Index: head/zh_TW.UTF-8/books/handbook/Makefile =================================================================== --- head/zh_TW.UTF-8/books/handbook/Makefile (revision 49233) +++ head/zh_TW.UTF-8/books/handbook/Makefile (revision 49234) @@ -1,320 +1,164 @@ # # $FreeBSD$ # # Build the FreeBSD Handbook (Traditional Chinese). # -# Original revision: r46480 -# -# ------------------------------------------------------------------------ -# To add a new chapter to the Handbook: -# -# - Update this Makefile, chapters.ent and book.xml -# - Add a descriptive entry for the new chapter in preface/preface.xml -# -# ------------------------------------------------------------------------ - .PATH: ${.CURDIR}/../../share/xml/glossary MAINTAINER= doc@FreeBSD.org DOC?= book FORMATS?= html-split INSTALL_COMPRESSED?= gz INSTALL_ONLY_COMPRESSED?= +# English images +# as these are translated, move them from IMAGES_EN to IMAGES IMAGES_EN = advanced-networking/isdn-bus.eps IMAGES_EN+= advanced-networking/isdn-twisted-pair.eps IMAGES_EN+= advanced-networking/natd.eps IMAGES_EN+= advanced-networking/net-routing.pic IMAGES_EN+= advanced-networking/pxe-nfs.png IMAGES_EN+= advanced-networking/static-routes.pic +IMAGES_EN+= basics/disk-layout.eps +IMAGES_EN+= basics/example-dir1.eps +IMAGES_EN+= basics/example-dir2.eps +IMAGES_EN+= basics/example-dir3.eps +IMAGES_EN+= basics/example-dir4.eps +IMAGES_EN+= basics/example-dir5.eps IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-adduser1.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-adduser2.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-adduser3.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-boot-loader-menu.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-boot-options-menu.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-newboot-loader-menu.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-choose-mode.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-config-components.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-config-hostname.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-config-keymap.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-config-services.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-config-crashdump.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-configure-network-interface-ipv4-dhcp.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-configure-network-interface-ipv4.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-configure-network-interface-ipv4-static.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-configure-network-interface-ipv6.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-configure-network-interface-ipv6-static.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-configure-network-interface-slaac.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-configure-network-interface.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-configure-network-ipv4-dns.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-configure-wireless-accesspoints.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-configure-wireless-scan.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-configure-wireless-wpa2setup.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-distfile-extracting.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-distfile-fetching.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-distfile-verifying.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-final-confirmation.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-finalconfiguration.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-final-modification-shell.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-keymap-10.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-keymap-select-default.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-mainexit.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-netinstall-files.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-netinstall-mirrorselect.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-part-entire-part.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-part-guided-disk.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-part-guided-manual.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-part-manual-addpart.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-part-manual-create.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-part-manual-partscheme.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-part-review.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-post-root-passwd.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-set-clock-local-utc.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-timezone-confirm.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-timezone-country.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-timezone-region.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-timezone-zone.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-zfs-disk_info.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-zfs-disk_select.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-zfs-geli_password.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-zfs-menu.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-zfs-partmenu.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-zfs-vdev_invalid.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-zfs-vdev_type.png IMAGES_EN+= bsdinstall/bsdinstall-zfs-warning.png IMAGES_EN+= geom/striping.pic -IMAGES_EN+= install/adduser1.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/adduser2.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/adduser3.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/boot-loader-menu.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/boot-mgr.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/config-country.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/config-keymap.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/console-saver1.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/console-saver2.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/console-saver3.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/console-saver4.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/disklabel-auto.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/disklabel-ed1.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/disklabel-ed2.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/disklabel-fs.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/disklabel-root1.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/disklabel-root2.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/disklabel-root3.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/disk-layout.eps -IMAGES_EN+= install/dist-set.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/dist-set2.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/docmenu1.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/ed0-conf.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/ed0-conf2.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/edit-inetd-conf.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/fdisk-drive1.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/fdisk-drive2.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/fdisk-edit1.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/fdisk-edit2.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/ftp-anon1.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/ftp-anon2.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/hdwrconf.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/keymap.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/main1.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/mainexit.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/main-std.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/main-options.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/main-doc.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/main-keymap.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/media.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/mouse1.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/mouse2.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/mouse3.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/mouse4.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/mouse5.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/mouse6.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/mta-main.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/net-config-menu1.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/net-config-menu2.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/nfs-server-edit.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/ntp-config.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/options.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/pkg-cat.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/pkg-confirm.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/pkg-install.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/pkg-sel.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/probstart.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/routed.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/security.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/sysinstall-exit.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/timezone1.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/timezone2.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/timezone3.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/userconfig.scr -IMAGES_EN+= install/userconfig2.scr IMAGES_EN+= mail/mutt1.scr IMAGES_EN+= mail/mutt2.scr IMAGES_EN+= mail/mutt3.scr IMAGES_EN+= mail/pine1.scr IMAGES_EN+= mail/pine2.scr IMAGES_EN+= mail/pine3.scr IMAGES_EN+= mail/pine4.scr IMAGES_EN+= mail/pine5.scr - -IMAGES_EN+= install/example-dir1.eps -IMAGES_EN+= install/example-dir2.eps -IMAGES_EN+= install/example-dir3.eps -IMAGES_EN+= install/example-dir4.eps -IMAGES_EN+= install/example-dir5.eps IMAGES_EN+= security/ipsec-network.pic IMAGES_EN+= security/ipsec-crypt-pkt.pic IMAGES_EN+= security/ipsec-encap-pkt.pic IMAGES_EN+= security/ipsec-out-pkt.pic IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/parallels-freebsd1.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/parallels-freebsd2.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/parallels-freebsd3.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/parallels-freebsd4.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/parallels-freebsd5.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/parallels-freebsd6.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/parallels-freebsd7.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/parallels-freebsd8.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/parallels-freebsd9.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/parallels-freebsd10.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/parallels-freebsd11.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/parallels-freebsd12.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/parallels-freebsd13.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd1.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd2.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd3.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd4.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd5.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd6.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd7.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd8.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd9.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd10.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd11.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd12.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd13.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/vmware-freebsd01.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/vmware-freebsd02.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/vmware-freebsd03.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/vmware-freebsd04.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/vmware-freebsd05.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/vmware-freebsd06.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/vmware-freebsd07.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/vmware-freebsd08.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/vmware-freebsd09.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/vmware-freebsd10.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/vmware-freebsd11.png IMAGES_EN+= virtualization/vmware-freebsd12.png # Images from the cross-document image library IMAGES_LIB= callouts/1.png IMAGES_LIB+= callouts/2.png IMAGES_LIB+= callouts/3.png IMAGES_LIB+= callouts/4.png IMAGES_LIB+= callouts/5.png IMAGES_LIB+= callouts/6.png IMAGES_LIB+= callouts/7.png IMAGES_LIB+= callouts/8.png IMAGES_LIB+= callouts/9.png IMAGES_LIB+= callouts/10.png IMAGES_LIB+= callouts/11.png IMAGES_LIB+= callouts/12.png IMAGES_LIB+= callouts/13.png IMAGES_LIB+= callouts/14.png IMAGES_LIB+= callouts/15.png -# -# SRCS lists the individual XML files that make up the document. Changes -# to any of these files will force a rebuild -# - # XML content -SRCS+= audit/chapter.xml -SRCS+= book.xml -SRCS+= bsdinstall/chapter.xml -SRCS+= colophon.xml -SRCS+= dtrace/chapter.xml -SRCS+= advanced-networking/chapter.xml -SRCS+= basics/chapter.xml -SRCS+= bibliography/chapter.xml -SRCS+= boot/chapter.xml -SRCS+= config/chapter.xml -SRCS+= cutting-edge/chapter.xml -SRCS+= desktop/chapter.xml -SRCS+= disks/chapter.xml -SRCS+= eresources/chapter.xml -SRCS+= firewalls/chapter.xml -SRCS+= zfs/chapter.xml -SRCS+= filesystems/chapter.xml -SRCS+= geom/chapter.xml -SRCS+= install/chapter.xml -SRCS+= introduction/chapter.xml -SRCS+= jails/chapter.xml -SRCS+= kernelconfig/chapter.xml -SRCS+= l10n/chapter.xml -SRCS+= linuxemu/chapter.xml -SRCS+= mac/chapter.xml -SRCS+= mail/chapter.xml -SRCS+= mirrors/chapter.xml -SRCS+= multimedia/chapter.xml -SRCS+= network-servers/chapter.xml -SRCS+= pgpkeys/chapter.xml -SRCS+= ports/chapter.xml -SRCS+= ppp-and-slip/chapter.xml -SRCS+= preface/preface.xml -SRCS+= printing/chapter.xml -SRCS+= security/chapter.xml -SRCS+= serialcomms/chapter.xml -SRCS+= virtualization/chapter.xml -SRCS+= x11/chapter.xml +SRCS= book.xml -# Entities -SRCS+= chapters.ent - SYMLINKS= ${DESTDIR} index.html handbook.html -# Turn on all the chapters. -CHAPTERS?= ${SRCS:M*chapter.xml} - -XMLFLAGS+= ${CHAPTERS:S/\/chapter.xml//:S/^/-i chap./} -XMLFLAGS+= -i chap.freebsd-glossary - URL_RELPREFIX?= ../../../.. DOC_PREFIX?= ${.CURDIR}/../../.. - -# -# rules generating lists of mirror site from XML database. -# -XMLDOCS= lastmod:::mirrors.lastmod.inc \ - mirrors-ftp-index:::mirrors.xml.ftp.index.inc \ - mirrors-ftp:::mirrors.xml.ftp.inc \ - eresources-index:::eresources.xml.www.index.inc \ - eresources:::eresources.xml.www.inc -DEPENDSET.DEFAULT= transtable mirror -XSLT.DEFAULT= ${XSL_MIRRORS} -XML.DEFAULT= ${XML_MIRRORS} - -PARAMS.lastmod+= --param 'target' "'lastmod'" -PARAMS.mirrors-ftp-index+= --param 'type' "'ftp'" \ - --param 'proto' "'ftp'" \ - --param 'target' "'index'" -PARAMS.mirrors-ftp+= --param 'type' "'ftp'" \ - --param 'proto' "'ftp'" \ - --param 'target' "'handbook/mirrors/chapter.xml'" -PARAMS.eresources-index+= --param 'type' "'www'" \ - --param 'proto' "'http'" \ - --param 'target' "'index'" -PARAMS.eresources+= --param 'type' "'www'" \ - --param 'proto' "'http'" \ - --param 'target' "'handbook/eresources/chapter.xml'" - -SRCS+= mirrors.lastmod.inc \ - mirrors.xml.ftp.inc \ - mirrors.xml.ftp.index.inc \ - eresources.xml.www.inc \ - eresources.xml.www.index.inc .include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk" Index: head/zh_TW.UTF-8/books/handbook/zh_TW.po =================================================================== --- head/zh_TW.UTF-8/books/handbook/zh_TW.po (nonexistent) +++ head/zh_TW.UTF-8/books/handbook/zh_TW.po (revision 49234) @@ -0,0 +1,100544 @@ +# $FreeBSD$ +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-06-30 10:46+0800\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2016-06-29 21:10+0800\n" +"Last-Translator: Chien Wei Lin \n" +"Language-Team: \n" +"Language: zh_TW\n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Generator: Poedit 1.8.8\n" + +#. Put one translator per line, in the form NAME , YEAR1, YEAR2 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "translator-credits" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: info/title +#: book.translate.xml:589 +msgid "FreeBSD Handbook" +msgstr "FreeBSD 使用手冊" + +#. (itstool) path: info/author +#: book.translate.xml:591 +msgid "The FreeBSD Documentation Project" +msgstr "FreeBSD 文件計劃" + +#. (itstool) path: info/pubdate +#. (itstool) path: info/releaseinfo +#: book.translate.xml:595 book.translate.xml:597 +msgid "" +"$FreeBSD: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/book.xml 48108 2016-01-28 " +"02:09:41Z wblock $" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: info/copyright +#: book.translate.xml:599 +msgid "" +"1995 1996 1997 1998 " +"1999 2000 2001 2002 " +"2003 2004 2005 2006 " +"2007 2008 2009 2010 " +"2011 2012 2013 2014 " +"2015 The FreeBSD Documentation Project" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/title +#: book.translate.xml:626 +msgid "Copyright" +msgstr "版權" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:628 +msgid "" +"Redistribution and use in source (XML DocBook) and 'compiled' forms (XML, " +"HTML, PDF, PostScript, RTF and so forth) with or without modification, are " +"permitted provided that the following conditions are met:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:635 +msgid "" +"Redistributions of source code (XML DocBook) must retain the above copyright " +"notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer as the first " +"lines of this file unmodified." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:641 +msgid "" +"Redistributions in compiled form (transformed to other DTDs, converted to " +"PDF, PostScript, RTF and other formats) must reproduce the above copyright " +"notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the " +"documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: important/para +#: book.translate.xml:650 +msgid "" +"THIS DOCUMENTATION IS PROVIDED BY THE FREEBSD DOCUMENTATION PROJECT \"AS IS" +"\" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE " +"IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE " +"ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FREEBSD DOCUMENTATION PROJECT BE " +"LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR " +"CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF " +"SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS " +"INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN " +"CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) " +"ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS DOCUMENTATION, EVEN IF ADVISED OF " +"THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:667 +msgid "FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation." +msgstr "FreeBSD 是 FreeBSD 基金會的註冊商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:669 +msgid "3Com and HomeConnect are registered trademarks of 3Com Corporation." +msgstr "3Com 和 HomeConnect 是 3Com Corporation 的註冊商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:671 +msgid "3ware is a registered trademark of 3ware Inc." +msgstr "3ware 是 3ware Inc 的註冊商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:673 +msgid "ARM is a registered trademark of ARM Limited." +msgstr "ARM 是 ARM Limited. 的註冊商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:675 +msgid "Adaptec is a registered trademark of Adaptec, Inc." +msgstr "Adaptec 是 Adaptec, Inc. 的註冊商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:677 +msgid "" +"Adobe, Acrobat, Acrobat Reader, Flash and PostScript are either registered " +"trademarks or trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States " +"and/or other countries." +msgstr "" +"Adobe, Acrobat, Acrobat Reader, Flash 以及 PostScript 是 Adobe Systems " +"Incorporated 在美國和/或其他國家的商標或註冊商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:681 +msgid "" +"Apple, AirPort, FireWire, iMac, iPhone, iPad, Mac, Macintosh, Mac OS, " +"Quicktime, and TrueType are trademarks of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. " +"and other countries." +msgstr "" +"Apple, AirPort, FireWire, iMac, iPhone, iPad, Mac, Macintosh, Mac OS, " +"Quicktime 以及 TrueType 是 Apple Inc. 在美國以及其他國家的註冊商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:686 +msgid "Android is a trademark of Google Inc." +msgstr "Android 是 Google Inc 的商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:688 +msgid "" +"Heidelberg, Helvetica, Palatino, and Times Roman are either registered " +"trademarks or trademarks of Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG in the U.S. and " +"other countries." +msgstr "" +"Heidelberg, Helvetica, Palatino 以及 Times Roman 是 Heidelberger " +"Druckmaschinen AG 在美國以及其他國家的商標或註冊商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:692 +msgid "" +"IBM, AIX, OS/2, PowerPC, PS/2, S/390, and ThinkPad are trademarks of " +"International Business Machines Corporation in the United States, other " +"countries, or both." +msgstr "" +"IBM, AIX, OS/2, PowerPC, PS/2, S/390 以及 ThinkPad 是 International Business " +"Machines Corporation 在美國和其他國家的商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:696 +msgid "" +"IEEE, POSIX, and 802 are registered trademarks of Institute of Electrical " +"and Electronics Engineers, Inc. in the United States." +msgstr "" +"IEEE, POSIX 以及 802 是 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, " +"Inc. 在美國的註冊商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:699 +msgid "" +"Intel, Celeron, Centrino, Core, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, " +"and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its " +"subsidiaries in the United States and other countries." +msgstr "" +"Intel, Celeron, Centrino, Core, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium 以" +"及 Xeon 是 Intel Corporation 及其分支機構在美國和其他國家的商標或註冊商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:703 +msgid "" +"Intuit and Quicken are registered trademarks and/or registered service marks " +"of Intuit Inc., or one of its subsidiaries, in the United States and other " +"countries." +msgstr "" +"Intuit 和 Quicken 是 Intuit Inc., 或其子公司在美國和其他國家的商標或註冊商" +"標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:706 +msgid "Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds." +msgstr "Linux 是 Linus Torvalds 的註冊商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:708 +msgid "" +"LSI Logic, AcceleRAID, eXtremeRAID, MegaRAID and Mylex are trademarks or " +"registered trademarks of LSI Logic Corp." +msgstr "" +"LSI Logic, AcceleRAID, eXtremeRAID, MegaRAID 以及 Mylex 是 LSI Logic Corp 的" +"商標或註冊商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:711 +msgid "" +"Microsoft, IntelliMouse, MS-DOS, Outlook, Windows, Windows Media and Windows " +"NT are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation " +"in the United States and/or other countries." +msgstr "" +"Microsoft, IntelliMouse, MS-DOS, Outlook, Windows, Windows Media 以及 " +"Windows NT 是 Microsoft Corporation 在美國和/或其他國家的商標或註冊商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:715 +msgid "" +"Motif, OSF/1, and UNIX are registered trademarks and IT DialTone and The " +"Open Group are trademarks of The Open Group in the United States and other " +"countries." +msgstr "" +"Motif, OSF/1 以及 UNIX 是 The Open Group 在美國和其他國家的註冊商標； IT " +"DialTone 和 The Open Group 是其商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:719 +msgid "Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation." +msgstr "Oracle 是 Oracle Corporation 的註冊商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:721 +msgid "" +"RealNetworks, RealPlayer, and RealAudio are the registered trademarks of " +"RealNetworks, Inc." +msgstr "" +"RealNetworks, RealPlayer, 和 RealAudio 是 RealNetworks, Inc. 的註冊商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:724 +msgid "" +"Red Hat, RPM, are trademarks or registered trademarks of Red Hat, Inc. in " +"the United States and other countries." +msgstr "Red Hat, RPM, 是 Red Hat, Inc. 在美國和其他國家的註冊商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:727 +msgid "" +"Sun, Sun Microsystems, Java, Java Virtual Machine, JDK, JRE, JSP, JVM, " +"Netra, OpenJDK, Solaris, StarOffice, SunOS and VirtualBox are trademarks or " +"registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and " +"other countries." +msgstr "" +"Sun, Sun Microsystems, Java, Java Virtual Machine, JDK, JRE, JSP, JVM, " +"Netra, OpenJDK, Solaris, StarOffice, SunOS 以及 VirtualBox 是 Sun " +"Microsystems, Inc. 在美國和其他國家的商標或註冊商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:732 +msgid "MATLAB is a registered trademark of The MathWorks, Inc." +msgstr "MATLAB 是 The MathWorks, Inc. 的註冊商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:734 +msgid "SpeedTouch is a trademark of Thomson." +msgstr "SpeedTouch 是 Thomson 的商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:736 +msgid "VMware is a trademark of VMware, Inc." +msgstr "VMware 是 VMware, Inc. 的商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:738 +msgid "Mathematica is a registered trademark of Wolfram Research, Inc." +msgstr "Mathematica 是 Wolfram Research, Inc 的註冊商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:740 +msgid "XFree86 is a trademark of The XFree86 Project, Inc." +msgstr "XFree86 是 The XFree86 Project, Inc 的商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:742 +msgid "Ogg Vorbis and Xiph.Org are trademarks of Xiph.Org." +msgstr "Ogg Vorbis 以及 Xiph.Org 是 Xiph.Org 的商標。" + +#. (itstool) path: legalnotice/para +#: book.translate.xml:744 +msgid "" +"Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish " +"their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in " +"this document, and the FreeBSD Project was aware of the trademark claim, the " +"designations have been followed by the ™ or the ® symbol." +msgstr "" +"許多製造商和經銷商使用一些稱為商標的圖案或文字設計來區別自己的產品。 本文件中" +"出現的眾多商標，以及 FreeBSD Project 本身廣所人知的商標，後面將以 ™ 或 ® 符號來標示。" + +#. (itstool) path: abstract/para +#: book.translate.xml:753 +msgid "" +"Welcome to FreeBSD! This handbook covers the installation and day to day use " +"of FreeBSD 9.3-RELEASE and FreeBSD 10.3-" +"RELEASE. This book is the result of ongoing work by many " +"individuals. Some sections might be outdated. Those interested in helping to " +"update and expand this document should send email to the FreeBSD " +"documentation project mailing list." +msgstr "" +"歡迎使用 FreeBSD！ 本使用手冊涵蓋範圍包括了 FreeBSD 9.3-RELEASE 與 FreeBSD 10.3-RELEASE。 這份使用手冊是很多人" +"的集體創作，而且仍然『持續不斷』的進行中。 許多章節仍未完成，已完成的部份也有" +"些需要更新。 如果您有興趣協助本計畫的話，請寄電子郵件至 FreeBSD 文件專案郵" +"遞論壇。" + +#. (itstool) path: abstract/para +#: book.translate.xml:761 +msgid "" +"The latest version of this book is available from the FreeBSD web site. Previous versions can " +"be obtained from http://" +"docs.FreeBSD.org/doc/. The book can be downloaded in a variety of " +"formats and compression options from the FreeBSD FTP server or one of the " +"numerous mirror sites. Printed copies " +"can be purchased at the FreeBSD Mall. Searches can be performed on the handbook and other " +"documents on the search page." +msgstr "" +"在 FreeBSD 網站 可以找到" +"這份文件的最新版本，舊版文件可從 http://docs.FreeBSD.org/doc/ 取得，也可以從 FreeBSD FTP 伺服器 或是眾" +"多 鏡像網站 下載不同格式的資料。 如果比" +"較偏好實體書面資料，那可以在 FreeBSD 商城 購買。 此外，您可在 搜尋頁面 中搜尋本文件或其他文" +"件的資料。" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/title +#: book.translate.xml:782 +msgid "Preface" +msgstr "序" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/bridgehead +#. (itstool) id: book.translate.xml#preface-audience +#: book.translate.xml:784 +msgid "Intended Audience" +msgstr "給讀者的話" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/para +#: book.translate.xml:787 +msgid "" +"The FreeBSD newcomer will find that the first section of this book guides " +"the user through the FreeBSD installation process and gently introduces the " +"concepts and conventions that underpin UNIX. Working through this section requires little more than the " +"desire to explore, and the ability to take on board new concepts as they are " +"introduced." +msgstr "" +"若您是第一次接觸 FreeBSD 的新手，可以在本書第一部分找到 FreeBSD 的安裝方法，" +"同時會逐步介紹 UNIX 的基礎概念與" +"一些常用、共通的東西。而閱讀這部分並不難，只需要您有探索的精神和接受新概念。" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/para +#: book.translate.xml:794 +msgid "" +"Once you have traveled this far, the second, far larger, section of the " +"Handbook is a comprehensive reference to all manner of topics of interest to " +"FreeBSD system administrators. Some of these chapters may recommend that you " +"do some prior reading, and this is noted in the synopsis at the beginning of " +"each chapter." +msgstr "" +"讀完這些之後，手冊中的第二部分花很長篇幅介紹的各種廣泛主題，相當值得系統管理" +"者去注意。 在閱讀這些章節的內容時所需要的背景知識，都註釋在該章的大綱裡面，若" +"不熟的話，可在閱讀前先預習一番。" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/para +#: book.translate.xml:801 +msgid "" +"For a list of additional sources of information, please see ." +msgstr "延伸閱讀方面，可參閱 。" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/bridgehead +#. (itstool) id: book.translate.xml#preface-changes-from3 +#: book.translate.xml:804 +msgid "Changes from the Third Edition" +msgstr "自第三版後的主要修訂" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/para +#: book.translate.xml:807 +msgid "" +"The current online version of the Handbook represents the cumulative effort " +"of many hundreds of contributors over the past 10 years. The following are " +"some of the significant changes since the two volume third edition was " +"published in 2004:" +msgstr "" +"您目前看到的這本手冊代表著上百位貢獻者歷時 10 年所累積的心血之作。以下為自 " +"2014 年發佈的兩冊第三版後所做的主要修訂：" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:814 +msgid "" +" has been added with information about the " +"powerful DTrace performance analysis tool." +msgstr "" +" 增加說明有關強大的 DTrace 效能分析工具的資訊。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:819 +msgid "" +" has been added with information about non-" +"native file systems in FreeBSD, such as ZFS from Sun." +msgstr "" +" 增加有關 FreeBSD 非原生檔案系統的資訊，如：來" +"自 Sun 的 ZSF。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:825 +msgid "" +" has been added to cover the new auditing " +"capabilities in FreeBSD and explain its use." +msgstr "" +" 增加的內容涵蓋 FreeBSD 的新稽查功能及其使用說明。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:830 +msgid "" +" has been added with information about " +"installing FreeBSD on virtualization software." +msgstr "" +" 增加有關在虛擬化軟體安裝 FreeBSD 的資訊。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:836 +msgid "" +" has been added to cover installation of " +"FreeBSD using the new installation utility, bsdinstall." +msgstr "" +" 增加的內容涵蓋使用新安裝工具 " +"bsdinstall 來安裝 FreeBSD。" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/bridgehead +#. (itstool) id: book.translate.xml#preface-changes-from2 +#: book.translate.xml:842 +msgid "Changes from the Second Edition (2004)" +msgstr "自第二版後的主要修訂 (2004)" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/para +#: book.translate.xml:845 +msgid "" +"The third edition was the culmination of over two years of work by the " +"dedicated members of the FreeBSD Documentation Project. The printed edition " +"grew to such a size that it was necessary to publish as two separate " +"volumes. The following are the major changes in this new edition:" +msgstr "" +"您目前看到的這本手冊第三版是 FreeBSD 文件計劃的成員歷時兩年完成的心血之作。因" +"文件內容成長到一定大小，印刷版需要分成兩冊發佈。新版的主要修訂部分如下：" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:853 +msgid "" +" has been expanded with new information " +"about the ACPI power and resource management, the cron " +"system utility, and more kernel tuning options." +msgstr "" +" 已針對新內容作更新，如：ACPI 電源管理、" +"cron 以及其他更多的核心調校選項說明內容。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:860 +msgid "" +" has been expanded with new information about " +"virtual private networks (VPNs), file system access control lists (ACLs), " +"and security advisories." +msgstr "" +" 增加了虛擬私人網路(VPN)、檔案系統的存取控制" +"(ACL)，以及安全報告。