated information back to disk.
  */
 int
 ffs_sbupdate(ump, waitfor, suspended)
 	struct ufsmount *ump;
 	int waitfor;
 	int suspended;
 {
 	struct fs *fs;
 	struct buf *sbbp;
 	struct devfd devfd;
 
 	fs = ump->um_fs;
 	if (fs->fs_ronly == 1 &&
 	    (ump->um_mountp->mnt_flag & (MNT_RDONLY | MNT_UPDATE)) !=
 	    (MNT_RDONLY | MNT_UPDATE))
 		panic("ffs_sbupdate: write read-only filesystem");
 	/*
 	 * We use the superblock's buf to serialize calls to ffs_sbupdate().
 	 */
 	sbbp = getblk(ump->um_devvp, btodb(fs->fs_sblockloc),
 	    (int)fs->fs_sbsize, 0, 0, 0);
 	/*
 	 * Initialize info needed for write function.
 	 */
 	devfd.ump = ump;
 	devfd.sbbp = sbbp;
 	devfd.waitfor = waitfor;
 	devfd.suspended = suspended;
 	devfd.error = 0;
 	return (ffs_sbput(&devfd, fs, fs->fs_sblockloc, ffs_use_bwrite));
 }
 
 /*
  * Write function for use by filesystem-layer routines.
  */
 static int
 ffs_use_bwrite(void *devfd, off_t loc, void *buf, int size)
 {
 	struct devfd *devfdp;
 	struct ufsmount *ump;
 	struct buf *bp;
 	struct fs *fs;
 	int error;
 
 	devfdp = devfd;
 	ump = devfdp->ump;
 	fs = ump->um_fs;
 	/*
 	 * Writing the superblock summary information.
 	 */
 	if (loc != fs->fs_sblockloc) {
 		bp = getblk(ump->um_devvp, btodb(loc), size, 0, 0, 0);
 		bcopy(buf, bp->b_data, (u_int)size);
 		if (devfdp->suspended)
 			bp->b_flags |= B_VALIDSUSPWRT;
 		if (devfdp->waitfor != MNT_WAIT)
 			bawrite(bp);
 		else if ((error = bwrite(bp)) != 0)
 			devfdp->error = error;
 		return (0);
 	}
 	/*
 	 * Writing the superblock itself. We need to do special checks for it.
 	 */
 	bp = devfdp->sbbp;
 	if (ffs_fsfail_cleanup(ump, devfdp->error))
 		devfdp->error = 0;
 	if (devfdp->error != 0) {
 		brelse(bp);
 		return (devfdp->error);
 	}
 	if (fs->fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC && fs->fs_sblockloc != SBLOCK_UFS1 &&
 	    (fs->fs_old_flags & FS_FLAGS_UPDATED) == 0) {
 		printf("WARNING: %s: correcting fs_sblockloc from %jd to %d\n",
 		    fs->fs_fsmnt, fs->fs_sblockloc, SBLOCK_UFS1);
 		fs->fs_sblockloc = SBLOCK_UFS1;
 	}
 	if (fs->fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC && fs->fs_sblockloc != SBLOCK_UFS2 &&
 	    (fs->fs_old_flags & FS_FLAGS_UPDATED) == 0) {
 		printf("WARNING: %s: correcting fs_sblockloc from %jd to %d\n",
 		    fs->fs_fsmnt, fs->fs_sblockloc, SBLOCK_UFS2);
 		fs->fs_sblockloc = SBLOCK_UFS2;
 	}
 	if (MOUNTEDSOFTDEP(ump->um_mountp))
 		softdep_setup_sbupdate(ump, (struct fs *)bp->b_data, bp);
+	UFS_LOCK(ump);
 	bcopy((caddr_t)fs, bp->b_data, (u_int)fs->fs_sbsize);
+	UFS_UNLOCK(ump);
 	fs = (struct fs *)bp->b_data;
 	ffs_oldfscompat_write(fs, ump);
 	fs->fs_si = NULL;
 	/* Recalculate the superblock hash */
 	fs->fs_ckhash = ffs_calc_sbhash(fs);
 	if (devfdp->suspended)
 		bp->b_flags |= B_VALIDSUSPWRT;
 	if (devfdp->waitfor != MNT_WAIT)
 		bawrite(bp);
 	else if ((error = bwrite(bp)) != 0)
 		devfdp->error = error;
 	return (devfdp->error);
 }
 
 static int
 ffs_extattrctl(struct mount *mp, int cmd, struct vnode *filename_vp,
 	int attrnamespace, const char *attrname)
 {
 
