linuxkpi: unbreak linux_i2cbb

This is a joint work with manu.

• fixed conditions in do_i2c_transfer and i2c_transfer as linux_i2cbb does not set adapter->algo->master_xfer but does set adapter->algo_data;
• fixed parent bus specification for linux_i2cbb driver module;
• actually implemented iicbb_transfer method;
• added iicbb_pre_xfer and iicbb_post_xfer methods;
• removed unnecessary and harmful delays (and other extra logic) from iicbb methods as iicbb driver already has them;
• added setting of iicbb speed based on algo_data->udelay, so that iicbb uses correct delays;

PR: 265920
Fixes: 1961a14a4743 linuxkpi: Add i2c support
MFC after: 2 weeks
Sponsored by: Beckhoff Automation GmbH & Co. KG (manu's work)