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:866 +msgid "" +" is a new chapter with this edition. It explains what " +"MAC is and how this mechanism can be used to secure a FreeBSD system." +msgstr "" +" 是此版本新增的章節。該章介紹：什麼是 MAC 機制？以及如" +"何運用它來使您的 FreeBSD 系統更安全。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:872 +msgid "" +" has been expanded with new information about USB " +"storage devices, file system snapshots, file system quotas, file and network " +"backed filesystems, and encrypted disk partitions." +msgstr "" +" 新增了像是：USB 隨身碟、檔案系統快照(snapshot)、檔" +"案系統配額(quota) 、檔案及網路的備援檔案系統、以及如何對硬碟分割區作加密等詳" +"解。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:879 +msgid "" +"A troubleshooting section has been added to ." +msgstr " 增加了疑難排解的章節。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:883 +msgid "" +" has been expanded with new information about using " +"alternative transport agents, SMTP authentication, UUCP, " +"fetchmail, procmail, " +"and other advanced topics." +msgstr "" +" 新增有關如何使用其它的傳輸代理程式、SMTP 認證、" +"UUCP、fetchmail、procmail 的運用以及其它進階主題。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:891 +msgid "" +" is all new with this edition. This " +"chapter includes information about setting up the Apache HTTP " +"Server, ftpd, and setting up a " +"server for Microsoft Windows clients with Samba. Some sections from " +"were moved here to improve the presentation." +msgstr "" +" 是該版中全新的一章。這一章介紹了如何架設 " +"Apache HTTP 伺服器、ftpd 以及用於支援 Microsoft Windows 客戶端的 " +"Samba。其中有些段落來自原先的 。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:901 +msgid "" +" has been expanded with new " +"information about using Bluetooth devices with FreeBSD, setting up wireless networks, and " +"Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networking." +msgstr "" +" 新增有關在 FreeBSD 中使用藍牙裝置、設定無線網路以及使用非同步傳輸模" +"式 (Asynchronous Transfer Mode, ATM) 網路的介紹。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:908 +msgid "" +"A glossary has been added to provide a central location for the definitions " +"of technical terms used throughout the book." +msgstr "增加詞彙表，用以說明全書中出現的術語。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:914 +msgid "" +"A number of aesthetic improvements have been made to the tables and figures " +"throughout the book." +msgstr "重新美編書中所列的圖表。" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/bridgehead +#. (itstool) id: book.translate.xml#preface-changes +#: book.translate.xml:919 +msgid "Changes from the First Edition (2001)" +msgstr "自第一版後的主要修訂 (2001)" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/para +#: book.translate.xml:922 +msgid "" +"The second edition was the culmination of over two years of work by the " +"dedicated members of the FreeBSD Documentation Project. The following were " +"the major changes in this edition:" +msgstr "" +"本手冊的第二版是 FreeBSD 文件計劃的成員歷時兩年完成的心血之作。第二版包的主要" +"變動如下︰" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:930 +msgid "A complete Index has been added." +msgstr "增加完整的目錄索引。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:934 +msgid "All ASCII figures have been replaced by graphical diagrams." +msgstr "所有的 ASCII 圖表均改成圖檔格式的圖表。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:939 +msgid "" +"A standard synopsis has been added to each chapter to give a quick summary " +"of what information the chapter contains, and what the reader is expected to " +"know." +msgstr "每個章節均加入概述，以便快速的瀏覽該章節內容摘要、讀者所欲了解的部分。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:945 +msgid "" +"The content has been logically reorganized into three parts: Getting " +"Started, System Administration, and " +"Appendices." +msgstr "" +"內容架構重新組織成三大部分: 入門、系統管理 以" +"及 附錄。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:952 +msgid "" +" has been expanded to contain additional " +"information about processes, daemons, and signals." +msgstr " 新增了程序、Daemon 以及 Signal 的介紹。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:958 +msgid "" +" has been expanded to contain additional " +"information about binary package management." +msgstr " 新增了介紹如何管理 binary 套件的資訊。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:964 +msgid "" +" has been completely rewritten with an emphasis on " +"using modern desktop technologies such as KDE and " +"GNOME on XFree86 4.X." +msgstr "" +" 經過全面改寫，著重於在 XFree86 4.X 上的現代桌面技術，如： KDE 和 " +"GNOME。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:971 +msgid " has been expanded." +msgstr " 更新相關內容。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:975 +msgid "" +" has been written from what used to be two separate " +"chapters on Disks and Backups. We feel that " +"the topics are easier to comprehend when presented as a single chapter. A " +"section on RAID (both hardware and software) has also been added." +msgstr "" +" 分別以兩個章節 磁碟 與 備份 來撰寫。我們認為這樣子會比單一章節來得容易瞭解。還有關於 RAID (包含硬" +"體、軟體 RAID) 的段落也新增上去了。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:984 +msgid "" +" has been completely reorganized and updated " +"for FreeBSD 4.X/5.X." +msgstr "" +" 架構重新改寫，並更新至 FreeBSD 4.X/5.X 的內" +"容。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:989 +msgid " has been substantially updated." +msgstr " 有相當程度的更新。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:994 +msgid "" +"Many new sections have been added to ." +msgstr " 加入許多新內容。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:998 +msgid "" +" has been expanded to include more information about " +"configuring sendmail." +msgstr "" +" 大量新增了設定 sendmail " +"的介紹。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1004 +msgid "" +" has been expanded to include information about " +"installing Oracle and SAP R/3." +msgstr "" +" 增加許多有關安裝 Oracle 以及 SAP R/3 的介紹。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1011 +msgid "The following new topics are covered in this second edition:" +msgstr "此外，第二版還新加章節，以介紹下列新主題：" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1016 +msgid "." +msgstr "。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1020 +msgid "." +msgstr "。" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/bridgehead +#. (itstool) id: book.translate.xml#preface-overview +#: book.translate.xml:1026 +msgid "Organization of This Book" +msgstr "本書架構" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/para +#: book.translate.xml:1028 +msgid "" +"This book is split into five logically distinct sections. The first section, " +"Getting Started, covers the installation and basic " +"usage of FreeBSD. It is expected that the reader will follow these chapters " +"in sequence, possibly skipping chapters covering familiar topics. The second " +"section, Common Tasks, covers some frequently used " +"features of FreeBSD. This section, and all subsequent sections, can be read " +"out of order. Each chapter begins with a succinct synopsis that describes " +"what the chapter covers and what the reader is expected to already know. " +"This is meant to allow the casual reader to skip around to find chapters of " +"interest. The third section, System Administration, " +"covers administration topics. The fourth section, Network " +"Communication, covers networking and server topics. The fifth " +"section contains appendices of reference information." +msgstr "" +"本書主要分為五大部分，第一部份入門：介紹 FreeBSD 的安" +"裝、基本操作。 讀者可根據自己的程度，循序或者跳過一些熟悉的主題來閱讀； 第二" +"部分一般作業：介紹 FreeBSD 常用功能，這部分可以不按順序" +"來讀。 每章前面都會有概述，概述會描述本章節涵蓋的內容和讀者應該已知的， 這主" +"要是讓讀者可以挑喜歡的章節閱讀； 第三部分系統管理：介紹 " +"FreeBSD 老手所感興趣的各種主題部分； 第四部分網路通訊：" +"則包括網路和各式伺服器主題；而第五部分則為附錄包含各種有關 FreeBSD 的資源。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1053 +msgid "" +"Introduces FreeBSD to a new user. It describes the history of the FreeBSD " +"Project, its goals and development model." +msgstr "向新手介紹 FreeBSD。該篇說明了 FreeBSD 計劃的歷史、目標和開發模式。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1063 +msgid "" +"Walks a user through the entire installation process of FreeBSD 9." +"x and later using bsdinstall." +msgstr "" +"帶領使用者走一次使用 bsdinstall 在 FreeBSD 9." +"x 及之後版本的完整安裝流程。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1073 +msgid "" +"Covers the basic commands and functionality of the FreeBSD operating system. " +"If you are familiar with Linux " +"or another flavor of UNIX then " +"you can probably skip this chapter." +msgstr "" +"涵蓋 FreeBSD 作業系統的基礎指令及功能。若您熟悉 Linux 或其他類 UNIX® 系統，您則可跳過此章。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1084 +msgid "" +"Covers the installation of third-party software with both FreeBSD's " +"innovative Ports Collection and standard binary packages." +msgstr "" +"涵蓋如何使用 FreeBSD 獨創的 Ports 套件集 與標準 Binary 套件安" +"裝第三方軟體。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1094 +msgid "" +"Describes the X Window System in general and using X11 on FreeBSD in " +"particular. Also describes common desktop environments such as " +"KDE and GNOME." +msgstr "" +"介紹 X Windows 系統概要及在 FreeBSD 上使用 X11，同時也會介紹常用的桌面環境如 " +"KDE 與 GNOME。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1107 +msgid "" +"Lists some common desktop applications, such as web browsers and " +"productivity suites, and describes how to install them on FreeBSD." +msgstr "" +"列出一些常用的桌面應用程式，例如：網頁瀏覽器、辦工工具並介紹如何安裝這些應用" +"程式到 FreeBSD。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1116 +msgid "" +"Shows how to set up sound and video playback support for your system. Also " +"describes some sample audio and video applications." +msgstr "" +"示範如何在您的系統設定音效及影像播放支援，同時會介紹幾個代表性的音訊及視訊應" +"用程式。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1126 +msgid "" +"Explains why you might need to configure a new kernel and provides detailed " +"instructions for configuring, building, and installing a custom kernel." +msgstr "說明為何需要設定新的核心並會提供設定、編譯與安裝的詳細操作說明。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1136 +msgid "" +"Describes managing printers on FreeBSD, including information about banner " +"pages, printer accounting, and initial setup." +msgstr "" +"介紹如何在 FreeBSD 管理印表機，包含橫幅頁面、列印帳務以及初始設定等資訊。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1146 +msgid "" +"Describes the Linux " +"compatibility features of FreeBSD. Also provides detailed installation " +"instructions for many popular Linux applications such as Oracle and Mathematica." +msgstr "" +"介紹 FreeBSD 的 Linux 相容性功" +"能，同時提供許多熱門的 Linux 應用" +"程式詳細的安裝操作說明，例如 Oracle 及 Mathematica。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1160 +msgid "" +"Describes the parameters available for system administrators to tune a " +"FreeBSD system for optimum performance. Also describes the various " +"configuration files used in FreeBSD and where to find them." +msgstr "" +"介紹可供系統管理者用來調校 FreeBSD 系統的可用參數來最佳化效率，同時也介紹 " +"FreeBSD 用到的各種設定檔以及到何處尋找這些設定檔。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1171 +msgid "" +"Describes the FreeBSD boot process and explains how to control this process " +"with configuration options." +msgstr "介紹 FreeBSD 開機流程並說明如何使用設定選項控制開機流程。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1180 +msgid "" +"Describes many different tools available to help keep your FreeBSD system " +"secure, including Kerberos, IPsec and OpenSSH." +msgstr "" +"介紹許多可讓您的 FreeBSD 系統更安全的各種工具，包含 Kerberos, IPsec 及 " +"OpenSSH。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1190 +msgid "" +"Describes the jails framework, and the improvements of jails over the " +"traditional chroot support of FreeBSD." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1199 +msgid "" +"Explains what Mandatory Access Control (MAC) is and how this mechanism can " +"be used to secure a FreeBSD system." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1209 +msgid "" +"Describes what FreeBSD Event Auditing is, how it can be installed, " +"configured, and how audit trails can be inspected or monitored." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1219 +msgid "" +"Describes how to manage storage media and filesystems with FreeBSD. This " +"includes physical disks, RAID arrays, optical and tape media, memory-backed " +"disks, and network filesystems." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1230 +msgid "" +"Describes what the GEOM framework in FreeBSD is and how to configure various " +"supported RAID levels." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1239 +msgid "" +"Examines support of non-native file systems in FreeBSD, like the Z File " +"System from Sun." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1248 +msgid "" +"Describes what virtualization systems offer, and how they can be used with " +"FreeBSD." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1257 +msgid "" +"Describes how to use FreeBSD in languages other than English. Covers both " +"system and application level localization." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1267 +msgid "" +"Explains the differences between FreeBSD-STABLE, FreeBSD-CURRENT, and " +"FreeBSD releases. Describes which users would benefit from tracking a " +"development system and outlines that process. Covers the methods users may " +"take to update their system to the latest security release." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1280 +msgid "" +"Describes how to configure and use the DTrace tool from Sun in FreeBSD. Dynamic tracing can help locate performance issues, " +"by performing real time system analysis." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1293 +msgid "" +"Explains how to connect terminals and modems to your FreeBSD system for both " +"dial in and dial out connections." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1303 +msgid "Describes how to use PPP to connect to remote systems with FreeBSD." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1312 +msgid "" +"Explains the different components of an email server and dives into simple " +"configuration topics for the most popular mail server software: " +"sendmail." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1323 +msgid "" +"Provides detailed instructions and example configuration files to set up " +"your FreeBSD machine as a network filesystem server, domain name server, " +"network information system server, or time synchronization server." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1334 +msgid "" +"Explains the philosophy behind software-based firewalls and provides " +"detailed information about the configuration of the different firewalls " +"available for FreeBSD." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1344 +msgid "" +"Describes many networking topics, including sharing an Internet connection " +"with other computers on your LAN, advanced routing topics, wireless " +"networking, Bluetooth, ATM, " +"IPv6, and much more." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1357 +msgid "" +"Lists different sources for obtaining FreeBSD media on CDROM or DVD as well " +"as different sites on the Internet that allow you to download and install " +"FreeBSD." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1367 +msgid "" +"This book touches on many different subjects that may leave you hungry for a " +"more detailed explanation. The bibliography lists many excellent books that " +"are referenced in the text." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1378 +msgid "" +"Describes the many forums available for FreeBSD users to post questions and " +"engage in technical conversations about FreeBSD." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1388 +msgid "Lists the PGP fingerprints of several FreeBSD Developers." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/bridgehead +#. (itstool) id: book.translate.xml#preface-conv +#: book.translate.xml:1394 +msgid "Conventions used in this book" +msgstr "本書的編排體裁" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/para +#: book.translate.xml:1397 +msgid "" +"To provide a consistent and easy to read text, several conventions are " +"followed throughout the book." +msgstr "為方便閱讀本書，以下是一些本書所遵循的編排體裁：" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/bridgehead +#. (itstool) id: book.translate.xml#preface-conv-typographic +#: book.translate.xml:1400 +msgid "Typographic Conventions" +msgstr "文字編排體裁" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:1404 +msgid "Italic" +msgstr "斜體字" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1407 +msgid "" +"An italic font is used for filenames, URLs, emphasized " +"text, and the first usage of technical terms." +msgstr "" +"斜體字用於：檔名、目錄、網址(URL)、 強調語氣、以及第一次" +"提及的技術詞彙。" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:1414 +msgid "Monospace" +msgstr "等寬字" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1417 +msgid "" +"A monospaced font is used for error messages, commands, " +"environment variables, names of ports, hostnames, user names, group names, " +"device names, variables, and code fragments." +msgstr "" +"等寬字用於： 錯誤訊息、指令、環境變數、Port 名稱、主機名" +"稱、帳號、群組、裝置名稱、變數、程式碼等。" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:1425 +msgid "Bold" +msgstr "粗體字" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1428 +msgid "" +"A bold font is used for applications, commands, and keys." +msgstr "以粗體字表示：應用程式、命令、按鍵。" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/bridgehead +#. (itstool) id: book.translate.xml#preface-conv-commands +#: book.translate.xml:1435 +msgid "User Input" +msgstr "使用者輸入" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/para +#: book.translate.xml:1438 +msgid "" +"Keys are shown in bold to stand out from other text. Key " +"combinations that are meant to be typed simultaneously are shown with " +"`+' between the keys, such as:" +msgstr "" +"鍵盤輸入以粗體字表示，以便與一般文字做區隔。 組合鍵是指同時" +"按下一些按鍵，我們以 `+' 來表示連接，像是：" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/para +#: book.translate.xml:1443 +msgid "" +" Ctrl Alt " +"Del" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/para +#: book.translate.xml:1449 +msgid "" +"Meaning the user should type the Ctrl, Alt, and Del keys at the same time." +msgstr "" +"是說，一起按 Ctrl、 Alt 以及 Del 鍵。" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/para +#: book.translate.xml:1453 +msgid "" +"Keys that are meant to be typed in sequence will be separated with commas, " +"for example:" +msgstr "若要逐一按鍵，那麼會以逗號(,)來表示，像是：" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/para +#: book.translate.xml:1456 +msgid "" +" Ctrl X , Ctrl S" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/para +#: book.translate.xml:1465 +msgid "" +"Would mean that the user is expected to type the Ctrl and " +"X keys simultaneously and then to type the Ctrl and S keys simultaneously." +msgstr "" +"是說：先同時按下 Ctrl 與 X 鍵， 然後放開後" +"再同時按 Ctrl 與 S 鍵。" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/bridgehead +#. (itstool) id: book.translate.xml#preface-conv-examples +#: book.translate.xml:1471 +msgid "Examples" +msgstr "範例" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/para +#: book.translate.xml:1473 +msgid "" +"Examples starting with C:\\> indicate a MS-DOS command. Unless otherwise noted, " +"these commands may be executed from a Command Prompt window " +"in a modern Microsoft Windows environment." +msgstr "" +"範例以 C:\\> 為開頭代表 MS-DOS 的指令。 若沒有特殊情況的話，這些指令應該是" +"在 Microsoft Windows 環境的 命令提示字元(Command " +"Prompt) 視窗內執行。" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/screen +#: book.translate.xml:1479 +#, no-wrap +msgid "E:\\> tools\\fdimage floppies\\kern.flp A:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/para +#: book.translate.xml:1481 +msgid "" +"Examples starting with # indicate a command that must be " +"invoked as the superuser in FreeBSD. You can login as root to type the command, or login as your normal " +"account and use su1 to gain superuser privileges." +msgstr "" +"範例以 # 為開頭代表在 FreeBSD 中以超級使用者權限來執行的指" +"令。 你可以先以 root 登入系統並下" +"指令，或是以你自己的帳號登入再使用 su1 來取得超級使用者權限。" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/screen +#: book.translate.xml:1487 +#, no-wrap +msgid "# dd if=kern.flp of=/dev/fd0" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/para +#: book.translate.xml:1489 +msgid "" +"Examples starting with % indicate a command that should be " +"invoked from a normal user account. Unless otherwise noted, C-shell syntax " +"is used for setting environment variables and other shell commands." +msgstr "" +"範例以 % 為開頭代表在 FreeBSD 中以一般使用者帳號執行的指" +"令。 除非有提到其他用法，否則都是預設為 C-shell 語法，用來設定環境變數以及下" +"其他指令的意思。" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/screen +#: book.translate.xml:1494 +#, no-wrap +msgid "% top" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/bridgehead +#. (itstool) id: book.translate.xml#preface-acknowledgements +#: book.translate.xml:1496 +msgid "Acknowledgments" +msgstr "銘謝" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/para +#: book.translate.xml:1498 +msgid "" +"The book you are holding represents the efforts of many hundreds of people " +"around the world. Whether they sent in fixes for typos, or submitted " +"complete chapters, all the contributions have been useful." +msgstr "" +"您所看到的這本書是經過數百個分散在世界各地的人所努力而來的結果。 無論他們只是" +"糾正一些錯誤或提交完整的章節，所有的點滴貢獻都是非常寶貴有用的。" + +#. (itstool) path: preface/para +#: book.translate.xml:1503 +msgid "" +"Several companies have supported the development of this document by paying " +"authors to work on it full-time, paying for publication, etc. In particular, " +"BSDi (subsequently acquired by Wind River Systems) paid members of the FreeBSD Documentation " +"Project to work on improving this book full time leading up to the " +"publication of the first printed edition in March 2000 (ISBN 1-57176-241-8). " +"Wind River Systems then paid several additional authors to make a number of " +"improvements to the print-output infrastructure and to add additional " +"chapters to the text. This work culminated in the publication of the second " +"printed edition in November 2001 (ISBN 1-57176-303-1). In 2003-2004, FreeBSD Mall, Inc, paid " +"several contributors to improve the Handbook in preparation for the third " +"printed edition." +msgstr "" +"也有一些公司透過提供資金讓作者專注於撰稿、提供出版資金等模式來支持文件的寫" +"作。 其中，BSDi (之後併入 Wind " +"River Systems) 資助 FreeBSD 文件計劃成員來專職改善這本書直到 2000 年 " +"3 月第一版的出版。(ISBN 1-57176-241-8) Wind River Systems 同時資助其他作者來" +"對輸出架構做很多改進，以及給文章增加一些附加章節。這項工作結束於 2001 年 11 " +"月第二版。(ISBN 1-57176-303-1) 在 2003-2004 兩年中，FreeBSD Mall, Inc 把報酬支付給改進這本" +"手冊以使第三版印刷版本能夠出版的志工。" + +#. (itstool) path: part/title +#: book.translate.xml:1522 +msgid "Getting Started" +msgstr "入門" + +#. (itstool) path: partintro/para +#: book.translate.xml:1525 +msgid "" +"This part of the handbook is for users and administrators who are new to " +"FreeBSD. These chapters:" +msgstr "這部份是提供給初次使用 FreeBSD 的使用者和系統管理者。 這些章節包括：" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1530 +msgid "Introduce FreeBSD." +msgstr "介紹 FreeBSD 給您。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1534 +msgid "Guide readers through the installation process." +msgstr "在安裝過程給您指引。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1538 +msgid "" +"Teach UNIX basics and " +"fundamentals." +msgstr "教您 UNIX 的基礎及原理。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1542 +msgid "" +"Show how to install the wealth of third party applications available for " +"FreeBSD." +msgstr "展示給您看如何安裝豐富的 FreeBSD 的應用軟體。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1547 +msgid "" +"Introduce X, the UNIX windowing " +"system, and detail how to configure a desktop environment that makes users " +"more productive." +msgstr "" +"向您介紹 X，UNIX 的視窗系統以及詳" +"細的桌面環境設定，讓您更有生產力。" + +#. (itstool) path: partintro/para +#: book.translate.xml:1553 +msgid "" +"The number of forward references in the text have been kept to a minimum so " +"that this section can be read from front to back with minimal page flipping." +msgstr "" +"我們試著儘可能的讓這段文字的參考連結數目降到最低，讓您在讀使用手冊的這部份時" +"可以不太需要常常前後翻頁。" + +#. (itstool) path: info/title +#. (itstool) path: sect1/title +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:1567 book.translate.xml:23657 book.translate.xml:65535 +msgid "Introduction" +msgstr "簡介" + +#. (itstool) path: authorgroup/author +#: book.translate.xml:1570 book.translate.xml:2823 +msgid "" +" Jim Mock Restructured, reorganized, and parts rewritten by " +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/title +#: book.translate.xml:1582 book.translate.xml:2876 book.translate.xml:5481 +#: book.translate.xml:8870 book.translate.xml:10534 book.translate.xml:12704 +#: book.translate.xml:13826 book.translate.xml:15432 book.translate.xml:17914 +#: book.translate.xml:19171 book.translate.xml:22656 book.translate.xml:23569 +#: book.translate.xml:27640 book.translate.xml:29250 book.translate.xml:31018 +#: book.translate.xml:31752 book.translate.xml:35405 book.translate.xml:41337 +#: book.translate.xml:41544 book.translate.xml:42846 book.translate.xml:43897 +#: book.translate.xml:46046 book.translate.xml:46431 book.translate.xml:48634 +#: book.translate.xml:50302 book.translate.xml:52215 book.translate.xml:57941 +#: book.translate.xml:61628 +msgid "Synopsis" +msgstr "概述" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:1584 +msgid "" +"Thank you for your interest in FreeBSD! The following chapter covers various " +"aspects of the FreeBSD Project, such as its history, goals, development " +"model, and so on." +msgstr "" +"非常感謝您對 FreeBSD 感興趣！以下章節涵蓋 FreeBSD 計劃的各方面：比如它的歷" +"史、目標、開發模式等等。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:1588 book.translate.xml:2903 book.translate.xml:5488 +#: book.translate.xml:8882 book.translate.xml:10555 book.translate.xml:15445 +#: book.translate.xml:17936 book.translate.xml:19185 book.translate.xml:23582 +#: book.translate.xml:27712 book.translate.xml:29277 book.translate.xml:31042 +#: book.translate.xml:31760 book.translate.xml:35431 book.translate.xml:41369 +#: book.translate.xml:41552 book.translate.xml:43909 book.translate.xml:46084 +#: book.translate.xml:46442 book.translate.xml:48645 book.translate.xml:50313 +#: book.translate.xml:57996 book.translate.xml:61633 +msgid "After reading this chapter, you will know:" +msgstr "讀完這章，您將了解︰" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1592 +msgid "How FreeBSD relates to other computer operating systems." +msgstr "FreeBSD 與其他作業系統之間的關係。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1597 +msgid "The history of the FreeBSD Project." +msgstr "FreeBSD 計劃的歷史。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1601 +msgid "The goals of the FreeBSD Project." +msgstr "FreeBSD 計劃的目標。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1605 +msgid "The basics of the FreeBSD open-source development model." +msgstr "FreeBSD 開源開發模式的基礎概念。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1610 +msgid "And of course: where the name FreeBSD comes from." +msgstr "當然囉，還有 FreeBSD 這名字的由來。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/title +#: book.translate.xml:1617 +msgid "Welcome to FreeBSD!" +msgstr "歡迎使用 FreeBSD!" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/indexterm +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1619 book.translate.xml:1788 +msgid "4.4BSD-Lite" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:1621 +msgid "" +"FreeBSD is a 4.4BSD-Lite based operating system for Intel (x86 and " +"Itanium), AMD64, Sun UltraSPARC computers. Ports to other " +"architectures are also under way. You can also read about the history of FreeBSD, or the current release. If you are interested " +"in contributing something to the Project (code, hardware, funding), see the " +"Contributing to FreeBSD article." +msgstr "" +"FreeBSD 是一個從 4.4BSD-Lite 衍生出而能在以 Intel (x86 與 Itanium), AMD64, Sun UltraSPARC 為基礎的電腦上執行的作業系統。同時，移植到其他平台" +"的工作也在進行中。 對於本計劃歷史的介紹，請看 FreeBSD 歷史， 對於 FreeBSD 的最新版本介紹，請看 最新的發行版本。 若打算對於 FreeBSD 計" +"劃有所貢獻的話 (程式碼、硬體、經費)， 請看 如何" +"對 FreeBSD 有貢獻。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:1631 +msgid "What Can FreeBSD Do?" +msgstr "FreeBSD 能做什麼？" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:1633 +msgid "FreeBSD has many noteworthy features. Some of these are:" +msgstr "FreeBSD 提供給你許多先進功能。這些功能包括：" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1639 +msgid "preemptive multitasking" +msgstr "先佔式多工" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1638 +msgid "" +"Preemptive multitasking <_:indexterm-1/> with dynamic " +"priority adjustment to ensure smooth and fair sharing of the computer " +"between applications and users, even under the heaviest of loads." +msgstr "" +"動態優先權調整的 先佔式多工 <_:indexterm-1/> 能夠確保，" +"即使在系統負擔很重的情況下，程式執行平順並且應用程式與使用者公平地共享資源。" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1648 +msgid "multi-user facilities" +msgstr "多人共用" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1648 +msgid "" +"Multi-user facilities<_:indexterm-1/> which allow many " +"people to use a FreeBSD system simultaneously for a variety of things. This " +"means, for example, that system peripherals such as printers and tape drives " +"are properly shared between all users on the system or the network and that " +"individual resource limits can be placed on users or groups of users, " +"protecting critical system resources from over-use." +msgstr "" +"多人共用<_:indexterm-1/> 代表著許多人可以同時使用一個 " +"FreeBSD 系統來處理各自的事務。 系統的硬體周邊 (如印表機及磁帶機) 也可以讓所有" +"的使用者適當地分享。 也可以針對各別使用者或一群使用者的系統資源，予以設限，以" +"保護系統不致被過度使用。" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1661 +msgid "TCP/IP networking" +msgstr "TCP/IP 網路" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1660 +msgid "" +"Strong TCP/IP networking<_:indexterm-1/> with support " +"for industry standards such as SCTP, DHCP, NFS, NIS, PPP, SLIP, IPsec, and " +"IPv6. This means that your FreeBSD machine can interoperate easily with " +"other systems as well as act as an enterprise server, providing vital " +"functions such as NFS (remote file access) and email services or putting " +"your organization on the Internet with WWW, FTP, routing and firewall " +"(security) services." +msgstr "" +"強大的 TCP/IP 網路<_:indexterm-1/> 功能可支援許多業界標" +"準，如：SCTP、DHCP、NFS、NIS、PPP、SLIP、IPSec、IPv6 的支援，也就是說 " +"FreeBSD 可以容易地跟其他作業系統透過網路共同運作，或是當作企業的伺服器用途 ，" +"例如提供遠端檔案共享(NFS)及電子郵件等服務， 或是讓您的企業連上網際網路並提供 " +"WWW、FTP、路由及防火牆 (安全性) 等必備服務。" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1674 +msgid "memory protection" +msgstr "記憶體保護" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1674 +msgid "" +"Memory protection<_:indexterm-1/> ensures that " +"applications (or users) cannot interfere with each other. One application " +"crashing will not affect others in any way." +msgstr "" +"記憶體保護 能確保程式 (或使用者) 不會互相干擾，即使任何" +"程式有不正常的運作，都不會影響其他程式的執行。" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1683 book.translate.xml:1926 +msgid "X Window System" +msgstr "X Window 系統" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1682 +msgid "" +"The industry standard X Window System<_:indexterm-1/> " +"(X11R7) can provide a graphical user interface (GUI) on any machine and " +"comes with full sources." +msgstr "" +"業界標準的 X Window 系統<_:indexterm-1/> (X11R7) 可以在" +"常見的便宜 VGA 顯示卡/螢幕， 提供了圖形化的使用者介面 (GUI)，並且包括了完整的" +"原始程式碼。" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#. (itstool) path: sect1/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1692 book.translate.xml:17919 +msgid "binary compatibility Linux" +msgstr "Binary 相容性 Linux" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1696 +msgid "binary compatibility SCO" +msgstr "Binary 相容性 SCO" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1700 +msgid "binary compatibility SVR4" +msgstr "Binary 相容性 SVR4" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1704 +msgid "binary compatibility BSD/OS" +msgstr "Binary 相容性 BSD/OS" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1708 +msgid "binary compatibility NetBSD" +msgstr "Binary 相容性 NetBSD" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1691 +msgid "" +"<_:indexterm-1/> <_:indexterm-2/> <_:indexterm-3/> <_:indexterm-4/> <_:" +"indexterm-5/> Binary compatibility with many programs " +"built for Linux, SCO, SVR4, BSDI and NetBSD." +msgstr "" +"<_:indexterm-1/> <_:indexterm-2/> <_:indexterm-3/> <_:indexterm-4/> <_:" +"indexterm-5/> Binary 相容性 可執行許多其他作業系統 " +"(如： Linux、SCO、SVR4、BSDI 和 NetBSD) 的可執行檔。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1718 +msgid "" +"Thousands of ready-to-run applications are available " +"from the FreeBSD ports and packages collection. Why search the net when you can find it all right here?" +msgstr "" +"數以萬計的 立即可以執行 的應用程式，這些都可透過 " +"FreeBSD 的 ports 及 套件 管理機制來" +"取得。 