 #ifdef UFS_EXTATTR
 	return (ufs_extattrctl(mp, cmd, filename_vp, attrnamespace,
 	    attrname));
 #else
 	return (vfs_stdextattrctl(mp, cmd, filename_vp, attrnamespace,
 	    attrname));
 #endif
 }
 
 static void
 ffs_ifree(struct ufsmount *ump, struct inode *ip)
 {
 
 	if (ump->um_fstype == UFS1 && ip->i_din1 != NULL)
 		uma_zfree(uma_ufs1, ip->i_din1);
 	else if (ip->i_din2 != NULL)
 		uma_zfree(uma_ufs2, ip->i_din2);
 	uma_zfree_smr(uma_inode, ip);
 }
 
 static int dobkgrdwrite = 1;
 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, dobkgrdwrite, CTLFLAG_RW, &dobkgrdwrite, 0,
     "Do background writes (honoring the BV_BKGRDWRITE flag)?");
 
 /*
  * Complete a background write started from bwrite.
  */
 static void
 ffs_backgroundwritedone(struct buf *bp)
 {
 	struct bufobj *bufobj;
 	struct buf *origbp;
 
 #ifdef SOFTUPDATES
 	if (!LIST_EMPTY(&bp->b_dep) && (bp->b_ioflags & BIO_ERROR) != 0)
 		softdep_handle_error(bp);
 #endif
 
 	/*
 	 * Find the original buffer that we are writing.
 	 */
 	bufobj = bp->b_bufobj;
 	BO_LOCK(bufobj);
 	if ((origbp = gbincore(bp->b_bufobj, bp->b_lblkno)) == NULL)
 		panic("backgroundwritedone: lost buffer");
 
 	/*
 	 * We should mark the cylinder group buffer origbp as
 	 * dirty, to not lose the failed write.
 	 */
 	if ((bp->b_ioflags & BIO_ERROR) != 0)
 		origbp->b_vflags |= BV_BKGRDERR;
 	BO_UNLOCK(bufobj);
 	/*
 	 * Process dependencies then return any unfinished ones.
 	 */
 	if (!LIST_EMPTY(&bp->b_dep) && (bp->b_ioflags & BIO_ERROR) == 0)
 		buf_complete(bp);
 #ifdef SOFTUPDATES
 	if (!LIST_EMPTY(&bp->b_dep))
 		softdep_move_dependencies(bp, origbp);
 #endif
 	/*
 	 * This buffer is marked B_NOCACHE so when it is released
 	 * by biodone it will be tossed.  Clear B_IOSTARTED in case of error.
 	 */
 	bp->b_flags |= B_NOCACHE;
 	bp->b_flags &= ~(B_CACHE | B_IOSTARTED);
 	pbrelvp(bp);
 
 	/*
 	 * Prevent brelse() from trying to keep and re-dirtying bp on
 	 * errors. It causes b_bufobj dereference in
 	 * bdirty()/reassignbuf(), and b_bufobj was cleared in
 	 * pbrelvp() above.
 	 */
 	if ((bp->b_ioflags & BIO_ERROR) != 0)
 		bp->b_flags |= B_INVAL;
 	bufdone(bp);
 	BO_LOCK(bufobj);
 	/*
 	 * Clear the BV_BKGRDINPROG flag in the original buffer
 	 * and awaken it if it is waiting for the write to complete.
 	 * If BV_BKGRDINPROG is not set in the original buffer it must
 	 * have been released and re-instantiated - which is not legal.
 	 */
 	KASSERT((origbp->b_vflags & BV_BKGRDINPROG),
 	    ("backgroundwritedone: lost buffer2"));
 	origbp->b_vflags &= ~BV_BKGRDINPROG;
 	if (origbp->b_vflags & BV_BKGRDWAIT) {
 		origbp->b_vflags &= ~BV_BKGRDWAIT;
 		wakeup(&origbp->b_xflags);
 	}
 	BO_UNLOCK(bufobj);
 }
 
 /*
  * Write, release buffer on completion.  (Done by iodone
  * if async).  Do not bother writing anything if the buffer
  * is invalid.
  *
  * Note that we set B_CACHE here, indicating that buffer is
  * fully valid and thus cacheable.  This is true even of NFS
  * now so we set it generally.  This could be set either here
  * or in biodone() since the I/O is synchronous.  We put it
  * here.
  */
 static int
 ffs_bufwrite(struct buf *bp)
 {
 	struct buf *newbp;
 	struct cg *cgp;
 