不再需要費心到網路上到處搜尋所需要的軟體。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1726 +msgid "" +"Thousands of additional and easy-to-port applications " +"are available on the Internet. FreeBSD is source code compatible with most " +"popular commercial UNIX systems " +"and thus most applications require few, if any, changes to compile." +msgstr "" +"在網路上有數以千計 易於移植 的應用程式。FreeBSD 的原始程" +"式碼與許多常見的商業版 UNIX 系統" +"都相容， 所以大部分的程式都只需要很少的修改(或根本不用修改) ，就可以編譯執" +"行。" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1735 +msgid "virtual memory" +msgstr "虛擬記憶體" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1734 +msgid "" +"Demand paged virtual memory<_:indexterm-1/> and " +"merged VM/buffer cache design efficiently satisfies " +"applications with large appetites for memory while still maintaining " +"interactive response to other users." +msgstr "" +"需要時才置換的 虛擬記憶體<_:indexterm-1/> 及 " +"merged VM/buffer cache 的設計， 這點在系統中有用去大量記憶體的" +"程式執行時，仍然有不錯的效率表現。 " + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1744 +msgid "Symmetric Multi-Processing (SMP)" +msgstr "對稱多工處理 (SMP)" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1744 +msgid "" +"SMP<_:indexterm-1/> support for machines with multiple " +"CPUs." +msgstr "" +"支援 CPU 的對稱多工處理(SMP)<_:indexterm-1/>：可以支援" +"多 CPU 的電腦系統。" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1753 +msgid "compilers C" +msgstr "編譯器 C" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1757 +msgid "compilers C++" +msgstr "編譯器 C++" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1752 +msgid "" +"<_:indexterm-1/> <_:indexterm-2/> A full complement of C and C++ development tools. Many additional " +"languages for advanced research and development are also available in the " +"ports and packages collection." +msgstr "" +"<_:indexterm-1/><_:indexterm-2/>完全相容的 C、" +"C++ 以及 Fortran 的環境和其他開發工具。 以及其他許多可供" +"進階研發的程式語言也收集在 ports 和套件。" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1770 +msgid "source code" +msgstr "原始碼" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1770 +msgid "" +"Source code<_:indexterm-1/> for the entire system means " +"you have the greatest degree of control over your environment. Why be locked " +"into a proprietary solution at the mercy of your vendor when you can have a " +"truly open system?" +msgstr "" +"整個系統都有 原始程式碼<_:indexterm-1/>， 這讓你對作業環" +"境擁有最完全的掌握度。 既然能擁有完全開放的系統，何苦被特定封閉軟體所約束，任" +"廠商擺佈呢？" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1779 +msgid "Extensive online documentation." +msgstr "廣泛且豐富的 線上文件。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1784 +msgid "And many more!" +msgstr "當然囉，還不止如此！" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1791 +msgid "Computer Systems Research Group (CSRG)" +msgstr "電腦系統研究組 (CSRG)" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:1788 +msgid "" +"FreeBSD is based on the 4.4BSD-Lite<_:indexterm-1/> release from Computer " +"Systems Research Group (CSRG)<_:indexterm-2/> at the University of " +"California at Berkeley, and carries on the distinguished tradition of BSD " +"systems development. In addition to the fine work provided by CSRG, the " +"FreeBSD Project has put in many thousands of hours in fine tuning the system " +"for maximum performance and reliability in real-life load situations. " +"FreeBSD offers performance and reliability on par with commercial offerings, " +"combined with many cutting-edge features not available anywhere else." +msgstr "" +"FreeBSD 系統乃是基於美國加州大學柏克萊分校的電腦系統研究組 (Computer Systems " +"Research Group 也就是 CSRG) 所發行的 4.4BSD-Lite<_:indexterm-1/>，以及基於 " +"BSD 系統開發的優良傳統。 除了由 CSRG 所提供的高品質的成果， 為了提供可處理真" +"正具負荷的工作， FreeBSD 計劃也投入了數千小時以上的細部調整， 以能獲得最好的" +"執行效率以及系統的穩定度。 正當許多商業上的巨人正努力地希望能提供效能及穩定" +"時，FreeBSD 已經具備這樣的特質，並具有其他地方沒有的尖端功能。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:1802 +msgid "" +"The applications to which FreeBSD can be put are truly limited only by your " +"own imagination. From software development to factory automation, inventory " +"control to azimuth correction of remote satellite antennae; if it can be " +"done with a commercial UNIX " +"product then it is more than likely that you can do it with FreeBSD too! " +"FreeBSD also benefits significantly from literally thousands of high quality " +"applications developed by research centers and universities around the " +"world, often available at little to no cost. Commercial applications are " +"also available and appearing in greater numbers every day." +msgstr "" +"FreeBSD 的運用範圍無限，其實完全限制在你的想像力上。 從軟體的開發到工廠自動" +"化，或是人造衛星上面的天線的方位角度的遠端控制； 這些功能若可以用商用的 " +"UNIX 產品來達成， 那麼極有可能使" +"用 FreeBSD 也能辦到！ FreeBSD 也受益於來自於全球各研究中心及大學所開發的數千" +"個高品質的軟體 ，這些通常只需要花費很少的費用或根本就是免費的。 當然也有商業" +"軟體，而且出現的數目是與日俱增。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:1814 +msgid "" +"Because the source code for FreeBSD itself is generally available, the " +"system can also be customized to an almost unheard of degree for special " +"applications or projects, and in ways not generally possible with operating " +"systems from most major commercial vendors. Here is just a sampling of some " +"of the applications in which people are currently using FreeBSD:" +msgstr "" +"由於每個人都可以取得 FreeBSD 的原始程式碼， 這個系統可以被量身訂做成能執行任" +"何原本完全無法想像的功能或計劃， 而對於從各廠商取得的作業系統通常沒有辦法這樣" +"地被修改。 以下提供一些人們使用 FreeBSD 的例子：" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1824 +msgid "" +"Internet Services: The robust TCP/IP networking built " +"into FreeBSD makes it an ideal platform for a variety of Internet services " +"such as:" +msgstr "" +"網際網路服務： FreeBSD 內建強勁的網路功能使它成為網路服" +"務(如下例)的理想平台：" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1831 +msgid "web servers" +msgstr "網頁伺服器" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1831 +msgid "World Wide Web servers<_:indexterm-1/> (standard or secure [SSL])" +msgstr "全球資訊網伺服器<_:indexterm-1/> (標準的或更安全的 [SSL])" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1838 +msgid "IPv4 and IPv6 routing" +msgstr "IPv4 及 IPv6 路由" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#. (itstool) path: chapter/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1842 book.translate.xml:57932 +msgid "firewall" +msgstr "防火牆" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1845 book.translate.xml:61098 +msgid "NAT" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1842 +msgid "" +"Firewalls<_:indexterm-1/> and NAT<_:indexterm-2/> (IP masquerading) gateways" +msgstr "" +"防火牆<_:indexterm-1/>以及 NAT<_:indexterm-2/> (IP masquerading) 通訊閘。" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1852 +msgid "FTP servers" +msgstr "FTP 伺服器" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1852 +msgid "FTP servers<_:indexterm-1/>" +msgstr "檔案傳輸協定伺服器<_:indexterm-1/>" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1859 +msgid "electronic mail email" +msgstr "電子郵件 email" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#. (itstool) path: sect1/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1863 book.translate.xml:50304 +msgid "email" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1858 +msgid "<_:indexterm-1/> <_:indexterm-2/> Electronic Mail servers" +msgstr "<_:indexterm-1/><_:indexterm-2/> 電子郵件伺服器" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1870 +msgid "And more..." +msgstr "還有更多..." + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1876 +msgid "" +"Education: Are you a student of computer science or a " +"related engineering field? There is no better way of learning about " +"operating systems, computer architecture and networking than the hands on, " +"under the hood experience that FreeBSD can provide. A number of freely " +"available CAD, mathematical and graphic design packages also make it highly " +"useful to those whose primary interest in a computer is to get " +"other work done!" +msgstr "" +"教育：若您是資工相關領域的學生，再也沒有比使用 FreeBSD " +"能學到更多作業系統、計算機結構、及網路的方法了。 另外如果你想利用電腦來處理一" +"些其他的工作，還有一些如 CAD、 數學運算以及圖形處理軟體" +"等可以免費地取得使用。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1888 +msgid "" +"Research: With source code for the entire system " +"available, FreeBSD is an excellent platform for research in operating " +"systems as well as other branches of computer science. FreeBSD's freely " +"available nature also makes it possible for remote groups to collaborate on " +"ideas or shared development without having to worry about special licensing " +"agreements or limitations on what may be discussed in open forums." +msgstr "" +"研究：有了完整的原始程式碼，FreeBSD 是研究作業系統及電腦" +"科學的極佳環境。 具有免費且自由取得特性的 FreeBSD 也使得一個分置兩地的合作計" +"劃，不必擔心版權及系統開放性的問題， 而能自在的交流。" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1900 book.translate.xml:61976 +msgid "router" +msgstr "路由器" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1902 +msgid "DNS Server" +msgstr "DNS 伺服器" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1899 +msgid "" +"Networking: Need a new router?<_:indexterm-1/> A name " +"server (DNS)?<_:indexterm-2/> A firewall to keep people out of your internal " +"network? FreeBSD can easily turn that unused PC sitting in the corner into " +"an advanced router with sophisticated packet-filtering capabilities." +msgstr "" +"網路： 你如果需要 路由器<_:indexterm-1/>、名稱伺服器 " +"(DNS)<_:indexterm-2/> 或安全的防火牆， FreeBSD 可以輕易的將你沒有用到的 386 " +"或 486 PC 變身成為絕佳的伺服器，甚至具有過濾封包的功能。" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1913 +msgid "embedded" +msgstr "嵌入式" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1911 +msgid "" +"Embedded: FreeBSD makes an excellent platform to build " +"embedded systems upon. <_:indexterm-1/> With support for the ARM, MIPS and PowerPC " +"platforms, coupled with a robust network stack, cutting edge features and " +"the permissive BSD license " +"FreeBSD makes an excellent foundation for building embedded routers, " +"firewalls, and other devices." +msgstr "" +"嵌入式： FreeBSD 是一套可用來建立嵌入式系統的傑出平台。 " +"<_:indexterm-1/> 支援 ARM, " +"MIPS 以及 PowerPC 平台，再加上健全的網路環境、尖端的功能以及" +"自由的 BSD 授權條款，FreeBSD 成" +"為用來建置嵌入式路由器、防火牆及其他裝置的絕佳基礎。" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1929 book.translate.xml:11904 +msgid "GNOME" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1932 book.translate.xml:11991 +msgid "KDE" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1925 +msgid "" +"<_:indexterm-1/> <_:indexterm-2/> <_:indexterm-3/> Desktop: FreeBSD makes a fine choice for an inexpensive desktop solution " +"using the freely available X11 server. FreeBSD offers a choice from many " +"open-source desktop environments, including the standard GNOME and KDE graphical user interfaces. " +"FreeBSD can even boot diskless from a central server, making " +"individual workstations even cheaper and easier to administer." +msgstr "" +"<_:indexterm-1/> <_:indexterm-2/> <_:indexterm-3/> 桌面: FreeBSD 同時也是低成本桌面解決方案中不錯的選擇，使用了免費的 X11 伺" +"服器。FreeBSD 提供許多開源桌面環境可選擇，包含了標準 GNOME 及 KDE 圖型化使用者介面。FreeBSD 甚至" +"可以透過中央伺服器做 無磁碟 開機，讓個人工作站變的更便宜、更易" +"於管理。" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1951 +msgid "Compiler" +msgstr "編譯器" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1948 +msgid "" +"Software Development: The basic FreeBSD system comes " +"with a full complement of development tools including a full C/C++<_:" +"indexterm-1/> compiler and debugger suite. Support for many other languages " +"are also available through the ports and packages collection." +msgstr "" +"軟體開發： 基本安裝的 FreeBSD 就包含了完整的程式開發工" +"具，如 C/C++<_:indexterm-1/> 編譯器及除錯器。 透過 port 與套件管理系統也可支" +"援需多其他語言。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:1960 +msgid "" +"FreeBSD is available to download free of charge, or can be obtained on " +"either CD-ROM or DVD. Please see for more " +"information about obtaining FreeBSD." +msgstr "" +"你可以經由燒錄 CD-ROM、DVD 或是從 FTP 站上抓回 FreeBSD。 詳情請參閱 取得 FreeBSD。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:1967 +msgid "Who Uses FreeBSD?" +msgstr "誰在用 FreeBSD？" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1969 +msgid "" +"users large sites running FreeBSD" +msgstr "" +"使用者 執行 FreeBSD 的大型站台" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:1974 +msgid "" +"FreeBSD's advanced features, proven security, predictable release cycle, and " +"permissive license have led to its use as a platform for building many " +"commercial and open source appliances, devices, and products. Many of the " +"world's largest IT companies use FreeBSD:" +msgstr "" +"FreeBSD 先進的功能、成熟的安全性、可預測的發佈週期以及自由的授權條款，讓 " +"FreeBSD 已經被用來做為建立許多商業、開源應用、裝置以及產品的平台，有許多世界" +"上最大的資訊公司使用 FreeBSD：" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#. (itstool) path: sect1/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1984 book.translate.xml:56605 +msgid "Apache" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1983 +msgid "" +"Apache <_:indexterm-1/> - " +"The Apache Software Foundation runs most of its public facing " +"infrastructure, including possibly one of the largest SVN repositories in " +"the world with over 1.4 million commits, on FreeBSD." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:1994 +msgid "Apple" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:1993 +msgid "" +"Apple <_:indexterm-1/> - " +"OS X borrows heavily from FreeBSD for the network stack, virtual file " +"system, and many userland components. Apple iOS also contains elements " +"borrowed from FreeBSD." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2004 +msgid "Cisco" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2003 +msgid "" +"Cisco <_:indexterm-1/> - " +"IronPort network security and anti-spam appliances run a modified FreeBSD " +"kernel." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2012 +msgid "Citrix" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2011 +msgid "" +"Citrix <_:indexterm-1/> - " +"The NetScaler line of security appliances provide layer 4-7 load balancing, " +"content caching, application firewall, secure VPN, and mobile cloud network " +"access, along with the power of a FreeBSD shell." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2023 +msgid "Dell KACE" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2021 +msgid "" +"Dell KACE <_:" +"indexterm-1/> - The KACE system management appliances run FreeBSD because of " +"its reliability, scalability, and the community that supports its continued " +"development." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2033 +msgid "Experts Exchange" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2031 +msgid "" +"Experts Exchange <_:indexterm-1/> - All public facing web servers are powered by " +"FreeBSD and they make extensive use of jails to isolate development and " +"testing environments without the overhead of virtualization." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2043 +msgid "Isilon" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2042 +msgid "" +"Isilon <_:indexterm-1/> - " +"Isilon's enterprise storage appliances are based on FreeBSD. The extremely " +"liberal FreeBSD license allowed Isilon to integrate their intellectual " +"property throughout the kernel and focus on building their product instead " +"of an operating system." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2055 +msgid "iXsystems" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2054 +msgid "" +"iXsystems <_:" +"indexterm-1/> - The TrueNAS line of unified storage appliances is based on " +"FreeBSD. In addition to their commercial products, iXsystems also manages " +"development of the open source projects PC-BSD and FreeNAS." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2065 +msgid "Juniper" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2064 +msgid "" +"Juniper <_:indexterm-1/> " +"- The JunOS operating system that powers all Juniper networking gear " +"(including routers, switches, security, and networking appliances) is based " +"on FreeBSD. Juniper is one of many vendors that showcases the symbiotic " +"relationship between the project and vendors of commercial products. " +"Improvements generated at Juniper are upstreamed into FreeBSD to reduce the " +"complexity of integrating new features from FreeBSD back into JunOS in the " +"future." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2080 +msgid "McAfee" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2079 +msgid "" +"McAfee <_:indexterm-1/> - " +"SecurOS, the basis of McAfee enterprise firewall products including " +"Sidewinder is based on FreeBSD." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2089 +msgid "NetApp" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2088 +msgid "" +"NetApp <_:indexterm-1/> - " +"The Data ONTAP GX line of storage appliances are based on FreeBSD. In " +"addition, NetApp has contributed back many features, including the new BSD " +"licensed hypervisor, bhyve." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2099 book.translate.xml:2361 +msgid "Netflix" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2098 +msgid "" +"Netflix <_:indexterm-1/> " +"- The OpenConnect appliance that Netflix uses to stream movies to its " +"customers is based on FreeBSD. Netflix has made extensive contributions to " +"the codebase and works to maintain a zero delta from mainline FreeBSD. " +"Netflix OpenConnect appliances are responsible for delivering more than 32% " +"of all Internet traffic in North America." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2112 +msgid "Sandvine" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2111 +msgid "" +"Sandvine <_:indexterm-1/" +"> - Sandvine uses FreeBSD as the basis of their high performance realtime " +"network processing platforms that make up their intelligent network policy " +"control products." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2122 +msgid "Sony" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2121 +msgid "" +"Sony <_:indexterm-1/> - The " +"PlayStation 4 gaming console runs a modified version of FreeBSD." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2130 +msgid "Sophos" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2129 +msgid "" +"Sophos <_:indexterm-1/> - " +"The Sophos Email Appliance product is based on a hardened FreeBSD and scans " +"inbound mail for spam and viruses, while also monitoring outbound mail for " +"malware as well as the accidental loss of sensitive information." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2142 +msgid "Spectra Logic" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2140 +msgid "" +"Spectra Logic <_:" +"indexterm-1/> - The nTier line of archive grade storage appliances run " +"FreeBSD and OpenZFS." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2151 +msgid "The Weather Channel" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2149 +msgid "" +"The Weather Channel <_:" +"indexterm-1/> - The IntelliStar appliance that is installed at each local " +"cable providers headend and is responsible for injecting local weather " +"forecasts into the cable TV network's programming runs FreeBSD." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2162 +msgid "Verisign" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2161 +msgid "" +"Verisign <_:indexterm-1/" +"> - Verisign is responsible for operating the .com and .net root domain " +"registries as well as the accompanying DNS infrastructure. They rely on a " +"number of different network operating systems including FreeBSD to ensure " +"there is no common point of failure in their infrastructure." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2175 +msgid "Voxer" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2174 +msgid "" +"Voxer <_:indexterm-1/> - " +"Voxer powers their mobile voice messaging platform with ZFS on FreeBSD. " +"Voxer switched from a Solaris derivative to FreeBSD because of its superior " +"documentation, larger and more active community, and more developer friendly " +"environment. In addition to critical features like ZFS " +"and DTrace, FreeBSD also offers TRIM support for ZFS." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2189 +msgid "WhatsApp" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2188 +msgid "" +"WhatsApp <_:indexterm-1/" +"> - When WhatsApp needed a platform that would be able to handle more than 1 " +"million concurrent TCP connections per server, they chose FreeBSD. They then " +"proceeded to scale past 2.5 million connections per server." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2201 +msgid "Wheel Systems" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2199 +msgid "" +"Wheel Systems <_:" +"indexterm-1/> - The FUDO security appliance allows enterprises to monitor, " +"control, record, and audit contractors and administrators who work on their " +"systems. Based on all of the best security features of FreeBSD including " +"ZFS, GELI, Capsicum, HAST, and auditdistd." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:2213 +msgid "FreeBSD has also spawned a number of related open source projects:" +msgstr "FreeBSD 也催生了數個相關的開源計劃：" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2220 +msgid "BSD Router" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2218 +msgid "" +"BSD Router <_:indexterm-1/> - " +"A FreeBSD based replacement for large enterprise routers designed to run on " +"standard PC hardware." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2229 +msgid "FreeNAS" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2228 +msgid "" +"FreeNAS <_:indexterm-1/> " +"- A customized FreeBSD designed to be used as a network file server " +"appliance. Provides a python based web interface to simplify the management " +"of both the UFS and ZFS file systems. Includes support for NFS, SMB/CIFS, " +"AFP, FTP, and iSCSI. Includes an extensible plugin system based on FreeBSD " +"jails." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2241 +msgid "GhostBSD" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2240 +msgid "" +"GhostBSD <_:indexterm-1/" +"> - A desktop oriented distribution of FreeBSD bundled with the Gnome " +"desktop environment." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2249 +msgid "mfsBSD" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2248 +msgid "" +"mfsBSD <_:indexterm-1/> - A " +"toolkit for building a FreeBSD system image that runs entirely from memory." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2257 +msgid "NAS4Free" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2256 +msgid "" +"NAS4Free <_:indexterm-1/" +"> - A file server distribution based on FreeBSD with a PHP powered web " +"interface." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2265 +msgid "OPNsense" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2264 +msgid "" +"OPNSense <_:indexterm-1/" +"> - OPNsense is an open source, easy-to-use and easy-to-build FreeBSD based " +"firewall and routing platform. OPNsense includes most of the features " +"available in expensive commercial firewalls, and more in many cases. It " +"brings the rich feature set of commercial offerings with the benefits of " +"open and verifiable sources." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2277 +msgid "PC-BSD" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2276 +msgid "" +"PC-BSD <_:indexterm-1/> - " +"A customized version of FreeBSD geared towards desktop users with graphical " +"utilities to exposing the power of FreeBSD to all users. Designed to ease " +"the transition of Windows and OS X users." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2287 +msgid "pfSense" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2286 +msgid "" +"pfSense <_:indexterm-1/> " +"- A firewall distribution based on FreeBSD with a huge array of features and " +"extensive IPv6 support." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2296 +msgid "ZRouter" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2295 +msgid "" +"ZRouter <_:indexterm-1/> - " +"An open source alternative firmware for embedded devices based on FreeBSD. " +"Designed to replace the proprietary firmware on off-the-shelf routers." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:2304 +msgid "" +"FreeBSD is also used to power some of the biggest sites on the Internet, " +"including:" +msgstr "FreeBSD 也同時被用來驅動一些網際網路上的大型網站，包括：" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2310 +msgid "Yahoo!" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2309 +msgid "" +"Yahoo! <_:indexterm-1/>" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2317 +msgid "Yandex" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2316 +msgid "" +"Yandex <_:indexterm-1/>" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2324 +msgid "Rambler" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2323 +msgid "" +"Rambler <_:indexterm-1/>" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2331 +msgid "Sina" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2330 +msgid "Sina <_:indexterm-1/>" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2339 +msgid "Pair Networks" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2337 +msgid "" +"Pair Networks <_:" +"indexterm-1/>" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2347 +msgid "Sony Japan" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2345 +msgid "" +"Sony Japan <_:indexterm-1/" +">" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2354 +msgid "Netcraft" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2353 +msgid "" +"Netcraft <_:indexterm-1/" +">" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2360 +msgid "" +"Netflix " +"<_:indexterm-1/>" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2368 +msgid "NetEase" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2367 +msgid "" +"NetEase <_:indexterm-1/>" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2375 +msgid "Weathernews" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2374 +msgid "" +"Weathernews <_:" +"indexterm-1/>" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2383 +msgid "TELEHOUSE America" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2381 +msgid "" +"TELEHOUSE America <_:" +"indexterm-1/>" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:2390 +msgid "" +"and many more. Wikipedia also maintains a list of products " +"based on FreeBSD." +msgstr "" +"還有許多的應用。維基百科也維護了一份 以 FreeBSD 為基礎的產品。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/title +#: book.translate.xml:2396 +msgid "About the FreeBSD Project" +msgstr "關於 FreeBSD 計劃" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:2398 +msgid "" +"The following section provides some background information on the project, " +"including a brief history, project goals, and the development model of the " +"project." +msgstr "接下來講的是 FreeBSD 計劃的背景，包含歷史、計劃目標以及開發模式。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:2403 +msgid "A Brief History of FreeBSD" +msgstr "FreeBSD 歷史簡介" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2405 +msgid "386BSD Patchkit" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2406 +msgid "Hubbard, Jordan" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2407 +msgid "Williams, Nate" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2408 +msgid "Grimes, Rod" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2409 +msgid "FreeBSD Project history" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:2414 +msgid "" +"The FreeBSD Project had its genesis in the early part of 1993, partially as " +"an outgrowth of the Unofficial 386BSDPatchkit by the patchkit's last 3 " +"coordinators: Nate Williams, Rod Grimes and Jordan Hubbard." +msgstr "" +"FreeBSD 計畫的想法是在 1993 年初所形成的， 那是源自於維護一組『非官方 386BSD " +"的修正工具』計劃的三個協調維護人 Nate Williams，Rod Grimes 和 Jordan " +"Hubbard。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2419 book.translate.xml:2459 +msgid "386BSD" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:2420 +msgid "" +"The original goal was to produce an intermediate snapshot of 386BSD in order " +"to fix a number of problems with it that the patchkit mechanism just was not " +"capable of solving. The early working title for the project was 386BSD 0.5 " +"or 386BSD Interim in reference of that fact." +msgstr "" +"最初的目標是做出一份 386BSD 綜合修正的 snapshot 版，以便修正當時一堆 " +"patchkit 都不容易解決的問題。有些人可能還記得早期的計劃名稱叫做 386BSD 0.5 " +"或 386BSD Interim 就是這個原因。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2426 +msgid "Jolitz, Bill" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:2427 +msgid "" +"386BSD was Bill Jolitz's operating system, which had been up to that point " +"suffering rather severely from almost a year's worth of neglect. As the " +"patchkit swelled ever more uncomfortably with each passing day, they decided " +"to assist Bill by providing this interim cleanup snapshot. " +"Those plans came to a rude halt when Bill Jolitz suddenly decided to " +"withdraw his sanction from the project without any clear indication of what " +"would be done instead." +msgstr "" +"386BSD 是 Bill Jolitz 的作業系統，在當時就已有約一年的分裂討論。 當該修正工" +"具 (patchkit) 日漸龐雜得令人不舒服，我們無異議地同意要作一些事了， 並決定提供" +"一份臨時性的 淨化版(cleanup) 來幫助 Bill。 然而，由於 Bill " +"Jolitz 忽然決定取消其對該計劃的認可，且沒有明確指出未來的打算， 所以該計劃便" +"突然面臨斷炊危機。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2437 +msgid "Greenman, David" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2438 +msgid "Walnut Creek CDROM" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:2440 +msgid "" +"The trio thought that the goal remained worthwhile, even without Bill's " +"support, and so they adopted the name \"FreeBSD\" coined by David Greenman. " +"The initial objectives were set after consulting with the system's current " +"users and, once it became clear that the project was on the road to perhaps " +"even becoming a reality, Jordan contacted Walnut Creek CDROM with an eye " +"toward improving FreeBSD's distribution channels for those many unfortunates " +"without easy access to the Internet. Walnut Creek CDROM not only supported " +"the idea of distributing FreeBSD on CD but also went so far as to provide " +"the project with a machine to work on and a fast Internet connection. " +"Without Walnut Creek CDROM's almost unprecedented degree of faith in what " +"was, at the time, a completely unknown project, it is quite unlikely that " +"FreeBSD would have gotten as far, as fast, as it has today." +msgstr "" +"不久我們便決定在即使沒有 Bill 的支持下，讓該計劃仍然繼續下去， 最後我們採用 " +"David Greenman 丟銅板決定的名字，也就是『FreeBSD』。 在詢問了當時的一些使用者" +"意見之後，就開始決定了最初的目標， 當該計劃開始實施一切就要成真時，一切就變得" +"更清楚了。 我跟 Walnut Creek CD-ROM 討論發行 CD-ROM 這樣子不便上網的人就可以" +"用比較簡單的方式取得 FreeBSD。 Walnut Creek CD-ROM 不只贊成以 CD-ROM 來發行 " +"FreeBSD 的想法，同時提供了一台機器以及快速的網際網路的頻寬。 如果不是 Walnut " +"Creek CD-ROM 幾乎是空前的信任這個剛開始還是完全默默無聞的計劃， 那麼很可能 " +"FreeBSD 不會如此快速的成長到今日這樣的規模。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2456 +msgid "4.3BSD-Lite" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2457 book.translate.xml:2472 +msgid "Net/2" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2458 book.translate.xml:2471 +msgid "U.C. Berkeley" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2460 book.translate.xml:8837 +msgid "Free Software Foundation" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:2462 +msgid "" +"The first CD-ROM (and general net-wide) distribution was FreeBSD 1.0, " +"released in December of 1993. This was based on the 4.3BSD-Lite " +"(Net/2) tape from U.C. Berkeley, with many components also " +"provided by 386BSD and the Free Software Foundation. It was a fairly " +"reasonable success for a first offering, and they followed it with the " +"highly successful FreeBSD 1.1 release in May of 1994." +msgstr "" +"第一張以 CD-ROM (及網路)發行的 FreeBSD 1.0 是在 1993 年十二月。 該版本是基於" +"由 U.C. Berkeley 以磁帶方式發行的 4.3BSD-Lite (Net/2)以及許多" +"來自於 386BSD 和自由軟體基金會的軟體。對於第一次發行而言還算成功， 我們又接著" +"於 1994 年 5 月發行了相當成功的 FreeBSD 1.1。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2470 +msgid "Novell" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2473 +msgid "AT&T" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:2474 +msgid "" +"Around this time, some rather unexpected storm clouds formed on the horizon " +"as Novell and U.C. Berkeley settled their long-running lawsuit over the " +"legal status of the Berkeley Net/2 tape. A condition of that settlement was " +"U.C. Berkeley's concession that large parts of Net/2 were encumbered code and the property of Novell, who had in turn acquired it from " +"AT&T some time previously. What Berkeley got in return was Novell's " +"blessing that the 4.4BSD-Lite release, when it was finally " +"released, would be declared unencumbered and all existing Net/2 users would " +"be strongly encouraged to switch. This included FreeBSD, and the project was " +"given until the end of July 1994 to stop shipping its own Net/2 based " +"product. Under the terms of that agreement, the project was allowed one last " +"release before the deadline, that release being FreeBSD 1.1.5.1." +msgstr "" +"然而此後不久，另一個意外的風暴在 Novell 和 U.C. Berkeley 關於 Berkeley Net/2 " +"磁帶之法律地位的訴訟確定之後形成。 U.C. Berkeley 接受大部份的 Net/2 的程式碼" +"都是侵佔來的且是屬於 Novell 的財產 -- 事實上是當時不久前從 " +"AT&T 取得的。 Berkeley 得到的是 Novell 對於 4.4BSD-Lite 的祝福，最後當 4.4BSD-Lite 終於發行之後，便不再是侵佔行為。 而所有現有 Net/2 " +"使用者都被強烈建議更換新版本，這包括了 FreeBSD。 於是，我們被要求於 1994 年 " +"6 月底前停止散佈基於 Net/2 的產品。在此前提之下，本計劃被允許在期限以前作最後" +"一次發行，也就是 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:2491 +msgid "" +"FreeBSD then set about the arduous task of literally re-inventing itself " +"from a completely new and rather incomplete set of 4.4BSD-Lite bits. The " +"Lite releases were light in part because Berkeley's CSRG had " +"removed large chunks of code required for actually constructing a bootable " +"running system (due to various legal requirements) and the fact that the " +"Intel port of 4.4 was highly incomplete. It took the project until November " +"of 1994 to make this transition, and in December it released FreeBSD 2.0 to " +"the world. Despite being still more than a little rough around the edges, " +"the release was a significant success and was followed by the more robust " +"and easier to install FreeBSD 2.0.5 release in June of 1995." +msgstr "" +"FreeBSD 便開始了這宛如『重新發明輪子』的艱鉅工作 -- 從全新的且不完整的 " +"4.4BSD-Lite 重新整合。 這個 Lite 版本是不完整的，因為 " +"Berkeley 的 CSRG 已經刪除了大量在建立一個可以開機執行的系統所需要的程式碼 (基" +"於若干法律上的要求)，且該版本在 Intel 平台的移植是非常不完整的。 直到 1994 " +"年 11 月本計劃才完成了這個轉移， 同時在該年 12 月底以 CD-ROM 以及網路的形式發" +"行了 FreeBSD 2.0。 雖然該份版本在當時有點匆促粗糙，但仍是富有意義的成功。 隨" +"之於 1995 年 6 月又發行了更容易安裝，更好的 FreeBSD 2.0.5。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:2505 +msgid "" +"Since that time, FreeBSD has made a series of releases each time improving " +"the stability, speed, and feature set of the previous version." +msgstr "" +"自那時以來，FreeBSD 在每一次對先前版本改進穩定性、速度及功能時便會發佈一個新" +"的發佈版本。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:2509 +msgid "" +"For now, long-term development projects continue to take place in the 10.X-" +"CURRENT (trunk) branch, and snapshot releases of 10.X are continually made " +"available from the snapshot server as work progresses." +msgstr "" +"目前，長期的開發計畫繼續在 10.X-CURRENT (trunk) 分支中進行，而 10.X 的 " +"snapshot 版本可以在 Snapshot 伺服器 取得。" + +#. (itstool) path: info/title +#: book.translate.xml:2517 +msgid "FreeBSD Project Goals" +msgstr "FreeBSD 計劃目標" + +#. (itstool) path: authorgroup/author +#: book.translate.xml:2520 +msgid "" +" Jordan Hubbard Contributed by " +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2530 +msgid "FreeBSD Project goals" +msgstr "FreeBSD 計劃 目標" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:2534 +msgid "" +"The goals of the FreeBSD Project are to provide software that may be used " +"for any purpose and without strings attached. Many of us have a significant " +"investment in the code (and project) and would certainly not mind a little " +"financial compensation now and then, but we are definitely not prepared to " +"insist on it. We believe that our first and foremost mission " +"is to provide code to any and all comers, and for whatever purpose, so that " +"the code gets the widest possible use and provides the widest possible " +"benefit. This is, I believe, one of the most fundamental goals of Free " +"Software and one that we enthusiastically support." +msgstr "" +"FreeBSD 計劃的目標在於提供可作任意用途的軟體而不附帶任何限制條文。 我們之中許" +"多人對程式碼 (以及計畫本身) 都有非常大的投入， 因此，當然不介意偶爾有一些資金" +"上的補償，但我們並沒打算堅決地要求得到這類資助。 我們認為我們的首要使" +"命是為任何人提供程式碼， 不管他們打算用這些程式碼做什麼， 因為這樣程" +"式碼將能夠被更廣泛地使用，從而發揮其價值。 我認為這是自由軟體最基本的，同時也" +"是我們所倡導的一個目標。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2546 +msgid "GNU General Public License (GPL)" +msgstr "GNU 通用公共授權條款 (GPL)" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2549 +msgid "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL)" +msgstr "GNU 較寬鬆通用公共授權條款 (LGPL)" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2552 +msgid "BSD Copyright" +msgstr "BSD 版權" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:2553 +msgid "" +"That code in our source tree which falls under the GNU General Public " +"License (GPL) or Library General Public License (LGPL) comes with slightly " +"more strings attached, though at least on the side of enforced access rather " +"than the usual opposite. Due to the additional complexities that can evolve " +"in the commercial use of GPL software we do, however, prefer software " +"submitted under the more relaxed BSD copyright when it is a reasonable " +"option to do so." +msgstr "" +"我們程式碼樹中，有若干是以 GNU 通用公共授權條款 (GPL) 或者 GNU Lesser " +"General Public License (LGPL) 發佈的那些程式碼帶有少許的附加限制，還好只是強" +"制性的要求開放程式碼而不是別的。 由於使用 GPL 的軟體在商業用途上會增加若干複" +"雜性，因此，如果可以選擇的話， 我們會比較喜歡使用限制相對更寬鬆的 BSD 版權來" +"發佈軟體。" + +#. (itstool) path: info/title +#: book.translate.xml:2565 +msgid "The FreeBSD Development Model" +msgstr "FreeBSD 開發模式" + +#. (itstool) path: authorgroup/author +#: book.translate.xml:2568 +msgid "" +" Satoshi Asami Contributed by " +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2578 +msgid "" +"FreeBSD Project development model" +msgstr "FreeBSD 專案 開發模式" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:2583 +msgid "" +"The development of FreeBSD is a very open and flexible process, being " +"literally built from the contributions of thousands of people around the " +"world, as can be seen from our list of contributors. FreeBSD's development infrastructure allow these thousands of " +"contributors to collaborate over the Internet. We are constantly on the " +"lookout for new developers and ideas, and those interested in becoming more " +"closely involved with the project need simply contact us at the FreeBSD " +"technical discussions mailing list. The FreeBSD announcements " +"mailing list is also available to those wishing to make other FreeBSD " +"users aware of major areas of work." +msgstr "" +"FreeBSD 的開發是一個非常開放且具彈性的過程，就像從 貢獻" +"者名單 所看到的，是由全世界成千上萬的貢獻者發展起來的。 FreeBSD 的開發" +"基礎架構允許數以百計的開發者透過網際網路協同工作。 我們也經常關注著那些對我們" +"的計畫感興趣的新開發者和新的創意， 那些有興趣更進一步參與計劃的人只需要在 " +"FreeBSD 技術討論郵遞論壇 連繫我們。 FreeBSD 公告郵遞論壇 對那些希望了解我們進度的人也是相當有用的。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:2596 +msgid "" +"Useful things to know about the FreeBSD Project and its development process, " +"whether working independently or in close cooperation:" +msgstr "" +"無論是單獨開發者或者封閉式的團隊合作，多瞭解 FreeBSD 計劃和它的開發過程會是不" +"錯的︰" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:2602 +msgid "The SVN repositories" +msgstr "SVN 檔案庫" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2606 +msgid "CVS" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2610 +msgid "CVS Repository" +msgstr "CVS 檔案庫" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2614 +msgid "Concurrent Versions System CVS" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#. (itstool) path: sect1/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2619 book.translate.xml:44965 book.translate.xml:45005 +#: book.translate.xml:65535 +msgid "Subversion" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2623 +msgid "Subversion Repository" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2627 +msgid "SVN Subversion" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2605 +msgid "" +"<_:indexterm-1/> <_:indexterm-2/> <_:indexterm-3/> <_:indexterm-4/> <_:" +"indexterm-5/> <_:indexterm-6/> For several years, the central source tree " +"for FreeBSD was maintained by CVS (Concurrent Versions System), a freely available source code " +"control tool. In June 2008, the Project switched to using SVN (Subversion). The switch was " +"deemed necessary, as the technical limitations imposed by CVS were becoming obvious due to the rapid expansion of the source " +"tree and the amount of history already stored. The Documentation Project and " +"Ports Collection repositories also moved from CVS " +"to SVN in May 2012 and July 2012, respectively. " +"Please refer to the Synchronizing your source " +"tree section for more information on obtaining the FreeBSD " +"src/ repository and Using " +"the Ports Collection for details on obtaining the FreeBSD Ports " +"Collection." +msgstr "" +"<_:indexterm-1/> <_:indexterm-2/> <_:indexterm-3/> <_:indexterm-4/> <_:" +"indexterm-5/> <_:indexterm-6/>過去數年來 FreeBSD 的中央原始碼樹 (Source " +"tree) 一直是以 CVS " +"(Concurrent Versions System) 來維護的， 它是一套免費的原始碼控管工具。 從 " +"2008 年 6 月起， FreeBSD 計劃開始改用 SVN (Subversion)。 這是一個必要的更換動作，因為隨著原始碼" +"樹及歷史版本儲存的數量不斷快速擴張，CVS 先天的技術" +"限制越來越明顯。 文件計劃與 Ports 套件集檔案庫也同樣於 2012 年 5 月及 2012 " +"年 7 月由 CVS 改為 SVN。請參考 同步您的原始碼樹 一節" +"來取得有關如何取得 FreeBSD src/ 檔案庫的更多資訊，以及 " +"使用 Ports 套件集 了解如何取得 FreeBSD " +"Ports 套件集。" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:2654 +msgid "The committers list" +msgstr "提交者名單" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2658 +msgid "committers" +msgstr "提交者" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2657 +msgid "" +"The committers <_:indexterm-1/> are the people who " +"have write access to the Subversion tree, and are " +"authorized to make modifications to the FreeBSD source (the term " +"committer comes from commit, the source " +"control command which is used to bring new changes into the repository). " +"Anyone can submit a bug to the Bug Database. Before submitting a bug report, the FreeBSD " +"mailing lists, IRC channels, or forums can be used to help verify that an " +"issue is actually a bug." +msgstr "" +"所謂的 提交者 (Committers) 指的是對 Subversion 原始碼" +"樹有 寫入 權限的人， 並且被授予修改 FreeBSD 原始碼的權" +"限。 (committer 一詞源自版本管理系統中的 commit 指令，該指令是用來把新的修改提交給檔案庫)。 任何人都可以回報問題到 " +"Bug Database，在" +"回報問題之前，可以使用 FreeBSD 郵遞清單、IRC 頻道或論壇來確認問題真的是一個錯" +"誤 (Bug)。" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:2674 +msgid "The FreeBSD core team" +msgstr "FreeBSD 核心團隊" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2678 +msgid "core team" +msgstr "核心團隊" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2677 +msgid "" +"The FreeBSD core team <_:indexterm-1/> would be " +"equivalent to the board of directors if the FreeBSD Project were a company. " +"The primary task of the core team is to make sure the project, as a whole, " +"is in good shape and is heading in the right directions. Inviting dedicated " +"and responsible developers to join our group of committers is one of the " +"functions of the core team, as is the recruitment of new core team members " +"as others move on. The current core team was elected from a pool of " +"committer candidates in July 2014. Elections are held every 2 years." +msgstr "" +"如果把 FreeBSD 看成是一家公司的話， FreeBSD 核心團隊<_:indexterm-1/> 就相當於董事會。 核心團隊的主要職責在於確保此計劃" +"有良好的架構，以朝著正確的方向發展。 此外，邀請熱血且負責的軟體開發者加入提交" +"者的行列， 以在若干成員離去時得以補充新血。 目前的核心團隊是在 2014 年 7 月從" +"提交者候選人之中選出來的，這個選舉每兩年會舉辦一次。" + +#. (itstool) path: note/para +#: book.translate.xml:2693 +msgid "" +"Like most developers, most members of the core team are also volunteers when " +"it comes to FreeBSD development and do not benefit from the project " +"financially, so commitment should also not be misconstrued as " +"meaning guaranteed support. The board of directors analogy above is not very accurate, and it may be more suitable to " +"say that these are the people who gave up their lives in favor of FreeBSD " +"against their better judgement!" +msgstr "" +"如同多數的開發者，核心團隊大部分成員加入 FreeBSD 開發都是志工性質而已， 並未" +"從本計劃中獲得任何薪酬，所以這只是一個 承諾 不應該被誤解為 " +"保證支援 才對。 前面用 董事會 來舉例可能不是很" +"恰當，或許我們應該說： 他們是一群自願放棄原本的優渥生活、個人其他領域成就， " +"而選擇投入 FreeBSD 開發的熱血有為者才對！" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:2708 +msgid "Outside contributors" +msgstr "非官方貢獻者" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2711 +msgid "" +"Last, but definitely not least, the largest group of developers are the " +"users themselves who provide feedback and bug fixes to us on an almost " +"constant basis. The primary way of keeping in touch with FreeBSD's more non-" +"centralized development is to subscribe to the FreeBSD technical " +"discussions mailing list where such things are discussed. See for more information about the various FreeBSD " +"mailing lists." +msgstr "" +"最後一點，但這點絕非最不重要的， 最大的開發者團隊就是持續為我們提供回饋以及錯" +"誤修正的使用者自己。 與 FreeBSD 非核心開發者互動的主要方式，便是透過訂閱 " +"FreeBSD 技術討論郵遞論壇 來進行溝通，這方面可參考，請參閱 以瞭解各式不同的 FreeBSD 郵遞論壇。" + +#. (itstool) path: para/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2722 +msgid "contributors" +msgstr "貢獻者" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2720 +msgid "" +"The FreeBSD Contributors List " +"<_:indexterm-1/> is a long and growing one, so why not join it by " +"contributing something back to FreeBSD today?" +msgstr "" +"FreeBSD 貢獻者名單 <_:" +"indexterm-1/> 相當長且不斷成長中， 只要有貢獻就會被列入其中， 要不要立即考慮" +"貢獻 FreeBSD 一些回饋呢？" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2727 +msgid "" +"Providing code is not the only way of contributing to the project; for a " +"more complete list of things that need doing, please refer to the FreeBSD Project web site." +msgstr "" +"提供原始碼並非為這個計劃做貢獻的唯一方式； 需要大家投入的完整工作清單請參閱 " +"FreeBSD 計畫網站。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:2735 +msgid "" +"In summary, our development model is organized as a loose set of concentric " +"circles. The centralized model is designed for the convenience of the " +"users of FreeBSD, who are provided with an easy way of " +"tracking one central code base, not to keep potential contributors out! Our " +"desire is to present a stable operating system with a large set of coherent " +"application programs that the users can " +"easily install and use — this model works very well in accomplishing that." +msgstr "" +"總而言之，我們的開發模式像是由鬆散的同心圓所組織。這個集中模式的設計為的是讓 " +"FreeBSD 的使用者更便利，可以很容易的追蹤同一個中央的程式" +"庫，避免把潛在的貢獻者排除在外！而我們的目標是提供一個穩定的作業系統，並有大" +"量相關的 應用程式，讓使用者能夠輕鬆的安裝與使" +"用 — 而這個開發模式對我們要完成這個目標來說運作的非常好。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:2745 +msgid "" +"All we ask of those who would join us as FreeBSD developers is some of the " +"same dedication its current people have to its continued success!" +msgstr "" +"我們對於那些想要加入 FreeBSD 開發者的期待是： 請保持如同前人一樣的投入，以確" +"保繼續成功！" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:2751 +msgid "Third Party Programs" +msgstr "第三方程式" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:2753 +msgid "" +"In addition to the base distributions, FreeBSD offers a ported software " +"collection with thousands of commonly sought-after programs. At the time of " +"this writing, there were over 24,000 ports! The list of ports ranges from " +"http servers, to games, languages, editors, and almost everything in " +"between. The entire Ports Collection requires approximately 500 MB. To " +"compile a port, you simply change to the directory of the program you wish " +"to install, type make install, and let the system do the " +"rest. The full original distribution for each port you build is retrieved " +"dynamically so you need only enough disk space to build the ports you want. " +"Almost every port is also provided as a pre-compiled package, " +"which can be installed with a simple command (pkg install) by those who do not wish to compile their own ports from source. " +"More information on packages and ports can be found in ." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:2774 +msgid "Additional Documentation" +msgstr "其他文件" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:2776 +msgid "" +"All recent FreeBSD versions provide an option in the installer (either " +"sysinstall8 or bsdinstall8) to install additional " +"documentation under /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd during " +"the initial system setup. Documentation may also be installed at any later " +"time using packages as described in . You may view the locally installed manuals with any HTML capable " +"browser using the following URLs:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:2788 +msgid "The FreeBSD Handbook" +msgstr "FreeBSD 使用手冊" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2791 +msgid "" +"/usr/local/share/doc/freebsd/handbook/index.html" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:2796 +msgid "The FreeBSD FAQ" +msgstr "FreeBSD 常見問答集" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2799 +msgid "" +"/usr/local/share/doc/freebsd/faq/index.html" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:2804 +msgid "" +"You can also view the master (and most frequently updated) copies at http://www.FreeBSD.org/." +msgstr "" +"此外，可在下列網址找到最新版 (也是更新最頻繁的版本)：http://www.FreeBSD.org/。" + +#. (itstool) path: info/title +#: book.translate.xml:2820 +msgid "Installing FreeBSD" +msgstr "安裝 FreeBSD" + +#. (itstool) path: authorgroup/author +#: book.translate.xml:2846 +msgid "" +" Gavin Atkinson Updated for bsdinstall by " +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: authorgroup/author +#: book.translate.xml:2855 +msgid "" +" Warren Block " +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: authorgroup/author +#: book.translate.xml:2864 +msgid "" +" Allan Jude Updated for root-on-ZFS by " +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:2878 +msgid "installation" +msgstr "安裝" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:2880 +msgid "" +"Beginning with FreeBSD 9.0-RELEASE, FreeBSD provides an easy to use, text-" +"based installation program named bsdinstall. This " +"chapter describes how to install FreeBSD using bsdinstall." +msgstr "" +"自從 FreeBSD 9.0-RELEASE 開始, FreeBSD 提供一個易用，文字介面的安裝程式 " +"bsdinstall。 本章描述如何用 " +"bsdinstall 來安裝 FreeBSD。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:2886 +msgid "" +"In general, the installation instructions in this chapter are written for " +"the i386 and AMD64 architectures. " +"Where applicable, instructions specific to other platforms will be listed. " +"There may be minor differences between the installer and what is shown here, " +"so use this chapter as a general guide rather than as a set of literal " +"instructions." +msgstr "" +"一般來說，本章所寫的安裝說明是針對 i386 和 " +"AMD64 架構。如果可以用於其他平台，將會列表說明。 安裝程式" +"和本章所敘述的內容可能會有些微差異，所以請將本章視為通用的指引，而不是完全照" +"著來做。" + +#. (itstool) path: note/para +#: book.translate.xml:2895 +msgid "" +"Users who prefer to install FreeBSD using a graphical installer may be " +"interested in pc-sysinstall, the installer used " +"by the PC-BSD Project. It can be used to install either a graphical desktop " +"(PC-BSD) or a command line version of FreeBSD. Refer to the PC-BSD Users " +"Handbook for details (http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Colophon)." +msgstr "" +"喜歡用圖形化安裝程式安裝 FreeBSD 的使用者， 可能會對 pc-" +"sysinstall 有興趣，這是 PC-BSD 計畫所使用的。 他可以用來安裝圖" +"形化桌面 (PC-BSD) 或是指令列版本的 FreeBSD。 細節請參考 PC-BSD 使用者 " +"Handbook (http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Colophon)。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2907 +msgid "The minimum hardware requirements and FreeBSD supported architectures." +msgstr "最低的硬體需求和 FreeBSD 支援的架構。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2912 +msgid "How to create the FreeBSD installation media." +msgstr "如何建立 FreeBSD 的安裝媒體。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2916 +msgid "How to start bsdinstall." +msgstr "如何開始執行 bsdinstall。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2921 +msgid "" +"The questions bsdinstall will ask, what they " +"mean, and how to answer them." +msgstr "" +"bsdinstall 會詢問的問題，問題代表的意思，以及如何" +"回答。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2926 +msgid "How to troubleshoot a failed installation." +msgstr "安裝失敗時如何做故障排除。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2930 +msgid "" +"How to access a live version of FreeBSD before committing to an installation." +msgstr "如何在正式安裝前使用 live 版本的 FreeBSD。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:2935 book.translate.xml:10584 book.translate.xml:13889 +#: book.translate.xml:17960 book.translate.xml:19218 book.translate.xml:23642 +#: book.translate.xml:29313 book.translate.xml:31060 book.translate.xml:31812 +#: book.translate.xml:35456 book.translate.xml:41387 book.translate.xml:41582 +#: book.translate.xml:42906 book.translate.xml:43940 book.translate.xml:46101 +#: book.translate.xml:46460 book.translate.xml:48671 book.translate.xml:50377 +#: book.translate.xml:58024 book.translate.xml:61670 +msgid "Before reading this chapter, you should:" +msgstr "在開始閱讀這章之前，您需要︰" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2939 +msgid "" +"Read the supported hardware list that shipped with the version of FreeBSD to " +"be installed and verify that the system's hardware is supported." +msgstr "" +"閱讀即將安裝的 FreeBSD 版本所附帶的硬體支援清單，並核對系統的硬體是否有支援。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/title +#: book.translate.xml:2947 +msgid "Minimum Hardware Requirements" +msgstr "最低硬體需求" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:2949 +msgid "" +"The hardware requirements to install FreeBSD vary by the hardware " +"architecture. Hardware architectures and devices supported by a FreeBSD " +"release are listed on the Release Information page of the FreeBSD web site " +"(http://www." +"FreeBSD.org/releases/index.html)." +msgstr "" +"安裝 FreeBSD 的硬體需求隨 FreeBSD 的版本和硬體架構而不同。 FreeBSD 發行版支援" +"的硬體架構和裝置可在 FreeBSD 網站 (http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/index.html)的發" +"行資訊頁面找到。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:2954 +msgid "" +"A FreeBSD installation will require a minimum 64 MB of RAM and 1.5 GB of free hard drive space for the most minimal " +"installation. However, that is a minimal install, " +"leaving almost no free space. RAM requirements depend on usage. Specialized " +"FreeBSD systems can run in as little as 128MB RAM while desktop systems " +"should have at least 4 GB of RAM." +msgstr "" +"FreeBSD 最小安裝需要至少 64 MB 的 RAM 和 1.5 GB 的可用硬碟" +"空間 但是這真的是 最小，幾乎沒有剩下多餘的空間。 RAM 的" +"需求視實際使用而訂，經特殊處理過後的 FreeBSD 系統可只使用 128MB RAM，圖形化環" +"境最少需要 4 GB 的 RAM。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:2963 +msgid "" +"The processor requirements for each architecture can be summarized as " +"follows:" +msgstr "每一種架構的處理器需求概述如下：" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:2968 +msgid "amd64" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2970 +msgid "" +"This is the most common type of processor desktop and laptop computers will " +"have. Other vendors may call this architecture x86-64." +msgstr "" +"這桌上型電腦與筆記型電腦是最常見的處理器類型，有些廠商可能會稱之為 " +"x86-64。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2974 +msgid "" +"There are two primary vendors of amd64 processors: Intel (which produces Intel64 " +"class processors) and AMD (which produces AMD64)." +msgstr "" +"主要有兩個廠商提供 amd64 處理器：Intel (生產 Intel64 級處理器) 以及 AMD (生產 " +"AMD64)。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2979 +msgid "" +"Examples of amd64 compatible processsors include: AMD Athlon64, AMD Opteron, multi-core Intel Xeon, and " +"Intel Core 2 and later processors." +msgstr "" +"與 amd64 相容的處理器包含：AMD Athlon64, " +"AMD Opteron, 多核心 Intel Xeon 以及 Intel Core 2 與之後的處理" +"器。" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:2987 +msgid "i386" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2989 +msgid "This architecture is the 32-bit x86 architecture." +msgstr "這個架構即為 32-bit x86 架構。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2992 +msgid "" +"Almost all i386-compatible processors with a floating point unit are " +"supported. All Intel processors " +"486 or higher are supported." +msgstr "" +"幾乎所有含浮點運算單元的 i386 相容處理器都有支援。所有 Intel 486 或是更高階的處理器也有支援。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:2996 +msgid "" +"FreeBSD will take advantage of Physical Address Extensions (PAE) support on CPUs that support this feature. A " +"kernel with the PAE feature enabled will detect memory " +"above 4 GB and allow it to be used by the system. This feature places " +"constraints on the device drivers and other features of FreeBSD which may be " +"used; refer to pae4 for details." +msgstr "" +"若 CPU 有支援實體位址延伸(PAE) 功能，" +"FreeBSD 可以運用這項功能的所帶來優點。有開啟 PAE 支援的核" +"心會偵測超過 4 GB 的記憶體，並讓這些記憶體能夠被系統使用。 這項功能會限制驅動" +"程式以及 FreeBSD 可能使用的其他功能，詳情請見 " +"pae4。" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:3008 +msgid "ia64" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3010 +msgid "" +"Currently supported processors are the Itanium and the Itanium 2. Supported chipsets include the HP zx1, Intel 460GX, and Intel E8870. Both Uniprocessor (UP) and " +"Symmetric Multi-processor (SMP) configurations are " +"supported." +msgstr "" +"目前支援的處理器是 Itanium 和 " +"Itanium 2。支援的晶片組包括 HP " +"zx1， Intel 460GX 和 Intel E8870。 單處理器 (Uniprocessor, " +"UP) 和對稱多處理器 (Symmetric Multi-processor, " +"SMP)的設定都有支援。" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:3020 +msgid "pc98" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3022 +msgid "" +"NEC PC-9801/9821 series with almost all i386-compatible processors, " +"including 80486, Pentium, " +"Pentium Pro, and Pentium II, are all supported. All i386-" +"compatible processors by AMD, Cyrix, IBM, and IDT are also supported. EPSON " +"PC-386/486/586 series, which are compatible with NEC PC-9801 series, are " +"supported. The NEC FC-9801/9821 and NEC SV-98 series should be supported." +msgstr "" +"NEC PC-9801/9821 系列幾乎所有 i386 相容處理器包括 80486、Pentium、 Pentium Pro 和 Pentium II 都有支援。 所有 AMD, Cyrix, IBM, 及 IDT 的i386 相容處理器都有支" +"援。 相容 NEC PC-9801 的 EPSON PC-386/486/586 系列都有支援。 NEC " +"FC-9801/9821 及 NEC SV-98 系列也有支援。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3031 +msgid "" +"High-resolution mode is not supported. NEC PC-98XA/XL/RL/XL^2, and NEC PC-" +"H98 series are supported in normal (PC-9801 compatible) mode only. The " +"SMP-related features of FreeBSD are not supported. The " +"New Extend Standard Architecture (NESA) bus used in the " +"PC-H98, SV-H98, and FC-H98 series, is not supported." +msgstr "" +"不支援高解析度模式。NEC PC-98XA/XL/RL/XL^2 和 NEC PC-H98 系列只支援正常 " +"(PC-9801 相容) 模式。 FreeBSD 對稱多處理器 SMP 相關功能並" +"不支援。 PC-H98， SV-H98 和FC-H98 新延伸標準架構 (NESA) 匯" +"流排不支援。" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:3042 +msgid "powerpc" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3044 +msgid "" +"All New World ROM Apple Mac systems with " +"built-in USB are supported. SMP is " +"supported on machines with multiple CPUs." +msgstr "" +"所有內建 USB 的 New World ROM " +"Apple Mac 系統都有支援。 SMP 在多 " +"CPU 的機器都有支援。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3049 +msgid "A 32-bit kernel can only use the first 2 GB of RAM." +msgstr "32 位元的核心只能使用前 2 GB 的 RAM。" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:3055 +msgid "sparc64" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3057 +msgid "" +"Systems supported by FreeBSD/sparc64 are listed at the FreeBSD/sparc64 " +"Project (http://" +"www.freebsd.org/platforms/sparc.html)." +msgstr "" +"FreeBSD/sparc64 支援的系統列在 FreeBSD/sparc64 計劃 (http://www.freebsd.org/platforms/" +"sparc.html)。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3060 +msgid "" +"SMP is supported on all systems with more than 1 " +"processor. A dedicated disk is required as it is not possible to share a " +"disk with another operating system at this time." +msgstr "" +"所有超過一個處理器的系統都有支援 SMP。需要專用的磁碟系統，" +"因為此時無法和其他作業系統共用磁碟。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/title +#: book.translate.xml:3070 +msgid "Pre-Installation Tasks" +msgstr "安裝前準備工作" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:3072 +msgid "" +"Once it has been determined that the system meets the minimum hardware " +"requirements for installing FreeBSD, the installation file should be " +"downloaded and the installation media prepared. Before doing this, check " +"that the system is ready for an installation by verifying the items in this " +"checklist:" +msgstr "" +"一旦確定系統符合安裝 FreeBSD 的最低硬體需求，就可以下載安裝檔案並準備安裝的媒" +"體。 做這些之前，先檢查以下核對清單的項目是否準備好了：" + +#. (itstool) path: step/title +#: book.translate.xml:3081 +msgid "Back Up Important Data" +msgstr "備份重要資料" + +#. (itstool) path: step/para +#: book.translate.xml:3083 +msgid "" +"Before installing any operating system, always backup " +"all important data first. Do not store the backup on the system being " +"installed. Instead, save the data to a removable disk such as a " +"USB drive, another system on the network, or an online " +"backup service. Test the backup before starting the installation to make " +"sure it contains all of the needed files. Once the installer formats the " +"system's disk, all data stored on that disk will be lost." +msgstr "" +"安裝任何作業系統前， 總是 要先備份所有重要資料。 不要儲" +"存備份在即將安裝的系統上。改為將資料儲存在可移除磁碟，像是 USB 隨身碟，網路上的另一個系統或是線上備份服務上。 開始安裝前，要測試備" +"份，確定它含有所有需要的檔案。 一旦安裝程式格式化系統的磁碟，所有儲存在上面的" +"資料都會遺失。" + +#. (itstool) path: step/title +#: book.translate.xml:3095 +msgid "Decide Where to Install FreeBSD" +msgstr "決定 FreeBSD 安裝在哪裡" + +#. (itstool) path: step/para +#: book.translate.xml:3097 +msgid "" +"If FreeBSD will be the only operating system installed, this step can be " +"skipped. But if FreeBSD will share the disk with another operating system, " +"decide which disk or partition will be used for FreeBSD." +msgstr "" +"如果 FreeBSD 是唯一要安裝的作業系統，這個步驟可以略過。 但是假如 FreeBSD 將和" +"其他作業系統分享磁碟空間的話，要決定 FreeBSD 要安裝在哪個磁碟或是哪個分割區。" + +#. (itstool) path: step/para +#: book.translate.xml:3102 +msgid "" +"In the i386 and amd64 architectures, disks can be divided into multiple " +"partitions using one of two partitioning schemes. A traditional " +"Master Boot Record (MBR) holds a " +"partition table defining up to four primary partitions. For historical reasons, FreeBSD calls these primary partition " +"slices. One of these primary partitions can be made " +"into an extended partition containing multiple " +"logical partitions. The GUID Partition " +"Table (GPT) is a newer and simpler method of " +"partitioning a disk. Common GPT implementations allow up " +"to 128 partitions per disk, eliminating the need for logical partitions." +msgstr "" +"在 i386 和 amd64 平台，磁碟可以使用兩種分割區配置之一來分割成多個分割區。 傳" +"統的主開機紀錄 (Master Boot Record, MBR) 有一個分割區表定義最多到 主分割區。 因為歷史" +"性的理由， FreeBSD 稱這些主分割區為 slices。 其中一個" +"主分割區可以分成一個 延伸分割區 ，他包含多個 邏輯分割區。 GUID 分" +"割區表 (GUID Partition Table, GPT) 是較新和較" +"簡單的分割磁碟的方法，一般 GPT 實作允許每個磁碟最多達 128 " +"個分割區，減少使用邏輯分割區的需要。" + +#. (itstool) path: warning/para +#: book.translate.xml:3120 +msgid "" +"Some older operating systems, like Windows XP, are not compatible with the GPT partition " +"scheme. If FreeBSD will be sharing a disk with such an operating system, " +"MBR partitioning is required." +msgstr "" +"一些比較舊的作業系統，像是 Windows XP 不相容 GPT 分割區配置。 如果 FreeBSD 將和這" +"樣的作業系統共享一個磁碟，那就需要用 MBR 分割。" + +#. (itstool) path: step/para +#: book.translate.xml:3127 +msgid "" +"The FreeBSD boot loader requires either a primary or GPT " +"partition. If all of the primary or GPT partitions are " +"already in use, one must be freed for FreeBSD. To create a partition without " +"deleting existing data, use a partition resizing tool to shrink an existing " +"partition and create a new partition using the freed space." +msgstr "" +"FreeBSD 開機啟動程式需要主分割區或是 GPT 分割區。如果所有" +"的主分割區或 GPT 分割區都已使用，必須釋放其中一個分割區讓 " +"FreeBSD 使用。如果要建立一個分割區而不刪除原有的資料，可以使用磁碟分割工具來" +"縮小現有的分割區，並使用多出的空間來建立新分割區。" + +#. (itstool) path: step/para +#: book.translate.xml:3135 +msgid "" +"A variety of free and commercial partition resizing tools are listed at " +"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" +"List_of_disk_partitioning_software. GParted Live (http://gparted.sourceforge.net/livecd.php) is a free live " +"CD which includes the GParted " +"partition editor. GParted is also included with " +"many other Linux live CD distributions." +msgstr "" +"各種自由的和商業化的磁碟分割工具列於 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" +"List_of_disk_partitioning_software。GParted Live (http://gparted.sourceforge.net/livecd.php) 是包含分割編輯工具 " +"GParted 的自由的 live CD。 " +"GParted 也包含在許多 Linux live CD 套件裡。" + +#. (itstool) path: warning/para +#: book.translate.xml:3145 +msgid "" +"When used properly, disk shrinking utilities can safely create space for " +"creating a new partition. Since the possibility of selecting the wrong " +"partition exists, always backup any important data and verify the integrity " +"of the backup before modifying disk partitions." +msgstr "" +"當正確地使用，磁碟分割工具可以安全地建立空間讓新的分割區使用。 