 	CTR3(KTR_BUF, "bufwrite(%p) vp %p flags %X", bp, bp->b_vp, bp->b_flags);
 	if (bp->b_flags & B_INVAL) {
 		brelse(bp);
 		return (0);
 	}
 
 	if (!BUF_ISLOCKED(bp))
 		panic("bufwrite: buffer is not busy???");
 	/*
 	 * If a background write is already in progress, delay
 	 * writing this block if it is asynchronous. Otherwise
 	 * wait for the background write to complete.
 	 */
 	BO_LOCK(bp->b_bufobj);
 	if (bp->b_vflags & BV_BKGRDINPROG) {
 		if (bp->b_flags & B_ASYNC) {
 			BO_UNLOCK(bp->b_bufobj);
 			bdwrite(bp);
 			return (0);
 		}
 		bp->b_vflags |= BV_BKGRDWAIT;
 		msleep(&bp->b_xflags, BO_LOCKPTR(bp->b_bufobj), PRIBIO,
 		    "bwrbg", 0);
 		if (bp->b_vflags & BV_BKGRDINPROG)
 			panic("bufwrite: still writing");
 	}
 	bp->b_vflags &= ~BV_BKGRDERR;
 	BO_UNLOCK(bp->b_bufobj);
 
 	/*
 	 * If this buffer is marked for background writing and we
 	 * do not have to wait for it, make a copy and write the
 	 * copy so as to leave this buffer ready for further use.
 	 *
 	 * This optimization eats a lot of memory.  If we have a page
 	 * or buffer shortfall we can't do it.
 	 */
 	if (dobkgrdwrite && (bp->b_xflags & BX_BKGRDWRITE) &&
 	    (bp->b_flags & B_ASYNC) &&
 	    !vm_page_count_severe() &&
 	    !buf_dirty_count_severe()) {
 		KASSERT(bp->b_iodone == NULL,
 		    ("bufwrite: needs chained iodone (%p)", bp->b_iodone));
 
 		/* get a new block */
 		newbp = geteblk(bp->b_bufsize, GB_NOWAIT_BD);
 		if (newbp == NULL)
 			goto normal_write;
 
 		KASSERT(buf_mapped(bp), ("Unmapped cg"));
 		memcpy(newbp->b_data, bp->b_data, bp->b_bufsize);
 		BO_LOCK(bp->b_bufobj);
 		bp->b_vflags |= BV_BKGRDINPROG;
 		BO_UNLOCK(bp->b_bufobj);
 		newbp->b_xflags |=
 		    (bp->b_xflags & BX_FSPRIV) | BX_BKGRDMARKER;
 		newbp->b_lblkno = bp->b_lblkno;
 		newbp->b_blkno = bp->b_blkno;
 		newbp->b_offset = bp->b_offset;
 		newbp->b_iodone = ffs_backgroundwritedone;
 		newbp->b_flags |= B_ASYNC;
 		newbp->b_flags &= ~B_INVAL;
 		pbgetvp(bp->b_vp, newbp);
 
 #ifdef SOFTUPDATES
 		/*
 		 * Move over the dependencies.  If there are rollbacks,
 		 * leave the parent buffer dirtied as it will need to
 		 * be written again.
 		 */
 		if (LIST_EMPTY(&bp->b_dep) ||
 		    softdep_move_dependencies(bp, newbp) == 0)
 			bundirty(bp);
 #else
 		bundirty(bp);
 #endif
 
 		/*
 		 * Initiate write on the copy, release the original.  The
 		 * BKGRDINPROG flag prevents it from going away until 
 		 * the background write completes. We have to recalculate
 		 * its check hash in case the buffer gets freed and then
 		 * reconstituted from the buffer cache during a later read.
 		 */
 		if ((bp->b_xflags & BX_CYLGRP) != 0) {
 			cgp = (struct cg *)bp->b_data;
 			cgp->cg_ckhash = 0;
 			cgp->cg_ckhash =
 			    calculate_crc32c(~0L, bp->b_data, bp->b_bcount);
 		}
 		bqrelse(bp);
 		bp = newbp;
 	} else
 		/* Mark the buffer clean */
 		bundirty(bp);
 
 	/* Let the normal bufwrite do the rest for us */
 normal_write:
 	/*
 	 * If we are writing a cylinder group, update its time.
 	 */
 	if ((bp->b_xflags & BX_CYLGRP) != 0) {
 		cgp = (struct cg *)bp->b_data;
 		cgp->cg_old_time = cgp->cg_time = time_second;
 	}
 	return (bufwrite(bp));
 }
 
 static void
 ffs_geom_strategy(struct bufobj *bo, struct buf *bp)
 {
 	struct vnode *vp;
 	struct buf *tbp;
 	int error, nocopy;
 
 	/*
 	 * This is the bufobj strategy for the private VCHR vnodes
 	 * used by FFS to access the underlying storage device.
 	 * We override the default bufobj strategy and thus bypass
 	 * VOP_STRATEGY() for these vnodes.
 	 */
 	vp = bo2vnode(bo);
 	KASSERT(bp->b_vp == NULL || bp->b_vp->v_type != VCHR ||
 	    bp->b_vp->v_rdev == NULL ||
 	    bp->b_vp->v_rdev->si_mountpt == NULL ||
 	    VFSTOUFS(bp->b_vp->v_rdev->si_mountpt) == NULL ||
 	    vp == VFSTOUFS(bp->b_vp->v_rdev->si_mountpt)->um_devvp,
 	    ("ffs_geom_strategy() with wrong vp"));
 	if (bp->b_iocmd == BIO_WRITE) {
 		if ((bp->b_flags & B_VALIDSUSPWRT) == 0 &&
 		    bp->b_vp != NULL && bp->b_vp->v_mount != NULL &&
 		    (bp->b_vp->v_mount->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_SUSPENDED) != 0)
 			panic("ffs_geom_strategy: bad I/O");
 		nocopy = bp->b_flags & B_NOCOPY;
 		bp->b_flags &= ~(B_VALIDSUSPWRT | B_NOCOPY);
 		if ((vp->v_vflag & VV_COPYONWRITE) && nocopy == 0 &&
 		    vp->v_rdev->si_snapdata != NULL) {
 			if ((bp->b_flags & B_CLUSTER) != 0) {
 				runningbufwakeup(bp);
 				TAILQ_FOREACH(tbp, &bp->b_cluster.cluster_head,
 					      b_cluster.cluster_entry) {
 					error = ffs_copyonwrite(vp, tbp);
 					if (error != 0 &&
 					    error != EOPNOTSUPP) {
 						bp->b_error = error;
 						bp->b_ioflags |= BIO_ERROR;
 						bp->b_flags &= ~B_BARRIER;
 						bufdone(bp);
 						return;
 					}
 				}
 				bp->b_runningbufspace = bp->b_bufsize;
 				atomic_add_long(&runningbufspace,
 					       bp->b_runningbufspace);
 			} else {
 				error = ffs_copyonwrite(vp, bp);
 				if (error != 0 && error != EOPNOTSUPP) {
 					bp->b_error = error;
 					bp->b_ioflags |= BIO_ERROR;
 					bp->b_flags &= ~B_BARRIER;
 					bufdone(bp);
 					return;
 				}
 			}
 		}
 #ifdef SOFTUPDATES
 		if ((bp->b_flags & B_CLUSTER) != 0) {
 			TAILQ_FOREACH(tbp, &bp->b_cluster.cluster_head,
 				      b_cluster.cluster_entry) {
 				if (!LIST_EMPTY(&tbp->b_dep))
 					buf_start(tbp);
 			}
 		} else {
 			if (!LIST_EMPTY(&bp->b_dep))
 				buf_start(bp);
 		}
 
 #endif
 		/*
 		 * Check for metadata that needs check-hashes and update them.
 		 */
 		switch (bp->b_xflags & BX_FSPRIV) {
 		case BX_CYLGRP:
 			((struct cg *)bp->b_data)->cg_ckhash = 0;
 			((struct cg *)bp->b_data)->cg_ckhash =
 			    calculate_crc32c(~0L, bp->b_data, bp->b_bcount);
 			break;
 
 		case BX_SUPERBLOCK:
 		case BX_INODE:
 		case BX_INDIR:
 		case BX_DIR:
 			printf("Check-hash write is unimplemented!!!\n");
 			break;
 
 		case 0:
 			break;
 
 		default:
 			printf("multiple buffer types 0x%b\n",
 			    (u_int)(bp->b_xflags & BX_FSPRIV),
 			    PRINT_UFS_BUF_XFLAGS);
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 	if (bp->b_iocmd != BIO_READ && ffs_enxio_enable)
 		bp->b_xflags |= BX_CVTENXIO;
 	g_vfs_strategy(bo, bp);
 }
 
 int
 ffs_own_mount(const struct mount *mp)
 {
 
 	if (mp->mnt_op == &ufs_vfsops)
 		return (1);
 	return (0);
 }
 
 #ifdef	DDB
 #ifdef SOFTUPDATES
 
 /* defined in ffs_softdep.c */
 extern void db_print_ffs(struct ufsmount *ump);
 
 DB_SHOW_COMMAND(ffs, db_show_ffs)
 {
 	struct mount *mp;
 	struct ufsmount *ump;
 
 	if (have_addr) {
 		ump = VFSTOUFS((struct mount *)addr);
 		db_print_ffs(ump);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	TAILQ_FOREACH(mp, &mountlist, mnt_list) {
 		if (!strcmp(mp->mnt_stat.f_fstypename, ufs_vfsconf.vfc_name))
 			db_print_ffs(VFSTOUFS(mp));
 	}
 }
 
 #endif	/* SOFTUPDATES */
 #endif	/* DDB */