因為有可能會誤" +"選已經存在的分割區，所以在修改磁碟分割區前， 一定要備份重要資料，並確認備份的" +"完整性。" + +#. (itstool) path: step/para +#: book.translate.xml:3152 +msgid "" +"Disk partitions containing different operating systems make it possible to " +"install multiple operating systems on one computer. An alternative is to use " +"virtualization () which allows multiple " +"operating systems to run at the same time without modifying any disk " +"partitions." +msgstr "" +"包含不同作業系統的磁碟分割區可以讓一台電腦安裝多重作業系統。 另一種作法是使用" +"虛擬化 () ，可以讓多重作業系統同時間執行而" +"不需要改變任何磁碟分割區。" + +#. (itstool) path: step/title +#: book.translate.xml:3161 +msgid "Collect Network Information" +msgstr "收集網路資訊" + +#. (itstool) path: step/para +#: book.translate.xml:3163 +msgid "" +"Some FreeBSD installation methods require a network connection in order to " +"download the installation files. After any installation, the installer will " +"offer to setup the system's network interfaces." +msgstr "" +"有些 FreeBSD 安裝方法為了下載安裝檔案需要網路連線。 在系統安裝之後，安裝程式" +"將會讓您設定系統的網路介面。" + +#. (itstool) path: step/para +#: book.translate.xml:3168 +msgid "" +"If the network has a DHCP server, it can be used to " +"provide automatic network configuration. If DHCP is not " +"available, the following network information for the system must be obtained " +"from the local network administrator or Internet service provider:" +msgstr "" +"如果網路有 DHCP 伺服器，可以自動設定網路。 如果沒有 " +"DHCP ， 需要從區域網路管理者或是網際網路服務商取得以下系統" +"的網路資訊：" + +#. (itstool) path: orderedlist/title +#: book.translate.xml:3176 +msgid "Required Network Information" +msgstr "需要的網路資訊" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:3179 book.translate.xml:53431 +msgid "IP address" +msgstr "IP 位址" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3183 +msgid "Subnet mask" +msgstr "子網路遮罩" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3187 +msgid "IP address of default gateway" +msgstr "預設閘道器 IP 位址" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3192 +msgid "Domain name of the network" +msgstr "網路的網域名稱" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3196 +msgid "" +"IP addresses of the network's DNS " +"servers" +msgstr "網路 DNS 伺服器 IP 位址" + +#. (itstool) path: step/title +#: book.translate.xml:3203 +msgid "Check for FreeBSD Errata" +msgstr "檢查 FreeBSD 勘誤表" + +#. (itstool) path: step/para +#: book.translate.xml:3205 +msgid "" +"Although the FreeBSD Project strives to ensure that each release of FreeBSD " +"is as stable as possible, bugs occasionally creep into the process. On very " +"rare occasions those bugs affect the installation process. As these problems " +"are discovered and fixed, they are noted in the FreeBSD Errata (http://www.freebsd.org/" +"releases/10.3R/errata.html) on the FreeBSD web site. Check the errata " +"before installing to make sure that there are no problems that might affect " +"the installation." +msgstr "" +"儘管 FreeBSD Project 努力確保每個 FreeBSD 發行版能夠儘可能地穩定，錯誤偶爾還" +"是會悄悄出現。 有極小的機會錯誤會影響安裝過程。 當這些問題被發現並修正後，會" +"被紀錄在 FreeBSD 網站的 FreeBSD 勘誤表 (http://www.freebsd.org/releases/10.3R/errata." +"html)。 安裝前要檢查勘誤表，確保沒有會影響到安裝的問題。" + +#. (itstool) path: step/para +#: book.translate.xml:3215 +msgid "" +"Information and errata for all the releases can be found on the release " +"information section of the FreeBSD web site (http://www.freebsd.org/releases/" +"index.html)." +msgstr "" +"所有發行版的資訊和勘誤表可以在 FreeBSD 網站的發行資訊找到 (http://www.freebsd.org/releases/" +"index.html)。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:3222 +msgid "Prepare the Installation Media" +msgstr "準備安裝的媒體" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3224 +msgid "" +"The FreeBSD installer is not an application that can be run from within " +"another operating system. Instead, download a FreeBSD installation file, " +"burn it to the media associated with its file type and size (CD, DVD, or USB), and boot the " +"system to install from the inserted media." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3231 +msgid "" +"FreeBSD installation files are available at www.freebsd.org/where." +"html#download. Each installation file's name includes the release " +"version of FreeBSD, the architecture, and the type of file. For example, to " +"install FreeBSD 10.2 on an amd64 system from a DVD, " +"download FreeBSD-10.2-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso, burn this " +"file to a DVD, and boot the system with the DVD inserted." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3240 +msgid "" +"Installation files are available in several formats. The formats vary " +"depending on computer architecture and media type." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#. (itstool) id: book.translate.xml#bsdinstall-installation-media-uefi +#: book.translate.xml:3244 +msgid "" +"Additional installation files are included for computers that boot with " +"UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface). The names " +"of these files include the string uefi." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3250 +msgid "File types:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3254 +msgid "" +"-bootonly.iso: This is the smallest installation file as " +"it only contains the installer. A working Internet connection is required " +"during installation as the installer will download the files it needs to " +"complete the FreeBSD installation. This file should be burned to a " +"CD using a CD burning application." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3264 +msgid "" +"-disc1.iso: This file contains all of the files needed to " +"install FreeBSD, its source, and the Ports Collection. It should be burned " +"to a CD using a CD burning application." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3272 +msgid "" +"-dvd1.iso: This file contains all of the files needed to " +"install FreeBSD, its source, and the Ports Collection. It also contains a " +"set of popular binary packages for installing a window manager and some " +"applications so that a complete system can be installed from media without " +"requiring a connection to the Internet. This file should be burned to a " +"DVD using a DVD burning application." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3283 +msgid "" +"-memstick.img: This file contains all of the files needed " +"to install FreeBSD, its source, and the Ports Collection. It should be " +"burned to a USB stick using the instructions below." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3291 +msgid "" +"After downloading the image file, download CHECKSUM.SHA256 from the same directory. Calculate a checksum for the image file. FreeBSD provides " +"sha2561 for this, used as sha256 imagefilename. Other operating systems have similar programs." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3299 +msgid "" +"Compare the calculated checksum with the one shown in CHECKSUM." +"SHA256. The checksums must match exactly. If the checksums do not " +"match, the image file is corrupt and must be downloaded again." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/title +#: book.translate.xml:3305 +msgid "Writing an Image File to USB" +msgstr "寫入映象檔到 USB" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:3307 +msgid "" +"The *.img file is an image of the " +"complete contents of a memory stick. It cannot be " +"copied to the target device as a file. Several applications are available " +"for writing the *.img to a USB " +"stick. This section describes two of these utilities." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: important/para +#: book.translate.xml:3316 +msgid "" +"Before proceeding, back up any important data on the USB " +"stick. This procedure will erase the existing data on the stick." +msgstr "" +"在繼續之前，請先備份 USB 上的重要資料，這個程序會清除在隨" +"身碟上既有的資料。" + +#. (itstool) path: procedure/title +#: book.translate.xml:3322 +msgid "Using dd to Write the Image" +msgstr "使用 dd 來寫入映像檔" + +#. (itstool) path: warning/para +#: book.translate.xml:3326 +msgid "" +"This example uses /dev/da0 as the target device where " +"the image will be written. Be very careful that the " +"correct device is used as this command will destroy the existing data on the " +"specified target device." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: step/para +#: book.translate.xml:3334 +msgid "" +"The dd1 command-line utility is available on BSD, Linux, and Mac OS systems. To burn the image using dd, insert the USB stick and determine its device " +"name. Then, specify the name of the downloaded installation file and the " +"device name for the USB stick. This example burns the " +"amd64 installation image to the first USB device on an " +"existing FreeBSD system." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: step/screen +#: book.translate.xml:3345 +#, no-wrap +msgid "# dd if=FreeBSD-10.2-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img of=/dev/da0 bs=1M conv=sync" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: step/para +#: book.translate.xml:3347 +msgid "" +"If this command fails, verify that the USB stick is not " +"mounted and that the device name is for the disk, not a partition. Some " +"operating systems might require this command to be run with " +"sudo8. Systems like Linux might buffer writes. To force all writes to complete, use " +"sync8." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: procedure/title +#: book.translate.xml:3358 +msgid "" +"Using Windows to Write the Image" +msgstr "使用 Windows 來寫入映象檔" + +#. (itstool) path: warning/para +#: book.translate.xml:3361 +msgid "" +"Be sure to give the correct drive letter as the existing data on the " +"specified drive will be overwritten and destroyed." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: step/title +#: book.translate.xml:3367 +msgid "" +"Obtaining Image Writer for Windows" +msgstr "" +"取得 Image Writer Windows 版" + +#. (itstool) path: step/para +#: book.translate.xml:3370 +msgid "" +"Image Writer for Windows is a free application that can correctly write an " +"image file to a memory stick. Download it from https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer/" +" and extract it into a folder." +msgstr "" +"Image Writer Windows 版 是一個免費的應用程式，可以正確地將映像檔寫入隨身" +"碟。 從 https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer/ 下載，並解壓縮到一個資料" +"夾。" + +#. (itstool) path: step/title +#: book.translate.xml:3378 +msgid "Writing the Image with Image Writer" +msgstr "用 Image Writer 寫入映象檔" + +#. (itstool) path: step/para +#: book.translate.xml:3380 +msgid "" +"Double-click the Win32DiskImager icon to start " +"the program. Verify that the drive letter shown under " +"Device is the drive with the memory stick. " +"Click the folder icon and select the image to be written to the memory " +"stick. Click [ Save ] to accept the image file name. " +"Verify that everything is correct, and that no folders on the memory stick " +"are open in other windows. When everything is ready, click " +"[ Write ] to write the image file to the memory stick." +msgstr "" +"雙擊 Win32DiskImager 圖示啟動程式。 確認 " +"Device 顯示的磁碟機代號是隨身碟的磁碟機代" +"號。 按下資料夾圖示選擇要寫入隨身碟的映像檔。 按下 [ Save ] 按鈕確定映像檔名。 確認所有東西都正確，隨身碟的資料夾並沒有在其他" +"視窗開啟。 所有東西準備好後，按下 [ Write ] 將映像檔寫" +"入隨身碟。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:3395 +msgid "You are now ready to start installing FreeBSD." +msgstr "您現在可以開始安裝 FreeBSD 。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/title +#: book.translate.xml:3401 +msgid "Starting the Installation" +msgstr "開始安裝" + +#. (itstool) path: important/para +#: book.translate.xml:3404 +msgid "" +"By default, the installation will not make any changes to the disk(s) before " +"the following message:" +msgstr "預設安裝程式在下列訊息顯示之前不會對磁碟做任何更動：" + +#. (itstool) path: important/programlisting +#: book.translate.xml:3407 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"Your changes will now be written to disk. If you\n" +"have chosen to overwrite existing data, it will\n" +"be PERMANENTLY ERASED. Are you sure you want to\n" +"commit your changes?" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: important/para +#: book.translate.xml:3412 +msgid "" +"The install can be exited at any time prior to this warning. If there is a " +"concern that something is incorrectly configured, just turn the computer off " +"before this point and no changes will be made to the system's disks." +msgstr "" +"在這個警告訊息之前可以隨時中止安裝，若有任何設定錯誤的疑慮，只需在此時關閉電" +"腦，將不會對系統磁碟做任何更改。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:3419 +msgid "" +"This section describes how to boot the system from the installation media " +"which was prepared using the instructions in . When using a bootable USB stick, plug in the " +"USB stick before turning on the computer. When booting " +"from CD or DVD, turn on the computer " +"and insert the media at the first opportunity. How to configure the system " +"to boot from the inserted media depends upon the architecture." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:3430 +msgid "Booting on i386 and amd64" +msgstr "在 i386 及 amd64 開機" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3432 +msgid "" +"These architectures provide a BIOS menu for selecting the " +"boot device. Depending upon the installation media being used, select the " +"CD/DVD or USB " +"device as the first boot device. Most systems also provide a key for " +"selecting the boot device during startup without having to enter the " +"BIOS. Typically, the key is either F10, " +"F11, F12, or Escape." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3443 +msgid "" +"If the computer loads the existing operating system instead of the FreeBSD " +"installer, then either:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3448 +msgid "" +"The installation media was not inserted early enough in the boot process. " +"Leave the media inserted and try restarting the computer." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3454 +msgid "" +"The BIOS changes were incorrect or not saved. Double-" +"check that the right boot device is selected as the first boot device." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3460 +msgid "" +"This system is too old to support booting from the chosen media. In this " +"case, the Plop Boot Manager () can be used to boot the " +"system from the selected media." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:3470 +msgid "Booting on PowerPC" +msgstr "在 PowerPC 開機" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3472 +msgid "" +"On most machines, holding C on the keyboard during boot " +"will boot from the CD. Otherwise, hold Command Option O F , or " +"Windows Alt O F on non-Apple " +"keyboards. At the 0 > prompt, enter" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/screen +#: book.translate.xml:3488 +#, no-wrap +msgid "boot cd:,\\ppc\\loader cd:0" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:3492 +msgid "Booting on SPARC64" +msgstr "在 SPARC64 開機" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3494 +msgid "" +"Most SPARC64 systems are set up " +"to boot automatically from disk. To install FreeBSD from a CD requires a break into the PROM." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3498 +msgid "" +"To do this, reboot the system and wait until the boot message appears. The " +"message depends on the model, but should look something like this:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/screen +#: book.translate.xml:3502 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"Sun Blade 100 (UltraSPARC-IIe), Keyboard Present\n" +"Copyright 1998-2001 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.\n" +"OpenBoot 4.2, 128 MB memory installed, Serial #51090132.\n" +"Ethernet address 0:3:ba:b:92:d4, Host ID: 830b92d4." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3507 +msgid "" +"If the system proceeds to boot from disk at this point, press L1A or " +"StopA on the keyboard, or send a BREAK over the " +"serial console. When using tip or " +"cu, ~# will issue a BREAK. The " +"PROM prompt will be ok on systems with " +"one CPU and ok {0} on SMP systems, where the digit indicates the number of the active " +"CPU." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3519 +msgid "" +"At this point, place the CD into the drive and type " +"boot cdrom from the PROM prompt." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:3525 +msgid "FreeBSD Boot Menu" +msgstr "FreeBSD 開機選單" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3527 +msgid "" +"Once the system boots from the installation media, a menu similar to the " +"following will be displayed:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:3531 +msgid "FreeBSD Boot Loader Menu" +msgstr "FreeBSD 開機載入程式選單" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:3535 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-newboot-loader-menu' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3540 +msgid "" +"By default, the menu will wait ten seconds for user input before booting " +"into the FreeBSD installer or, if FreeBSD is already installed, before " +"booting into FreeBSD. To pause the boot timer in order to review the " +"selections, press Space. To select an option, press its " +"highlighted number, character, or key. The following options are available." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3550 +msgid "" +"Boot Multi User: This will continue the FreeBSD boot " +"process. If the boot timer has been paused, press 1, upper- " +"or lower-case B, or Enter." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3558 +msgid "" +"Boot Single User: This mode can be used to fix an " +"existing FreeBSD installation as described in . Press 2 or the upper- or lower-case S to enter this mode." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3566 +msgid "" +"Escape to loader prompt: This will boot the system into a " +"repair prompt that contains a limited number of low-level commands. This " +"prompt is described in . Press 3 or Esc to boot into this prompt." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3575 +msgid "Reboot: Reboots the system." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3579 +msgid "" +"Configure Boot Options: Opens the menu shown in, and " +"described under, ." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:3585 +msgid "FreeBSD Boot Options Menu" +msgstr "FreeBSD 開機選項選單" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:3589 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-boot-options-menu' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3594 +msgid "" +"The boot options menu is divided into two sections. The first section can be " +"used to either return to the main boot menu or to reset any toggled options " +"back to their defaults." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3599 +msgid "" +"The next section is used to toggle the available options to On or Off by pressing the option's highlighted " +"number or character. The system will always boot using the settings for " +"these options until they are modified. Several options can be toggled using " +"this menu:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3608 +msgid "" +"ACPI Support: If the system hangs during boot, try " +"toggling this option to Off." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3614 +msgid "" +"Safe Mode: If the system still hangs during boot even " +"with ACPI Support set to Off, try " +"setting this option to On." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3621 +msgid "" +"Single User: Toggle this option to On " +"to fix an existing FreeBSD installation as described in . Once the problem is fixed, set it back to Off." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3629 +msgid "" +"Verbose: Toggle this option to On to " +"see more detailed messages during the boot process. This can be useful when " +"troubleshooting a piece of hardware." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3636 +msgid "" +"After making the needed selections, press 1 or " +"Backspace to return to the main boot menu, then press " +"Enter to continue booting into FreeBSD. A series of boot " +"messages will appear as FreeBSD carries out its hardware device probes and " +"loads the installation program. Once the boot is complete, the welcome menu " +"shown in will be displayed." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:3645 +msgid "Welcome Menu" +msgstr "歡迎選單" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:3649 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-choose-mode' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3654 +msgid "" +"Press Enter to select the default of " +"[ Install ] to enter the installer. The rest of this " +"chapter describes how to use this installer. Otherwise, use the right or " +"left arrows or the colorized letter to select the desired menu item. The " +"[ Shell ] can be used to access a FreeBSD shell in " +"order to use command line utilities to prepare the disks before " +"installation. The [ Live CD ] option can be used to " +"try out FreeBSD before installing it. The live version is described in ." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: tip/para +#: book.translate.xml:3667 +msgid "" +"To review the boot messages, including the hardware device probe, press the " +"upper- or lower-case S and then Enter to " +"access a shell. At the shell prompt, type more /var/run/dmesg.boot and use the space bar to scroll through the messages. When " +"finished, type exit to return to the welcome menu." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/title +#: book.translate.xml:3680 +msgid "Using bsdinstall" +msgstr "使用 bsdinstall" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:3682 +msgid "" +"This section shows the order of the bsdinstall " +"menus and the type of information that will be asked before the system is " +"installed. Use the arrow keys to highlight a menu option, then " +"Space to select or deselect that menu item. When finished, " +"press Enter to save the selection and move onto the next " +"screen." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:3691 +msgid "Selecting the Keymap Menu" +msgstr "選擇鍵盤對應表選單" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3693 +msgid "" +"Depending on the system console being used, bsdinstall may initially display the menu shown in ." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:3698 +msgid "Keymap Selection" +msgstr "鍵盤對應表選擇" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:3702 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-keymap-select-default' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3707 +msgid "" +"To configure the keyboard layout, press Enter with " +"[ YES ] selected, which will display the menu shown " +"in . To instead use the default " +"layout, use the arrow key to select [ NO ] and press " +"Enter to skip this menu screen." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:3716 +msgid "Selecting Keyboard Menu" +msgstr "選擇鍵盤選單" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:3720 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-config-keymap' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3725 +msgid "" +"When configuring the keyboard layout, use the up and down arrows to select " +"the keymap that most closely represents the mapping of the keyboard attached " +"to the system. Press Enter to save the selection." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: note/para +#: book.translate.xml:3731 +msgid "" +"Pressing Esc will exit this menu and use the default " +"keymap. If the choice of keymap is not clear, United States of " +"America ISO-8859-1 is also a safe option." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3737 +msgid "" +"In FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE and later, this menu has been enhanced. The full " +"selection of keymaps is shown, with the default preselected. In addition, " +"when selecting a different keymap, a dialog is displayed that allows the " +"user to try the keymap and ensure it is correct before proceeding." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:3744 +msgid "Enhanced Keymap Menu" +msgstr "改進後的鍵盤對應表選單" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:3748 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-keymap-10' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:3756 book.translate.xml:3763 +msgid "Setting the Hostname" +msgstr "設定主機名稱" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3758 +msgid "" +"The next bsdinstall menu is used to set the " +"hostname for the newly installed system." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:3767 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-config-hostname' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3772 +msgid "" +"Type in a hostname that is unique for the network. It should be a fully-" +"qualified hostname, such as machine3." +"example.com." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:3777 book.translate.xml:3783 +msgid "Selecting Components to Install" +msgstr "選擇要安裝的元件" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3779 +msgid "" +"Next, bsdinstall will prompt to select optional " +"components to install." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:3787 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-config-components' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3792 +msgid "" +"Deciding which components to install will depend largely on the intended use " +"of the system and the amount of disk space available. The FreeBSD kernel and " +"userland, collectively known as the base system, are " +"always installed. Depending on the architecture, some of these components " +"may not appear:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3801 +msgid "" +"doc - Additional documentation, mostly of historical " +"interest, to install into /usr/share/doc. The " +"documentation provided by the FreeBSD Documentation Project may be installed " +"later using the instructions in ." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3809 +msgid "" +"games - Several traditional BSD games, " +"including fortune, rot13, and others." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3816 +msgid "" +"lib32 - Compatibility libraries for running 32-bit " +"applications on a 64-bit version of FreeBSD." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3822 +msgid "" +"ports - The FreeBSD Ports Collection is a collection of " +"files which automates the downloading, compiling and installation of third-" +"party software packages. discusses how to use the " +"Ports Collection." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: warning/para +#: book.translate.xml:3829 +msgid "" +"The installation program does not check for adequate disk space. Select this " +"option only if sufficient hard disk space is available. The FreeBSD Ports " +"Collection takes up about 500 MB of disk space." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:3838 +msgid "" +"src - The complete FreeBSD source code for both the " +"kernel and the userland. Although not required for the majority of " +"applications, it may be required to build device drivers, kernel modules, or " +"some applications from the Ports Collection. It is also used for developing " +"FreeBSD itself. The full source tree requires 1 GB of disk space and " +"recompiling the entire FreeBSD system requires an additional 5 GB of space." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:3851 book.translate.xml:3862 +msgid "Installing from the Network" +msgstr "從網路安裝" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3853 +msgid "" +"The menu shown in only " +"appears when installing from a -bootonly.iso " +"CD as this installation media does not hold copies of the " +"installation files. Since the installation files must be retrieved over a " +"network connection, this menu indicates that the network interface must be " +"first configured." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:3866 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-netinstall-files' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3871 +msgid "" +"To configure the network connection, press Enter and follow " +"the instructions in . Once " +"the interface is configured, select a mirror site that is located in the " +"same region of the world as the computer on which FreeBSD is being " +"installed. Files can be retrieved more quickly when the mirror is close to " +"the target computer, reducing installation time." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:3880 +msgid "Choosing a Mirror" +msgstr "選擇鏡像站" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:3884 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-netinstall-mirrorselect' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3889 +msgid "" +"Installation will then continue as if the installation files were located on " +"the local installation media." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/title +#: book.translate.xml:3895 +msgid "Allocating Disk Space" +msgstr "配置磁碟空間" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:3897 +msgid "" +"The next menu is used to determine the method for allocating disk space. The " +"options available in the menu depend upon the version of FreeBSD being " +"installed." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:3902 +msgid "Partitioning Choices on FreeBSD 9.x" +msgstr "FreeBSD 9.x 的分割區選擇" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:3906 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-part-guided-manual' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:3912 +msgid "Partitioning Choices on FreeBSD 10.x and Higher" +msgstr "FreeBSD 10.x 或更新版本的磁碟分割選項" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:3916 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-zfs-partmenu' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:3921 +msgid "" +"Guided partitioning automatically sets up the disk " +"partitions, Manual partitioning allows advanced users to " +"create customized partitions from menu options, and Shell " +"opens a shell prompt where advanced users can create customized partitions " +"using command-line utilities like gpart8, " +"fdisk8, and bsdlabel8. ZFS partitioning, only available in FreeBSD 10 and later, creates an " +"optionally encrypted root-on-ZFS system with support for boot " +"environments." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:3932 +msgid "" +"This section describes what to consider when laying out the disk partitions. " +"It then demonstrates how to use the different partitioning methods." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:3937 +msgid "Designing the Partition Layout" +msgstr "規劃分割區配置" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:3939 +msgid "partition layout" +msgstr "分割區配置" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:3940 +msgid "/etc" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:3943 +msgid "/var" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:3946 +msgid "/usr" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3950 +msgid "" +"When laying out file systems, remember that hard drives transfer data faster " +"from the outer tracks to the inner. Thus, smaller and heavier-accessed file " +"systems should be closer to the outside of the drive, while larger " +"partitions like /usr should be placed toward the inner " +"parts of the disk. It is a good idea to create partitions in an order " +"similar to: /, swap, /var, and " +"/usr." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3960 +msgid "" +"The size of the /var partition reflects the intended " +"machine's usage. This partition is used to hold mailboxes, log files, and " +"printer spools. Mailboxes and log files can grow to unexpected sizes " +"depending on the number of users and how long log files are kept. On " +"average, most users rarely need more than about a gigabyte of free disk " +"space in /var." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: note/para +#: book.translate.xml:3970 +msgid "" +"Sometimes, a lot of disk space is required in /var/tmp. " +"When new software is installed, the packaging tools extract a temporary copy " +"of the packages under /var/tmp. Large software " +"packages, like Firefox, Apache " +"OpenOffice or LibreOffice may be " +"tricky to install if there is not enough disk space under /var/" +"tmp." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3981 +msgid "" +"The /usr partition holds many of the files which " +"support the system, including the FreeBSD Ports Collection and system source " +"code. At least 2 gigabytes is recommended for this partition." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3986 +msgid "" +"When selecting partition sizes, keep the space requirements in mind. Running " +"out of space in one partition while barely using another can be a hassle." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:3990 +msgid "swap sizing" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:3993 +msgid "swap partition" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:3997 +msgid "" +"As a rule of thumb, the swap partition should be about double the size of " +"physical memory (RAM). Systems with minimal RAM may perform better with more swap. Configuring too little swap can " +"lead to inefficiencies in the VM page scanning code and " +"might create issues later if more memory is added." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4005 +msgid "" +"On larger systems with multiple SCSI disks or multiple " +"IDE disks operating on different controllers, it is " +"recommended that swap be configured on each drive, up to four drives. The " +"swap partitions should be approximately the same size. The kernel can handle " +"arbitrary sizes but internal data structures scale to 4 times the largest " +"swap partition. Keeping the swap partitions near the same size will allow " +"the kernel to optimally stripe swap space across disks. Large swap sizes are " +"fine, even if swap is not used much. It might be easier to recover from a " +"runaway program before being forced to reboot." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4018 +msgid "" +"By properly partitioning a system, fragmentation introduced in the smaller " +"write heavy partitions will not bleed over into the mostly read partitions. " +"Keeping the write loaded partitions closer to the disk's edge will increase " +"I/O performance in the partitions where it occurs the " +"most. While I/O performance in the larger partitions may " +"be needed, shifting them more toward the edge of the disk will not lead to a " +"significant performance improvement over moving /var to " +"the edge." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:4031 +msgid "Guided Partitioning" +msgstr "引導式磁碟分割" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4033 +msgid "" +"When this method is selected, a menu will display the available disk(s). If " +"multiple disks are connected, choose the one where FreeBSD is to be " +"installed." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4038 +msgid "Selecting from Multiple Disks" +msgstr "自多個磁碟選擇" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4042 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-part-guided-disk' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4047 +msgid "" +"Once the disk is selected, the next menu prompts to install to either the " +"entire disk or to create a partition using free space. If " +"[ Entire Disk ] is chosen, a general partition layout " +"filling the whole disk is automatically created. Selecting " +"[ Partition ] creates a partition layout from the " +"unused space on the disk." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4057 +msgid "Selecting Entire Disk or Partition" +msgstr "選擇完整磁碟或分割區" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4061 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-part-entire-part' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4066 +msgid "" +"After the partition layout has been created, review it to ensure it meets " +"the needs of the installation. Selecting [ Revert ] " +"will reset the partitions to their original values and pressing " +"[ Auto ] will recreate the automatic FreeBSD " +"partitions. Partitions can also be manually created, modified, or deleted. " +"When the partitioning is correct, select [ Finish ] " +"to continue with the installation." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4077 +msgid "Review Created Partitions" +msgstr "確認已建立的分割區" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4081 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-part-review' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:4088 +msgid "Manual Partitioning" +msgstr "手動磁碟分割" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4090 +msgid "Selecting this method opens the partition editor:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4093 book.translate.xml:4108 book.translate.xml:4179 +msgid "Manually Create Partitions" +msgstr "手動建立分割區" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4097 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-part-manual-create' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4102 +msgid "" +"Highlight the installation drive (ada0 in this example) " +"and select [ Create ] to display a menu of available " +"partition schemes:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4112 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-part-manual-partscheme' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4117 +msgid "" +"GPT is usually the most appropriate choice for amd64 " +"computers. Older computers that are not compatible with GPT should use MBR. The other partition schemes are " +"generally used for uncommon or older computers." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: table/title +#: book.translate.xml:4124 +msgid "Partitioning Schemes" +msgstr "磁碟分割格式" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4129 +msgid "Abbreviation" +msgstr "縮寫" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4130 book.translate.xml:7088 book.translate.xml:8431 +#: book.translate.xml:11770 book.translate.xml:22965 book.translate.xml:23144 +#: book.translate.xml:27226 book.translate.xml:31214 book.translate.xml:42941 +#: book.translate.xml:52773 book.translate.xml:53280 book.translate.xml:54039 +#: book.translate.xml:54080 book.translate.xml:55406 book.translate.xml:65535 +msgid "Description" +msgstr "說明" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#. (itstool) path: glossentry/glossterm +#. (itstool) path: glossentry/acronym +#: book.translate.xml:4136 book.translate.xml:65535 +msgid "APM" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4137 +msgid "" +"Apple Partition Map, used by PowerPC." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#. (itstool) path: glossentry/glossterm +#. (itstool) path: glossentry/acronym +#: book.translate.xml:4141 book.translate.xml:65535 +msgid "BSD" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4142 +msgid "" +"BSD label without an MBR, sometimes " +"called dangerously dedicated mode as non-" +"BSD disk utilities may not recognize it." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4150 +msgid "GPT" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4151 +msgid "" +"GUID Partition Table (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GUID_Partition_Table)." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4155 +msgid "MBR" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4156 +msgid "" +"Master Boot Record (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_boot_record)." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4160 +msgid "PC98" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4161 +msgid "" +"MBR variant used by NEC PC-98 computers (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pc9801)." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4166 +msgid "VTOC8" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4167 +msgid "Volume Table Of Contents used by Sun SPARC64 and UltraSPARC computers." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4174 +msgid "" +"After the partitioning scheme has been selected and created, select " +"[ Create ] again to create the partitions." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4183 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-part-manual-addpart' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4188 +msgid "" +"A standard FreeBSD GPT installation uses at least three " +"partitions:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:4193 +msgid "freebsd-boot - Holds the FreeBSD boot code." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:4198 +msgid "" +"freebsd-ufs - A FreeBSD UFS file " +"system." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:4203 +msgid "freebsd-swap - FreeBSD swap space." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4208 +msgid "" +"Another partition type worth noting is freebsd-zfs, used " +"for partitions that will contain a FreeBSD ZFS file " +"system (). Refer to " +"gpart8 for descriptions of the available GPT " +"partition types." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4214 +msgid "" +"Multiple file system partitions can be created and some people prefer a " +"traditional layout with separate partitions for /, " +"/var, /tmp, and /usr. See for an " +"example." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4221 +msgid "" +"The Size may be entered with common abbreviations: " +"K for kilobytes, M for megabytes, " +"or G for gigabytes." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: tip/para +#: book.translate.xml:4227 +msgid "" +"Proper sector alignment provides the best performance, and making partition " +"sizes even multiples of 4K bytes helps to ensure alignment on drives with " +"either 512-byte or 4K-byte sectors. Generally, using partition sizes that " +"are even multiples of 1M or 1G is the easiest way to make sure every " +"partition starts at an even multiple of 4K. There is one exception: the " +"freebsd-boot partition should be no larger than 512K " +"due to current boot code limitations." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4238 +msgid "" +"A Mountpoint is needed if the partition will contain a " +"file system. If only a single UFS partition will be " +"created, the mountpoint should be /." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4243 +msgid "" +"The Label is a name by which the partition will be known. " +"Drive names or numbers can change if the drive is connected to a different " +"controller or port, but the partition label does not change. Referring to " +"labels instead of drive names and partition numbers in files like /" +"etc/fstab makes the system more tolerant to hardware changes. " +"GPT labels appear in /dev/gpt/ when " +"a disk is attached. Other partitioning schemes have different label " +"capabilities and their labels appear in different directories in /" +"dev/." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: tip/para +#: book.translate.xml:4256 +msgid "" +"Use a unique label on every partition to avoid conflicts from identical " +"labels. A few letters from the computer's name, use, or location can be " +"added to the label. For instance, use labroot or " +"rootfslab for the UFS root partition " +"on the computer named lab." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: example/title +#: book.translate.xml:4266 +msgid "Creating Traditional Split File System Partitions" +msgstr "建立傳統分割的檔案系統分割區" + +#. (itstool) path: example/para +#: book.translate.xml:4269 +msgid "" +"For a traditional partition layout where the /, " +"/var, /tmp, and /usr directories are separate file systems on their own partitions, " +"create a GPT partitioning scheme, then create the " +"partitions as shown. Partition sizes shown are typical for a 20G target " +"disk. If more space is available on the target disk, larger swap or " +"/var partitions may be useful. Labels shown here are " +"prefixed with ex for example, but readers " +"should use other unique label values as described above." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: example/para +#: book.translate.xml:4282 +msgid "" +"By default, FreeBSD's gptboot expects the first " +"UFS partition to be the / partition." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4290 +msgid "Partition Type" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4291 +msgid "Size" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4292 +msgid "Mountpoint" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4293 +msgid "Label" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4299 +msgid "freebsd-boot" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4300 +msgid "512K" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4304 book.translate.xml:4318 book.translate.xml:4325 +#: book.translate.xml:4332 +msgid "freebsd-ufs" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4305 book.translate.xml:4319 +msgid "2G" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4306 book.translate.xml:7093 +msgid "/" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4307 +msgid "exrootfs" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4311 +msgid "freebsd-swap" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4312 +msgid "4G" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4314 +msgid "exswap" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4320 +msgid "/var" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4321 +msgid "exvarfs" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4326 +msgid "1G" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4327 +msgid "/tmp" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4328 +msgid "extmpfs" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4333 +msgid "accept the default (remainder of the disk)" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4335 +msgid "/usr" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:4336 +msgid "exusrfs" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4343 +msgid "" +"After the custom partitions have been created, select [ Finish ] to continue with the installation." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:4349 +msgid "Root-on-ZFS Automatic Partitioning" +msgstr "Root-on-ZFS 自動磁碟分割" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4351 +msgid "" +"Support for automatic creation of root-on-ZFS installations was added in " +"FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE. This partitioning mode only works with whole disks and " +"will erase the contents of the entire disk. The installer will automatically " +"create partitions aligned to 4k boundaries and force ZFS " +"to use 4k sectors. This is safe even with 512 byte sector disks, and has the " +"added benefit of ensuring that pools created on 512 byte disks will be able " +"to have 4k sector disks added in the future, either as additional storage " +"space or as replacements for failed disks. The installer can also optionally " +"employ GELI disk encryption as described in . If encryption is enabled, a 2 GB unencrypted " +"boot pool containing the /boot directory is created. It " +"holds the kernel and other files necessary to boot the system. A swap " +"partition of a user selectable size is also created, and all remaining space " +"is used for the ZFS pool." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4370 +msgid "" +"The main ZFS configuration menu offers a number of " +"options to control the creation of the pool." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4375 +msgid "ZFS Partitioning Menu" +msgstr "ZFS 分割區選單" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4379 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-zfs-menu' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4384 +msgid "" +"Select T to configure the Pool Type and " +"the disk(s) that will constitute the pool. The automatic ZFS installer currently only supports the creation of a single top " +"level vdev, except in stripe mode. To create more complex pools, use the " +"instructions in to create the " +"pool. The installer supports the creation of various pool types, including " +"stripe (not recommended, no redundancy), mirror (best performance, least " +"usable space), and RAID-Z 1, 2, and 3 (with the capability to withstand the " +"concurrent failure of 1, 2, and 3 disks, respectively). while selecting the " +"pool type, a tooltip is displayed across the bottom of the screen with " +"advice about the number of required disks, and in the case of RAID-Z, the " +"optimal number of disks for each configuration." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4401 +msgid "ZFS Pool Type" +msgstr "ZFS 儲存池類型" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4405 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-zfs-vdev_type' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4410 +msgid "" +"Once a Pool Type has been selected, a list of available " +"disks is displayed, and the user is prompted to select one or more disks to " +"make up the pool. The configuration is then validated, to ensure enough " +"disks are selected. If not, select <Change Selection> to return to the list of disks, or <Cancel> to change the pool type." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4420 +msgid "Disk Selection" +msgstr "磁碟選擇" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4424 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-zfs-disk_select' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4430 +msgid "Invalid Selection" +msgstr "無效的選擇" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4434 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-zfs-vdev_invalid' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4439 +msgid "" +"If one or more disks are missing from the list, or if disks were attached " +"after the installer was started, select - Rescan Devices to repopulate the list of available disks. To ensure that the " +"correct disks are selected, so as not to accidently destroy the wrong disks, " +"the - Disk Info menu can be used to inspect each " +"disk, including its partition table and various other information such as " +"the device model number and serial number, if available." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4450 +msgid "Analyzing a Disk" +msgstr "分析磁碟" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4454 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-zfs-disk_info' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4459 +msgid "" +"The main ZFS configuration menu also allows the user to " +"enter a pool name, disable forcing 4k sectors, enable or disable encryption, " +"switch between GPT (recommended) and MBR partition table types, and select the amount of swap space. Once " +"all options have been set to the desired values, select the >" +">> Install option at the top of the menu." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4469 +msgid "" +"If GELI disk encryption was enabled, the installer will " +"prompt twice for the passphrase to be used to encrypt the disks." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4474 +msgid "Disk Encryption Password" +msgstr "磁碟加密密碼" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4478 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-zfs-geli_password' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4483 +msgid "" +"The installer then offers a last chance to cancel before the contents of the " +"selected drives are destroyed to create the ZFS pool." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4488 +msgid "Last Chance" +msgstr "最後修改" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4492 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-zfs-warning' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4497 +msgid "The installation then proceeds normally." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:4502 +msgid "Shell Mode Partitioning" +msgstr "Shell 模式磁碟分割" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4504 +msgid "" +"When creating advanced installations, the bsdinstall paritioning menus may not provide the level of flexibility " +"required. Advanced users can select the Shell option " +"from the partitioning menu in order to manually partition the drives, create " +"the file system(s), populate /tmp/bsdinstall_etc/fstab, " +"and mount the file systems under /mnt. Once this is " +"done, type exit to return to bsdinstall and continue the installation." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/title +#: book.translate.xml:4519 +msgid "Committing to the Installation" +msgstr "確認安裝" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:4521 +msgid "" +"Once the disks are configured, the next menu provides the last chance to " +"make changes before the selected hard drive(s) are formatted. If changes " +"need to be made, select [ Back ] to return to the " +"main partitioning menu. [ Revert & Exit ] will " +"exit the installer without making any changes to the hard drive." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4531 +msgid "Final Confirmation" +msgstr "最後確認" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4535 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-final-confirmation' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:4540 +msgid "" +"To instead start the actual installation, select [ Commit ] and press Enter." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:4544 +msgid "" +"Installation time will vary depending on the distributions chosen, " +"installation media, and speed of the computer. A series of messages will " +"indicate the progress." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:4548 +msgid "" +"First, the installer formats the selected disk(s) and initializes the " +"partitions. Next, in the case of a bootonly media, it downloads the selected " +"components:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4553 +msgid "Fetching Distribution Files" +msgstr "取得發佈版本檔案" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4557 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-distfile-fetching' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:4562 +msgid "" +"Next, the integrity of the distribution files is verified to ensure they " +"have not been corrupted during download or misread from the installation " +"media:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4567 +msgid "Verifying Distribution Files" +msgstr "檢驗發佈版本檔案" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4571 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-distfile-verifying' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:4576 +msgid "Finally, the verified distribution files are extracted to the disk:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4580 +msgid "Extracting Distribution Files" +msgstr "解開發佈版本檔案" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4584 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-distfile-extracting' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:4589 +msgid "" +"Once all requested distribution files have been extracted, " +"bsdinstall displays the first post-installation " +"configuration screen. The available post-configuration options are described " +"in the next section." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/title +#: book.translate.xml:4597 +msgid "Post-Installation" +msgstr "安裝後注意事項" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:4599 +msgid "" +"Once FreeBSD is installed, bsdinstall will prompt " +"to configure several options before booting into the newly installed system. " +"This section describes these configuration options." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: tip/para +#: book.translate.xml:4605 +msgid "" +"Once the system has booted, bsdconfig provides a menu-" +"driven method for configuring the system using these and additional options." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4612 book.translate.xml:4623 +msgid "Setting the root Password" +msgstr "設定 root 密碼" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4616 +msgid "" +"First, the root password must be " +"set. While entering the password, the characters being typed are not " +"displayed on the screen. After the password has been entered, it must be " +"entered again. This helps prevent typing errors." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4627 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-post-root-passwd' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:4634 +msgid "Configuring Network Interfaces" +msgstr "設定網路介面" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4636 +msgid "" +"Next, a list of the network interfaces found on the computer is shown. " +"Select the interface to configure." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: note/para +#: book.translate.xml:4640 +msgid "" +"The network configuration menus will be skipped if the network was " +"previously configured as part of a bootonly " +"installation." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4646 +msgid "Choose a Network Interface" +msgstr "選擇網路介面" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4650 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-configure-network-interface' " +"md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4655 +msgid "" +"If an Ethernet interface is selected, the installer will skip ahead to the " +"menu shown in . If a " +"wireless network interface is chosen, the system will instead scan for " +"wireless access points:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4661 +msgid "Scanning for Wireless Access Points" +msgstr "掃描無線網路存取點" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4665 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-configure-wireless-scan' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4670 +msgid "" +"Wireless networks are identified by a Service Set Identifier (SSID), a short, unique name given to each network. SSIDs found during the scan are listed, followed by a description of the " +"encryption types available for that network. If the desired SSID does not appear in the list, select [ Rescan ] to scan again. If the desired network still does not appear, " +"check for problems with antenna connections or try moving the computer " +"closer to the access point. Rescan after each change is made." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4682 +msgid "Choosing a Wireless Network" +msgstr "選擇無線網路" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4686 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-configure-wireless-accesspoints' " +"md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4691 +msgid "" +"Next, enter the encryption information for connecting to the selected " +"wireless network. WPA2 encryption is strongly recommended " +"as older encryption types, like WEP, offer little " +"security. If the network uses WPA2, input the password, " +"also known as the Pre-Shared Key (PSK). For security " +"reasons, the characters typed into the input box are displayed as asterisks." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4701 +msgid "WPA2 Setup" +msgstr "WPA2 設定" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4705 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-configure-wireless-wpa2setup' " +"md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4710 +msgid "" +"Next, choose whether or not an IPv4 address should be " +"configured on the Ethernet or wireless interface:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4715 +msgid "Choose IPv4 Networking" +msgstr "選擇 IPv4 網路" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4719 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-configure-network-interface-ipv4' " +"md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4724 +msgid "" +"There are two methods of IPv4 configuration. " +"DHCP will automatically configure the network interface " +"correctly and should be used if the network provides a DHCP server. Otherwise, the addressing information needs to be input " +"manually as a static configuration." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: note/para +#: book.translate.xml:4732 +msgid "" +"Do not enter random network information as it will not work. If a " +"DHCP server is not available, obtain the information " +"listed in from " +"the network administrator or Internet service provider." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4739 +msgid "" +"If a DHCP server is available, select [ Yes ] in the next menu to automatically configure the network " +"interface. The installer will appear to pause for a minute or so as it finds " +"the DHCP server and obtains the addressing information " +"for the system." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4747 +msgid "Choose IPv4 DHCP Configuration" +msgstr "選擇 IPv4 DHCP 設定" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4752 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-configure-network-interface-ipv4-dhcp' " +"md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4757 +msgid "" +"If a DHCP server is not available, select " +"[ No ] and input the following addressing information " +"in this menu:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4762 +msgid "IPv4 Static Configuration" +msgstr "IPv4 靜態位置設定" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4766 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-configure-network-interface-ipv4-static' " +"md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:4773 +msgid "" +"IP Address - The IPv4 address assigned " +"to this computer. The address must be unique and not already in use by " +"another piece of equipment on the local network." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:4780 +msgid "Subnet Mask - The subnet mask for the network." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:4785 +msgid "" +"Default Router - The IP address of the " +"network's default gateway." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4791 +msgid "" +"The next screen will ask if the interface should be configured for " +"IPv6. If IPv6 is available and " +"desired, choose [ Yes ] to select it." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4797 +msgid "Choose IPv6 Networking" +msgstr "選擇 IPv6 網路" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4801 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-configure-network-interface-ipv6' " +"md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4806 +msgid "" +"IPv6 also has two methods of configuration. StateLess " +"Address AutoConfiguration (SLAAC) will automatically " +"request the correct configuration information from a local router. Refer to " +"http://tools.ietf." +"org/html/rfc4862 for more information. Static configuration requires " +"manual entry of network information." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4814 +msgid "" +"If an IPv6 router is available, select " +"[ Yes ] in the next menu to automatically configure " +"the network interface. The installer will appear to pause for a minute or so " +"as it finds the router and obtains the addressing information for the system." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4821 +msgid "Choose IPv6 SLAAC Configuration" +msgstr "選擇 IPv6 SLAAC 設定" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4825 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-configure-network-interface-slaac' " +"md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4830 +msgid "" +"If an IPv6 router is not available, select " +"[ No ] and input the following addressing information " +"in this menu:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4835 +msgid "IPv6 Static Configuration" +msgstr "IPv6 靜態位置設定" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4839 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-configure-network-interface-ipv6-static' " +"md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:4846 +msgid "" +"IPv6 Address - The IPv6 address " +"assigned to this computer. The address must be unique and not already in use " +"by another piece of equipment on the local network." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:4853 +msgid "" +"Default Router - The IPv6 address of " +"the network's default gateway." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4859 +msgid "" +"The last network configuration menu is used to configure the Domain Name " +"System (DNS) resolver, which converts hostnames to and " +"from network addresses. If DHCP or SLAAC was used to autoconfigure the network interface, the " +"Resolver Configuration values may already be filled in. " +"Otherwise, enter the local network's domain name in the Search field. DNS #1 and DNS #2 are " +"the IPv4 and/or IPv6 addresses of the " +"DNS servers. At least one DNS server " +"is required." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4873 +msgid "DNS Configuration" +msgstr "DNS 設定" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4877 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-configure-network-ipv4-dns' " +"md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:4884 +msgid "Setting the Time Zone" +msgstr "設定時區" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4886 +msgid "" +"The next menu asks if the system clock uses UTC or local " +"time. When in doubt, select [ No ] to choose the more " +"commonly-used local time." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4892 +msgid "Select Local or UTC Clock" +msgstr "選擇本地或 UTC 時鐘" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4896 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-set-clock-local-utc' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4901 +msgid "" +"The next series of menus are used to determine the correct local time by " +"selecting the geographic region, country, and time zone. Setting the time " +"zone allows the system to automatically correct for regional time changes, " +"such as daylight savings time, and perform other time zone related functions " +"properly." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4908 +msgid "" +"The example shown here is for a machine located in the Eastern time zone of " +"the United States. The selections will vary according to the geographical " +"location." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4913 +msgid "Select a Region" +msgstr "選擇區域" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4917 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-timezone-region' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4922 +msgid "" +"The appropriate region is selected using the arrow keys and then pressing " +"Enter." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4926 +msgid "Select a Country" +msgstr "選擇城市" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4930 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-timezone-country' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4935 +msgid "" +"Select the appropriate country using the arrow keys and press Enter." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4939 +msgid "Select a Time Zone" +msgstr "選擇時區" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4943 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-timezone-zone' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4948 +msgid "" +"The appropriate time zone is selected using the arrow keys and pressing " +"Enter." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4952 +msgid "Confirm Time Zone" +msgstr "確認時區" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4956 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-timezone-confirm' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4961 +msgid "" +"Confirm the abbreviation for the time zone is correct. If it is, press " +"Enter to continue with the post-installation configuration." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:4967 +msgid "Enabling Services" +msgstr "開啟服務" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4969 +msgid "" +"The next menu is used to configure which system services will be started " +"whenever the system boots. All of these services are optional. Only start " +"the services that are needed for the system to function." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:4975 +msgid "Selecting Additional Services to Enable" +msgstr "選擇要開啟的其他服務" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:4979 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-config-services' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:4984 +msgid "Here is a summary of the services which can be enabled in this menu:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:4989 +msgid "" +"sshd - The Secure Shell (SSH) daemon " +"is used to remotely access a system over an encrypted connection. Only " +"enable this service if the system should be available for remote logins." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:4997 +msgid "" +"moused - Enable this service if the mouse will be used " +"from the command-line system console." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5003 +msgid "" +"ntpd - The Network Time Protocol (NTP) " +"daemon for automatic clock synchronization. Enable this service if there is " +"a Windows, Kerberos, or " +"LDAP server on the network." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5011 +msgid "" +"powerd - System power control utility for power control " +"and energy saving." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:5018 book.translate.xml:5026 +msgid "Enabling Crash Dumps" +msgstr "開啟 Crash Dumps" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5020 +msgid "" +"The next menu is used to configure whether or not crash dumps should be " +"enabled. Enabling crash dumps can be useful in debugging issues with the " +"system, so users are encouraged to enable crash dumps." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:5030 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-config-crashdump' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:5037 +msgid "Add Users" +msgstr "新增使用者" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5039 +msgid "" +"The next menu prompts to create at least one user account. It is recommended " +"to login to the system using a user account rather than as root. When logged in as root, there are essentially no limits or " +"protection on what can be done. Logging in as a normal user is safer and " +"more secure." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5046 +msgid "Select [ Yes ] to add new users." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:5050 +msgid "Add User Accounts" +msgstr "新增使用者帳號" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:5054 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-adduser1' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5059 +msgid "" +"Follow the prompts and input the requested information for the user account. " +"The example shown in creates the " +"asample user account." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:5063 +msgid "Enter User Information" +msgstr "輸入使用者資訊" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:5067 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-adduser2' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5072 +msgid "Here is a summary of the information to input:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5076 +msgid "" +"Username - The name the user will enter to log in. A " +"common convention is to use the first letter of the first name combined with " +"the last name, as long as each username is unique for the system. The " +"username is case sensitive and should not contain any spaces." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5085 +msgid "" +"Full name - The user's full name. This can contain spaces " +"and is used as a description for the user account." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5091 +msgid "" +"Uid - User ID. Typically, this is left " +"blank so the system will assign a value." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5097 +msgid "" +"Login group - The user's group. Typically this is left " +"blank to accept the default." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5102 +msgid "" +"Invite user into other groups? " +"- Additional groups to which the user will be added as a member. If the user " +"needs administrative access, type wheel here." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5110 +msgid "Login class - Typically left blank for the default." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5115 +msgid "" +"Shell - Type in one of the listed values to set the " +"interactive shell for the user. Refer to for more " +"information about shells." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5122 +msgid "" +"Home directory - The user's home directory. The default " +"is usually correct." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5127 +msgid "" +"Home directory permissions - Permissions on the user's " +"home directory. The default is usually correct." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5133 +msgid "" +"Use password-based authentication? - Typically " +"yes so that the user is prompted to input their password " +"at login." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5139 +msgid "" +"Use an empty password? - Typically no " +"as it is insecure to have a blank password." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5145 +msgid "" +"Use a random password? - Typically no " +"so that the user can set their own password in the next prompt." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5151 +msgid "" +"Enter password - The password for this user. Characters " +"typed will not show on the screen." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5157 +msgid "" +"Enter password again - The password must be typed again " +"for verification." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5162 +msgid "" +"Lock out the account after creation? - Typically " +"no so that the user can login." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5168 +msgid "" +"After entering everything, a summary is shown for review. If a mistake was " +"made, enter no and try again. If everything is correct, " +"enter yes to create the new user." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:5174 +msgid "Exit User and Group Management" +msgstr "離開使用者與群組管理" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:5178 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-adduser3' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5183 +msgid "" +"If there are more users to add, answer the Add another user? question with yes. Enter no " +"to finish adding users and continue the installation." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5188 +msgid "" +"For more information on adding users and user management, see ." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:5193 book.translate.xml:5199 +msgid "Final Configuration" +msgstr "最後設定" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5195 +msgid "" +"After everything has been installed and configured, a final chance is " +"provided to modify settings." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:5203 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-finalconfiguration' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5208 +msgid "" +"Use this menu to make any changes or do any additional configuration before " +"completing the installation." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5213 +msgid "" +"Add User - Described in ." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5217 +msgid "" +"Root Password - Described in ." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5221 +msgid "" +"Hostname - Described in ." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5225 +msgid "" +"Network - Described in ." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5229 +msgid "" +"Services - Described in ." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5233 +msgid "" +"Time Zone - Described in ." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5237 +msgid "" +"Handbook - Download and install the FreeBSD Handbook." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5242 +msgid "" +"After any final configuration is complete, select Exit." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:5246 book.translate.xml:11366 +msgid "Manual Configuration" +msgstr "手動設定" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:5250 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "" +"external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-final-modification-shell' " +"md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5255 +msgid "" +"bsdinstall will prompt if there are any " +"additional configuration that needs to be done before rebooting into the new " +"system. Select [ Yes ] to exit to a shell within the " +"new system or [ No ] to proceed to the last step of " +"the installation." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: figure/title +#: book.translate.xml:5264 +msgid "Complete the Installation" +msgstr "完成安裝" + +#. (itstool) path: imageobject/imagedata +#. This is a reference to an external file such as an image or video. When +#. the file changes, the md5 hash will change to let you know you need to +#. update your localized copy. The msgstr is not used at all. Set it to +#. whatever you like once you have updated your copy of the file. +#: book.translate.xml:5268 +msgctxt "_" +msgid "external ref='bsdinstall/bsdinstall-mainexit' md5='__failed__'" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5273 +msgid "" +"If further configuration or special setup is needed, select " +"[ Live CD ] to boot the install media into Live " +"CD mode." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5278 +msgid "" +"If the installation is complete, select [ Reboot ] to " +"reboot the computer and start the new FreeBSD system. Do not forget to " +"remove the FreeBSD install media or the computer may boot from it again." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5284 +msgid "" +"As FreeBSD boots, informational messages are displayed. After the system " +"finishes booting, a login prompt is displayed. At the login: prompt, enter the username added during the installation. Avoid " +"logging in as root. Refer to " +" for instructions on how to become the " +"superuser when administrative access is needed." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5293 +msgid "" +"The messages that appeared during boot can be reviewed by pressing " +"Scroll-Lock to turn on the scroll-back buffer. The " +"PgUp, PgDn, and arrow keys can be used to " +"scroll back through the messages. When finished, press Scroll-Lock again to unlock the display and return to the console. To review " +"these messages once the system has been up for some time, type " +"less /var/run/dmesg.boot from a command prompt. Press " +"q to return to the command line after viewing." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5305 +msgid "" +"If sshd was enabled in , the first boot may be a bit slower as the system will " +"generate the RSA and DSA keys. " +"Subsequent boots will be faster. The fingerprints of the keys will be " +"displayed, as seen in this example:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/screen +#: book.translate.xml:5311 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"Generating public/private rsa1 key pair.\n" +"Your identification has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key.\n" +"Your public key has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key.pub.\n" +"The key fingerprint is:\n" +"10:a0:f5:af:93:ae:a3:1a:b2:bb:3c:35:d9:5a:b3:f3 root@machine3.example.com\n" +"The key's randomart image is:\n" +"+--[RSA1 1024]----+\n" +"| o.. |\n" +"| o . . |\n" +"| . o |\n" +"| o |\n" +"| o S |\n" +"| + + o |\n" +"|o . + * |\n" +"|o+ ..+ . |\n" +"|==o..o+E |\n" +"+-----------------+\n" +"Generating public/private dsa key pair.\n" +"Your identification has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key.\n" +"Your public key has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key.pub.\n" +"The key fingerprint is:\n" +"7e:1c:ce:dc:8a:3a:18:13:5b:34:b5:cf:d9:d1:47:b2 root@machine3.example.com\n" +"The key's randomart image is:\n" +"+--[ DSA 1024]----+\n" +"| .. . .|\n" +"| o . . + |\n" +"| . .. . E .|\n" +"| . . o o . . |\n" +"| + S = . |\n" +"| + . = o |\n" +"| + . * . |\n" +"| . . o . |\n" +"| .o. . |\n" +"+-----------------+\n" +"Starting sshd." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5347 +msgid "" +"Refer to for more information about fingerprints " +"and SSH." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5350 +msgid "" +"FreeBSD does not install a graphical environment by default. Refer to for more information about installing and configuring a " +"graphical window manager." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5354 +msgid "" +"Proper shutdown of a FreeBSD computer helps protect data and hardware from " +"damage. Do not turn off the power before the system has been " +"properly shut down! If the user is a member of the wheel group, become the superuser by typing " +"su at the command line and entering the root password. Then, type shutdown -p " +"now and the system will shut down cleanly, and if the hardware " +"supports it, turn itself off." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/title +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#. (itstool) path: sect3/title +#: book.translate.xml:5367 book.translate.xml:12308 book.translate.xml:15064 +#: book.translate.xml:20212 book.translate.xml:35340 book.translate.xml:36110 +#: book.translate.xml:47782 book.translate.xml:51028 book.translate.xml:62116 +#: book.translate.xml:63771 book.translate.xml:64494 +msgid "Troubleshooting" +msgstr "疑難排解" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:5369 +msgid "installation troubleshooting" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:5373 +msgid "" +"This section covers basic installation troubleshooting, such as common " +"problems people have reported." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:5377 +msgid "" +"Check the Hardware Notes (http://www.freebsd.org/releases/index.html) document for " +"the version of FreeBSD to make sure the hardware is supported. If the " +"hardware is supported and lock-ups or other problems occur, build a custom " +"kernel using the instructions in to add " +"support for devices which are not present in the GENERIC kernel. The default kernel assumes that most hardware devices are " +"in their factory default configuration in terms of IRQs, " +"I/O addresses, and DMA channels. If " +"the hardware has been reconfigured, a custom kernel configuration file can " +"tell FreeBSD where to find things." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: note/para +#: book.translate.xml:5391 +msgid "" +"Some installation problems can be avoided or alleviated by updating the " +"firmware on various hardware components, most notably the motherboard. " +"Motherboard firmware is usually referred to as the BIOS. " +"Most motherboard and computer manufacturers have a website for upgrades and " +"upgrade information." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: note/para +#: book.translate.xml:5398 +msgid "" +"Manufacturers generally advise against upgrading the motherboard " +"BIOS unless there is a good reason for doing so, like a " +"critical update. The upgrade process can go wrong, " +"leaving the BIOS incomplete and the computer inoperative." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:5406 +msgid "" +"If the system hangs while probing hardware during boot, or it behaves " +"strangely during install, ACPI may be the culprit. " +"FreeBSD makes extensive use of the system ACPI service on " +"the i386, amd64, and ia64 platforms to aid in system configuration if it is " +"detected during boot. Unfortunately, some bugs still exist in both the " +"ACPI driver and within system motherboards and " +"BIOS firmware. ACPI can be disabled by " +"setting the hint.acpi.0.disabled hint in the third stage " +"boot loader:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/screen +#: book.translate.xml:5418 +#, no-wrap +msgid "set hint.acpi.0.disabled=\"1\"" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:5420 +msgid "" +"This is reset each time the system is booted, so it is necessary to add " +"hint.acpi.0.disabled=\"1\" to the file /boot/" +"loader.conf. More information about the boot loader can be found " +"in ." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/title +#: book.translate.xml:5427 +msgid "Using the Live CD" +msgstr "使用 Live CD" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:5429 +msgid "" +"The welcome menu of bsdinstall, shown in , provides a [ Live CD ] option. This is useful for those who are still wondering whether " +"FreeBSD is the right operating system for them and want to test some of the " +"features before installing." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:5436 +msgid "" +"The following points should be noted before using the " +"[ Live CD ]:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5441 +msgid "" +"To gain access to the system, authentication is required. The username is " +"root and the password is blank." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5447 +msgid "" +"As the system runs directly from the installation media, performance will be " +"significantly slower than that of a system installed on a hard disk." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5453 +msgid "" +"This option only provides a command prompt and not a graphical interface." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: chapter/title +#: book.translate.xml:5478 +msgid "UNIX Basics" +msgstr "UNIX 基礎概念" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:5483 +msgid "" +"This chapter covers the basic commands and functionality of the FreeBSD " +"operating system. Much of this material is relevant for any UNIX-like operating system. New FreeBSD users are " +"encouraged to read through this chapter carefully." +msgstr "" +"接下來的這一章將涵蓋 FreeBSD 作業系統的基本指令及功能。 大部份的內容在 " +"UNIX-like 作業系統中都是相通的。 " +"如果您對這些內容熟悉的話，可以放心的跳過。 如果您剛接觸 FreeBSD，那您一定要仔" +"細的讀完這章。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5492 +msgid "How to use and configure virtual consoles." +msgstr "如何使用 FreeBSD 的虛擬 Console。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5496 +msgid "How to create and manage users and groups on FreeBSD." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5501 +msgid "" +"How UNIX file permissions and " +"FreeBSD file flags work." +msgstr "" +"UNIX 檔案權限以及 FreeBSD 檔案標" +"記的運作方式。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5506 +msgid "The default FreeBSD file system layout." +msgstr "預設的 FreeBSD 檔案系統配置。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5510 +msgid "The FreeBSD disk organization." +msgstr "FreeBSD 的磁碟組織。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5514 +msgid "How to mount and unmount file systems." +msgstr "如何掛載(mount)、卸載(umount)檔案系統。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5518 +msgid "What processes, daemons, and signals are." +msgstr "什麼是程序、Daemon 以及 Signal。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5522 +msgid "What a shell is, and how to change the default login environment." +msgstr "什麼是 Shell，以及如何變更您預設的登入環境。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5527 +msgid "How to use basic text editors." +msgstr "如何使用基本的文字編輯器。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5531 +msgid "What devices and device nodes are." +msgstr "什麼是 Devices 和 Device node 。" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5535 +msgid "How to read manual pages for more information." +msgstr "如何閱讀操作手冊以獲得更多的資訊。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/title +#: book.translate.xml:5541 +msgid "Virtual Consoles and Terminals" +msgstr "虛擬 Console 與終端機" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:5543 +msgid "virtual consoles" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:5546 book.translate.xml:47064 +msgid "terminals" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/indexterm +#. (itstool) path: sect3/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:5549 book.translate.xml:23194 +msgid "console" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:5553 +msgid "" +"Unless FreeBSD has been configured to automatically start a graphical " +"environment during startup, the system will boot into a command line login " +"prompt, as seen in this example:" +msgstr "" +"如果您沒有將 FreeBSD 設定成開機時自動進入圖形化模式，系統會進入指令登入提示像" +"是這樣的東西：" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/screen +#: book.translate.xml:5558 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"FreeBSD/amd64 (pc3.example.org) (ttyv0)\n" +"\n" +"login:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:5562 +msgid "" +"The first line contains some information about the system. The " +"amd64 indicates that the system in this example is " +"running a 64-bit version of FreeBSD. The hostname is pc3.example." +"org, and ttyv0 indicates that this is the " +"system console. The second line is the login prompt." +msgstr "" +"第一行包含了剛開機完系統的資訊，amd64 代表此範例所使用的系" +"統是執行 64-位元版本的 FreeBSD，這台主機的名稱是 pc3.example." +"org，ttyv0 代表這是個 系統 Console。第二行則是登人的提示訊息。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:5570 +msgid "" +"Since FreeBSD is a multiuser system, it needs some way to distinguish " +"between different users. This is accomplished by requiring every user to log " +"into the system before gaining access to the programs on the system. Every " +"user has a unique name username and a personal " +"password." +msgstr "" +"FreeBSD 是一個多使用者的系統，需要一套可以分辨不同使用者的方法。因此所有的使" +"用者在執行程式之前必須先“登入”系統以取得系統內程式的存取權限。每個使用者都有" +"一組獨特的帳號名稱 (username) 及個人密碼 (password)。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:5577 +msgid "" +"To log into the system console, type the username that was configured during " +"system installation, as described in , and press Enter. Then enter the password associated with " +"the username and press Enter. The password is not " +"echoed for security reasons." +msgstr "" +"要登入系統 Console 需輸入在系統安裝時設定的使用者名稱，請參考 ，並按下 Enter。 接著輸入該使用者名" +"稱的密碼按下 Enter。 輸入的密碼為了安全起見不會顯" +"示在畫面上。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:5585 +msgid "" +"Once the correct password is input, the message of the day (MOTD) will be displayed followed by a command prompt. Depending upon the " +"shell that was selected when the user was created, this prompt will be a " +"#, $, or % " +"character. The prompt indicates that the user is now logged into the FreeBSD " +"system console and ready to try the available commands." +msgstr "" +"如果您輸入了正確的密碼，您應該會看到今日訊息 (Message of the day, " +"MOTD)，後面接著顯示指令提示字元，依使用者建立時所選擇的 " +"Shell 會有不同的提示字元可能為 #, $ 或" +"者 %。 看到指令提示代表使用者現在已經登入 FreeBSD 系統 " +"Console 且已經準備好可以下指令。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:5595 +msgid "Virtual Consoles" +msgstr "虛擬 Console" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5597 +msgid "" +"While the system console can be used to interact with the system, a user " +"working from the command line at the keyboard of a FreeBSD system will " +"typically instead log into a virtual console. This is because system " +"messages are configured by default to display on the system console. These " +"messages will appear over the command or file that the user is working on, " +"making it difficult to concentrate on the work at hand." +msgstr "" +"雖然系統 Console 已經可以用來與系統互動，但使用鍵盤來下指令使用 FreeBSD 系統" +"的使用者通常會使用虛擬 Console 登入。 因為系統訊息預設會顯示在系統 Console，" +"這些訊些會在使用者作業的過程中不斷出現，讓使用者難以專心作業。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5606 +msgid "" +"By default, FreeBSD is configured to provide several virtual consoles for " +"inputting commands. Each virtual console has its own login prompt and shell " +"and it is easy to switch between virtual consoles. This essentially provides " +"the command line equivalent of having several windows open at the same time " +"in a graphical environment." +msgstr "" +"FreeBSD 預設提供多個虛擬 Console 可輸入指令，每個虛擬 Console 都有自己的登入" +"提示及 Shell 並且可以輕易的在虛擬 Console 間切換。 這實際上讓指令輸入有了類似" +"於圖型化環境中可以同時開啟多個視窗的功能。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5613 +msgid "" +"The key combinations AltF1 through AltF8 have been reserved by FreeBSD for switching between virtual " +"consoles. Use AltF1 " +"to switch to the system console (ttyv0), " +"AltF2 to access the " +"first virtual console (ttyv1), AltF3 to access the second virtual console " +"(ttyv2), and so on." +msgstr "" +"組合鍵 AltF1 至 " +"AltF8 被 FreeBSD 保留" +"用來切換虛擬 Console，使用 AltF1 可切換至系統 Console (ttyv0)，" +"AltF2 可存取第一個虛" +"擬 Console (ttyv1)，AltF3 可存取第二個虛擬 Console " +"(ttyv2)，以此類推。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5629 +msgid "" +"When switching from one console to the next, FreeBSD manages the screen " +"output. The result is an illusion of having multiple virtual screens and " +"keyboards that can be used to type commands for FreeBSD to run. The programs " +"that are launched in one virtual console do not stop running when the user " +"switches to a different virtual console." +msgstr "" +"當您從一個 Console 切換到下一個的時候，FreeBSD 會切換畫面顯示的內容， 這就好" +"像有很多虛擬的螢幕和鍵盤可以讓您輸入指令到 FreeBSD 執行。 在某一個虛擬 " +"Console 上執行的程式並不會因為使用者切到別的 Console 而停止執行。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5636 +msgid "" +"Refer to kbdcontrol1, " +"vidcontrol1, atkbd4, " +"syscons4, and vt4 for a more technical " +"description of the FreeBSD console and its keyboard drivers." +msgstr "" +"請參考 kbdcontrol1, vidcontrol1, " +"atkbd4, syscons4 以及 " +"vt4 來取得更多有關 FreeBSD Console 及鍵盤驅動程式的技術說明。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5641 +msgid "" +"In FreeBSD, the number of available virtual consoles is configured in this " +"section of /etc/ttys:" +msgstr "" +"FreeBSD 中虛擬 Console 的數量設定在 /etc/ttys 檔案中的下" +"列章節:" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/programlisting +#: book.translate.xml:5645 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"# name getty type status comments\n" +"#\n" +"ttyv0 \"/usr/libexec/getty Pc\" xterm on secure\n" +"# Virtual terminals\n" +"ttyv1 \"/usr/libexec/getty Pc\" xterm on secure\n" +"ttyv2 \"/usr/libexec/getty Pc\" xterm on secure\n" +"ttyv3 \"/usr/libexec/getty Pc\" xterm on secure\n" +"ttyv4 \"/usr/libexec/getty Pc\" xterm on secure\n" +"ttyv5 \"/usr/libexec/getty Pc\" xterm on secure\n" +"ttyv6 \"/usr/libexec/getty Pc\" xterm on secure\n" +"ttyv7 \"/usr/libexec/getty Pc\" xterm on secure\n" +"ttyv8 \"/usr/X11R6/bin/xdm -nodaemon\" xterm off secure" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5659 +msgid "" +"To disable a virtual console, put a comment symbol (#) at " +"the beginning of the line representing that virtual console. For example, to " +"reduce the number of available virtual consoles from eight to four, put a " +"# in front of the last four lines representing virtual " +"consoles ttyv5 through ttyv8. " +"Do not comment out the line for the system console " +"ttyv0. Note that the last virtual console " +"(ttyv8) is used to access the graphical environment if " +"Xorg has been installed and configured as " +"described in ." +msgstr "" +"要關閉虛擬 Console 只要在指定的虛擬 Console 該行設定的一開始加上註解符號 " +"(#)。 例如要將虛擬 Console 的數量由 8 個改為 4 個，則可將 " +"# 加在代表虛擬 Console 的 ttyv5 到 " +"ttyv8 的最後四行一開始。 請勿將系" +"統 Console ttyv0 加上註解符號。 注意，若有依照 安裝並設定 Xorg 時，會用到最後一" +"個虛擬 Console (ttyv8)。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5673 +msgid "" +"For a detailed description of every column in this file and the available " +"options for the virtual consoles, refer to " +"ttys5." +msgstr "" +"有關各欄位的設定以及其他選項，請參閱 ttys5 說明。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:5679 +msgid "Single User Mode" +msgstr "單使用者模式" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5681 +msgid "" +"The FreeBSD boot menu provides an option labelled as Boot Single " +"User. If this option is selected, the system will boot into a " +"special mode known as single user mode. This mode is " +"typically used to repair a system that will not boot or to reset the " +"root password when it is not " +"known. While in single user mode, networking and other virtual consoles are " +"not available. However, full root access to the system is available, and by default, the " +"root password is not needed. For " +"these reasons, physical access to the keyboard is needed to boot into this " +"mode and determining who has physical access to the keyboard is something to " +"consider when securing a FreeBSD system." +msgstr "" +"FreeBSD 開機選單會提供一個選項為 Boot Single User，若選擇該項" +"目，系統將會進入所謂 單使用者模式 的特殊模式。 此模式通常用在" +"修復系統無法開機或重設已忘掉的 root 密碼。 在當使用者模式中無法使用網路及其他虛擬 Console，但有完整 " +"root 對系統的存取權限，而且預設是" +"不須要輸入 root 密碼。 也因此，要" +"能透過實體鍵盤操作才能進入此模式，在考量 FreeBSD 系統安全時須要限制可操作實體" +"鍵盤的人員。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5697 +msgid "" +"The settings which control single user mode are found in this section of " +"/etc/ttys:" +msgstr "" +"有關單使用者模式的設定可在 /etc/ttys 中的以下章節中找到:" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/programlisting +#: book.translate.xml:5700 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"# name getty type status comments\n" +"#\n" +"# If console is marked \"insecure\", then init will ask for the root password\n" +"# when going to single-user mode.\n" +"console none unknown off secure" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5706 +msgid "" +"By default, the status is set to secure. This assumes " +"that who has physical access to the keyboard is either not important or it " +"is controlled by a physical security policy. If this setting is changed to " +"insecure, the assumption is that the environment itself " +"is insecure because anyone can access the keyboard. When this line is " +"changed to insecure, FreeBSD will prompt for the " +"root password when a user " +"selects to boot into single user mode." +msgstr "" +"預設狀態為安全 (secure)，這代表誰能夠操作實體鍵盤不是不重" +"要就是已受到實體安全規範管制。 若設定更該為不安全(insecure) 則代表主機所在的環境不安全，因為任何人皆可接觸鍵盤。 當此行設定更改" +"為不安全 (insecure) 時，當使用擇選擇單使用者模式時，" +"FreeBSD 將會要求輸入 root 的密" +"碼。" + +#. (itstool) path: note/para +#: book.translate.xml:5718 +msgid "" +"Be careful when changing this setting to insecure! If the root " +"password is forgotten, booting into single user mode is still possible, but " +"may be difficult for someone who is not familiar with the FreeBSD booting " +"process." +msgstr "" +"請審慎考慮是否要改為 insecure！ 因為" +"萬一忘記 root 密碼的話，雖然還是" +"有其他辦法可以登入單使用者模式，只是對不熟 FreeBSD 開機程序的人可就麻煩了。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:5728 +msgid "Changing Console Video Modes" +msgstr "更改 Console 影像模式" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5730 +msgid "" +"The FreeBSD console default video mode may be adjusted to 1024x768, " +"1280x1024, or any other size supported by the graphics chip and monitor. To " +"use a different video mode load the VESA module:" +msgstr "" +"FreeBSD Console 預設顯示大小可以調整為 1024x768、1280x1024 或其他顯示卡與螢幕" +"有支援的解析度大小。 要使用不同的影像模式需載入 VESA 模" +"組：" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/screen +#: book.translate.xml:5735 +#, no-wrap +msgid "# kldload vesa" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5737 +msgid "" +"To determine which video modes are supported by the hardware, use " +"vidcontrol1. To get a list of supported video modes issue the " +"following:" +msgstr "" +"要偵測硬體支援的影像模式，可使用 vidcontrol1。 要取得支援的影像模式" +"清單可輸入以下指令：" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/screen +#: book.translate.xml:5741 +#, no-wrap +msgid "# vidcontrol -i mode" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5743 +msgid "" +"The output of this command lists the video modes that are supported by the " +"hardware. To select a new video mode, specify the mode using " +"vidcontrol1 as the root user:" +msgstr "" +"該指令會顯示硬體所支援的影像模式清單，要採用新的影像模式需以 root 使用者執行 " +"vidcontrol1 指令：" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/screen +#: book.translate.xml:5748 +#, no-wrap +msgid "# vidcontrol MODE_279" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5750 +msgid "" +"If the new video mode is acceptable, it can be permanently set on boot by " +"adding it to /etc/rc.conf:" +msgstr "" +"若可接受新的影像模式，可以在 /etc/rc.conf 加入設定，讓每" +"次重開機後會自動生效：" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/programlisting +#: book.translate.xml:5754 +#, no-wrap +msgid "allscreens_flags=\"MODE_279\"" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/title +#: book.translate.xml:5771 +msgid "Users and Basic Account Management" +msgstr "使用者與基礎帳號管理" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:5773 +msgid "" +"FreeBSD allows multiple users to use the computer at the same time. While " +"only one user can sit in front of the screen and use the keyboard at any one " +"time, any number of users can log in to the system through the network. To " +"use the system, each user should have their own user account." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:5779 +msgid "This chapter describes:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5783 +msgid "The different types of user accounts on a FreeBSD system." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5788 +msgid "How to add, remove, and modify user accounts." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5792 +msgid "" +"How to set limits to control the resources that users and groups are allowed " +"to access." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5798 +msgid "How to create groups and add users as members of a group." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:5804 +msgid "Account Types" +msgstr "帳號類型" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5806 +msgid "" +"Since all access to the FreeBSD system is achieved using accounts and all " +"processes are run by users, user and account management is important." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:5810 +msgid "" +"There are three main types of accounts: system accounts, user accounts, and " +"the superuser account." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/title +#: book.translate.xml:5814 +msgid "System Accounts" +msgstr "系統帳號" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:5816 +msgid "accounts system" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:5821 +msgid "" +"System accounts are used to run services such as DNS, mail, and web servers. " +"The reason for this is security; if all services ran as the superuser, they " +"could act without restriction." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:5826 +msgid "" +"accounts daemon" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:5830 +msgid "" +"accounts operator" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:5835 +msgid "" +"Examples of system accounts are daemon, operator, " +"bind, news, and www." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:5842 +msgid "" +"accounts nobody" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:5847 +msgid "" +"nobody is the generic " +"unprivileged system account. However, the more services that use nobody, the more files and processes that " +"user will become associated with, and hence the more privileged that user " +"becomes." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/title +#: book.translate.xml:5856 +msgid "User Accounts" +msgstr "使用者帳號" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:5858 +msgid "accounts user" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:5863 +msgid "" +"User accounts are assigned to real people and are used to log in and use the " +"system. Every person accessing the system should have a unique user account. " +"This allows the administrator to find out who is doing what and prevents " +"users from clobbering the settings of other users." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:5869 +msgid "" +"Each user can set up their own environment to accommodate their use of the " +"system, by configuring their default shell, editor, key bindings, and " +"language settings." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:5874 +msgid "" +"Every user account on a FreeBSD system has certain information associated " +"with it:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:5879 +msgid "User name" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5882 +msgid "" +"The user name is typed at the login: prompt. Each user must " +"have a unique user name. There are a number of rules for creating valid user " +"names which are documented in passwd5. It is recommended to " +"use user names that consist of eight or fewer, all lower case characters in " +"order to maintain backwards compatibility with applications." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:5894 +msgid "Password" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5897 +msgid "Each account has an associated password." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:5902 +msgid "User ID (UID)" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5905 +msgid "" +"The User ID (UID) is a number used to uniquely identify " +"the user to the FreeBSD system. Commands that allow a user name to be " +"specified will first convert it to the UID. It is " +"recommended to use a UID less than 65535, since higher values may cause " +"compatibility issues with some software." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:5916 +msgid "Group ID (GID)" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5919 +msgid "" +"The Group ID (GID) is a number used to uniquely identify " +"the primary group that the user belongs to. Groups are a mechanism for " +"controlling access to resources based on a user's GID " +"rather than their UID. This can significantly reduce the " +"size of some configuration files and allows users to be members of more than " +"one group. It is recommended to use a GID of 65535 or lower as higher GIDs " +"may break some software." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:5933 +msgid "Login class" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5936 +msgid "" +"Login classes are an extension to the group mechanism that provide " +"additional flexibility when tailoring the system to different users. Login " +"classes are discussed further in ." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:5945 +msgid "Password change time" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5948 +msgid "" +"By default, passwords do not expire. However, password expiration can be " +"enabled on a per-user basis, forcing some or all users to change their " +"passwords after a certain amount of time has elapsed." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:5957 +msgid "Account expiration time" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5960 +msgid "" +"By default, FreeBSD does not expire accounts. When creating accounts that " +"need a limited lifespan, such as student accounts in a school, specify the " +"account expiry date using pw8. After the expiry time " +"has elapsed, the account cannot be used to log in to the system, although " +"the account's directories and files will remain." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:5971 +msgid "User's full name" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5974 +msgid "" +"The user name uniquely identifies the account to FreeBSD, but does not " +"necessarily reflect the user's real name. Similar to a comment, this " +"information can contain spaces, uppercase characters, and be more than 8 " +"characters long." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:5983 +msgid "Home directory" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:5986 +msgid "" +"The home directory is the full path to a directory on the system. This is " +"the user's starting directory when the user logs in. A common convention is " +"to put all user home directories under /home/" +"username or /usr/home/" +"username. Each user stores their personal files and " +"subdirectories in their own home directory." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term +#: book.translate.xml:5997 +msgid "User shell" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: listitem/para +#: book.translate.xml:6000 +msgid "" +"The shell provides the user's default environment for interacting with the " +"system. There are many different kinds of shells and experienced users will " +"have their own preferences, which can be reflected in their account settings." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/title +#: book.translate.xml:6011 +msgid "The Superuser Account" +msgstr "超級使用者帳號" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:6013 +msgid "accounts superuser (root)" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:6018 +msgid "" +"The superuser account, usually called root, is used to manage the system with no limitations on privileges. " +"For this reason, it should not be used for day-to-day tasks like sending and " +"receiving mail, general exploration of the system, or programming." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:6025 +msgid "" +"The superuser, unlike other user accounts, can operate without limits, and " +"misuse of the superuser account may result in spectacular disasters. User " +"accounts are unable to destroy the operating system by mistake, so it is " +"recommended to login as a user account and to only become the superuser when " +"a command requires extra privilege." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:6033 +msgid "" +"Always double and triple-check any commands issued as the superuser, since " +"an extra space or missing character can mean irreparable data loss." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:6037 +msgid "" +"There are several ways to gain superuser privilege. While one can log in as " +"root, this is highly discouraged." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:6042 +msgid "" +"Instead, use su1 to become the superuser. If - " +"is specified when running this command, the user will also inherit the root " +"user's environment. The user running this command must be in the wheel group or else the command will fail. " +"The user must also know the password for the root user account." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:6052 +msgid "" +"In this example, the user only becomes superuser in order to run " +"make install as this step requires superuser privilege. " +"Once the command completes, the user types exit to leave " +"the superuser account and return to the privilege of their user account." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: example/title +#: book.translate.xml:6060 +msgid "Install a Program As the Superuser" +msgstr "以超級使用者的身份安裝程式" + +#. (itstool) path: example/screen +#: book.translate.xml:6062 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"% configure\n" +"% make\n" +"% su -\n" +"Password:\n" +"# make install\n" +"# exit\n" +"%" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:6071 +msgid "" +"The built-in su1 framework works well for single systems or small " +"networks with just one system administrator. An alternative is to install " +"the security/sudo package or port. This software provides " +"activity logging and allows the administrator to configure which users can " +"run which commands as the superuser." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:6082 +msgid "Managing Accounts" +msgstr "管理帳號" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:6084 +msgid "accounts modifying" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6089 +msgid "" +"FreeBSD provides a variety of different commands to manage user accounts. " +"The most common commands are summarized in , followed by some examples of their usage. See the manual page " +"for each utility for more details and usage examples." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: table/title +#: book.translate.xml:6096 +msgid "Utilities for Managing User Accounts" +msgstr "管理使用者帳號的工具" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6104 book.translate.xml:58355 book.translate.xml:61882 +msgid "Command" +msgstr "指令" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:6105 book.translate.xml:16965 book.translate.xml:17119 +msgid "Summary" +msgstr "摘要" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6110 +msgid "" +"adduser8" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6111 +msgid "The recommended command-line application for adding new users." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6116 +msgid "" +"rmuser8" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6117 +msgid "The recommended command-line application for removing users." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6122 +msgid "" +"chpass1" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6123 +msgid "A flexible tool for changing user database information." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6128 +msgid "" +"passwd1" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6129 +msgid "The command-line tool to change user passwords." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6134 +msgid "" +"pw8" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6135 +msgid "" +"A powerful and flexible tool for modifying all aspects of user accounts." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/title +#: book.translate.xml:6143 +msgid "adduser" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:6145 +msgid "accounts adding" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/indexterm +#. (itstool) path: sect4/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:6149 book.translate.xml:43126 +msgid "adduser" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:6152 +msgid "/usr/share/skel" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:6155 +msgid "skeleton directory" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:6159 +msgid "" +"The recommended program for adding new users is " +"adduser8. When a new user is added, this program " +"automatically updates /etc/passwd and /etc/" +"group. It also creates a home directory for the new user, copies " +"in the default configuration files from /usr/share/skel, and can optionally mail the new user a welcome message. This " +"utility must be run as the superuser." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:6169 +msgid "" +"The adduser8 utility is interactive and walks through the steps " +"for creating a new user account. As seen in , either input the required information or press Return to accept the default value shown in square brackets. In this " +"example, the user has been invited into the wheel group, allowing them to become the superuser with " +"su1. When finished, the utility will prompt to either create " +"another user or to exit." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: example/title +#: book.translate.xml:6181 +msgid "Adding a User on FreeBSD" +msgstr "在 FreeBSD 新增使用者" + +#. (itstool) path: example/screen +#: book.translate.xml:6183 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"# adduser\n" +"Username: jru\n" +"Full name: J. Random User\n" +"Uid (Leave empty for default):\n" +"Login group [jru]:\n" +"Login group is jru. Invite jru into other groups? []: wheel\n" +"Login class [default]:\n" +"Shell (sh csh tcsh zsh nologin) [sh]: zsh\n" +"Home directory [/home/jru]:\n" +"Home directory permissions (Leave empty for default):\n" +"Use password-based authentication? [yes]:\n" +"Use an empty password? (yes/no) [no]:\n" +"Use a random password? (yes/no) [no]:\n" +"Enter password:\n" +"Enter password again:\n" +"Lock out the account after creation? [no]:\n" +"Username : jru\n" +"Password : ****\n" +"Full Name : J. Random User\n" +"Uid : 1001\n" +"Class :\n" +"Groups : jru wheel\n" +"Home : /home/jru\n" +"Shell : /usr/local/bin/zsh\n" +"Locked : no\n" +"OK? (yes/no): yes\n" +"adduser: INFO: Successfully added (jru) to the user database.\n" +"Add another user? (yes/no): no\n" +"Goodbye!\n" +"#" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: note/para +#: book.translate.xml:6216 +msgid "" +"Since the password is not echoed when typed, be careful to not mistype the " +"password when creating the user account." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/title +#: book.translate.xml:6223 +msgid "rmuser" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:6225 +msgid "rmuser" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:6228 +msgid "accounts removing" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:6233 +msgid "" +"To completely remove a user from the system, run " +"rmuser8 as the superuser. This command performs the following steps:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: step/para +#: book.translate.xml:6239 +msgid "" +"Removes the user's crontab1 entry, if one exists." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: step/para +#: book.translate.xml:6244 +msgid "" +"Removes any at1 jobs belonging to the user." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: step/para +#: book.translate.xml:6249 +msgid "Kills all processes owned by the user." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: step/para +#: book.translate.xml:6253 +msgid "Removes the user from the system's local password file." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: step/para +#: book.translate.xml:6258 +msgid "" +"Optionally removes the user's home directory, if it is owned by the user." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: step/para +#: book.translate.xml:6263 +msgid "" +"Removes the incoming mail files belonging to the user from /var/" +"mail." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: step/para +#: book.translate.xml:6268 +msgid "" +"Removes all files owned by the user from temporary file storage areas such " +"as /tmp." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: step/para +#: book.translate.xml:6274 +msgid "" +"Finally, removes the username from all groups to which it belongs in " +"/etc/group. If a group becomes empty and the group name " +"is the same as the username, the group is removed. This complements the per-" +"user unique groups created by adduser8." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:6283 +msgid "" +"rmuser8 cannot be used to remove superuser accounts since that is " +"almost always an indication of massive destruction." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:6287 +msgid "" +"By default, an interactive mode is used, as shown in the following example." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: example/title +#: book.translate.xml:6291 +msgid "rmuser Interactive Account Removal" +msgstr "rmuser 互動式帳號移除" + +#. (itstool) path: example/screen +#: book.translate.xml:6294 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"# rmuser jru\n" +"Matching password entry:\n" +"jru:*:1001:1001::0:0:J. Random User:/home/jru:/usr/local/bin/zsh\n" +"Is this the entry you wish to remove? y\n" +"Remove user's home directory (/home/jru)? y\n" +"Removing user (jru): mailspool home passwd.\n" +"#" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/title +#: book.translate.xml:6305 +msgid "chpass" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:6307 +msgid "chpass" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:6311 +msgid "" +"Any user can use chpass1 to change their " +"default shell and personal information associated with their user account. " +"The superuser can use this utility to change additional account information " +"for any user." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:6316 +msgid "" +"When passed no options, aside from an optional username, " +"chpass1 displays an editor containing user information. When the user " +"exits from the editor, the user database is updated with the new information." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: note/para +#: book.translate.xml:6322 +msgid "" +"This utility will prompt for the user's password when exiting the editor, " +"unless the utility is run as the superuser." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:6327 +msgid "" +"In , the superuser has typed " +"chpass jru and is now viewing the fields that can be " +"changed for this user. If jru " +"runs this command instead, only the last six fields will be displayed and " +"available for editing. This is shown in ." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: example/title +#: book.translate.xml:6336 +msgid "Using chpass as Superuser" +msgstr "以超級使用者的身份使用 chpass" + +#. (itstool) path: example/screen +#: book.translate.xml:6339 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"#Changing user database information for jru.\n" +"Login: jru\n" +"Password: *\n" +"Uid [#]: 1001\n" +"Gid [# or name]: 1001\n" +"Change [month day year]:\n" +"Expire [month day year]:\n" +"Class:\n" +"Home directory: /home/jru\n" +"Shell: /usr/local/bin/zsh\n" +"Full Name: J. Random User\n" +"Office Location:\n" +"Office Phone:\n" +"Home Phone:\n" +"Other information:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: example/title +#: book.translate.xml:6357 +msgid "Using chpass as Regular User" +msgstr "以一般使用者的身份使用 chpass" + +#. (itstool) path: example/screen +#: book.translate.xml:6360 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"#Changing user database information for jru.\n" +"Shell: /usr/local/bin/zsh\n" +"Full Name: J. Random User\n" +"Office Location:\n" +"Office Phone:\n" +"Home Phone:\n" +"Other information:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: note/para +#: book.translate.xml:6370 +msgid "" +"The commands chfn1 and chsh1 are links to " +"chpass1, as are ypchpass1, " +"ypchfn1, and ypchsh1. Since NIS support is automatic, specifying the yp before " +"the command is not necessary. How to configure NIS is covered in ." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/title +#: book.translate.xml:6380 +msgid "passwd" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:6382 +msgid "passwd" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:6385 +msgid "accounts changing password" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:6390 +msgid "" +"Any user can easily change their password using " +"passwd1. To prevent accidental or unauthorized changes, this command " +"will prompt for the user's original password before a new password can be " +"set:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: example/title +#: book.translate.xml:6396 +msgid "Changing Your Password" +msgstr "更改您的密碼" + +#. (itstool) path: example/screen +#: book.translate.xml:6398 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"% passwd\n" +"Changing local password for jru.\n" +"Old password:\n" +"New password:\n" +"Retype new password:\n" +"passwd: updating the database...\n" +"passwd: done" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:6407 +msgid "" +"The superuser can change any user's password by specifying the username when " +"running passwd1. When this utility is run as the superuser, it " +"will not prompt for the user's current password. This allows the password to " +"be changed when a user cannot remember the original password." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: example/title +#: book.translate.xml:6415 +msgid "Changing Another User's Password as the Superuser" +msgstr "以超級使用者的身份更改其他使用者的密碼" + +#. (itstool) path: example/screen +#: book.translate.xml:6418 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"# passwd jru\n" +"Changing local password for jru.\n" +"New password:\n" +"Retype new password:\n" +"passwd: updating the database...\n" +"passwd: done" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: note/para +#: book.translate.xml:6427 +msgid "" +"As with chpass1, yppasswd1 is a link to " +"passwd1, so NIS works with either command." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/title +#: book.translate.xml:6434 +msgid "pw" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/indexterm +#. (itstool) path: sect4/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:6436 book.translate.xml:43149 +msgid "pw" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect3/para +#: book.translate.xml:6440 +msgid "" +"The pw8 utility can create, remove, modify, and display users and " +"groups. It functions as a front end to the system user and group files. " +"pw8 has a very powerful set of command line options that make it " +"suitable for use in shell scripts, but new users may find it more " +"complicated than the other commands presented in this section." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/title +#: book.translate.xml:6451 +msgid "Managing Groups" +msgstr "管理群組" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:6453 +msgid "groups" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:6456 +msgid "/etc/groups" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:6459 +msgid "accounts groups" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6464 +msgid "" +"A group is a list of users. A group is identified by its group name and " +"GID. In FreeBSD, the kernel uses the UID of a process, and the list of groups it belongs to, to determine " +"what the process is allowed to do. Most of the time, the GID of a user or process usually means the first group in the list." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6471 +msgid "" +"The group name to GID mapping is listed in /etc/" +"group. This is a plain text file with four colon-delimited " +"fields. The first field is the group name, the second is the encrypted " +"password, the third the GID, and the fourth the comma-" +"delimited list of members. For a more complete description of the syntax, " +"refer to group5." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6479 +msgid "" +"The superuser can modify /etc/group using a text " +"editor. Alternatively, pw8 can be used to add and " +"edit groups. For example, to add a group called teamtwo and then confirm that it exists:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: example/title +#: book.translate.xml:6486 +msgid "" +"Adding a Group Using pw8" +msgstr "" +"使用 pw8 新增群組" + +#. (itstool) path: example/screen +#: book.translate.xml:6488 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"# pw groupadd teamtwo\n" +"# pw groupshow teamtwo\n" +"teamtwo:*:1100:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6493 +msgid "" +"In this example, 1100 is the GID of " +"teamtwo. Right now, teamtwo has no members. This command will " +"add jru as a member of " +"teamtwo." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: example/title +#: book.translate.xml:6502 +msgid "" +"Adding User Accounts to a New Group Using pw8" +msgstr "" +"使用 pw8 加入使用者帳號到新的群組" + +#. (itstool) path: example/screen +#: book.translate.xml:6505 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"# pw groupmod teamtwo -M jru\n" +"# pw groupshow teamtwo\n" +"teamtwo:*:1100:jru" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6510 +msgid "" +"The argument to is a comma-delimited list of users to be " +"added to a new (empty) group or to replace the members of an existing group. " +"To the user, this group membership is different from (and in addition to) " +"the user's primary group listed in the password file. This means that the " +"user will not show up as a member when using with " +"pw8, but will show up when the information is queried via " +"id1 or a similar tool. When pw8 is used to add a user " +"to a group, it only manipulates /etc/group and does not " +"attempt to read additional data from /etc/passwd." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: example/title +#: book.translate.xml:6524 +msgid "" +"Adding a New Member to a Group Using pw8" +msgstr "" +"使用 pw8 加入新成員到群組" + +#. (itstool) path: example/screen +#: book.translate.xml:6526 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"# pw groupmod teamtwo -m db\n" +"# pw groupshow teamtwo\n" +"teamtwo:*:1100:jru,db" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6531 +msgid "" +"In this example, the argument to is a comma-delimited " +"list of users who are to be added to the group. Unlike the previous example, " +"these users are appended to the group and do not replace existing users in " +"the group." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: example/title +#: book.translate.xml:6538 +msgid "" +"Using id1 to Determine Group Membership" +msgstr "" +"使用 id1 來查看所屬群組" + +#. (itstool) path: example/screen +#: book.translate.xml:6540 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"% id jru\n" +"uid=1001(jru) gid=1001(jru) groups=1001(jru), 1100(teamtwo)" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6544 +msgid "" +"In this example, jru is a member " +"of the groups jru and " +"teamtwo." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6549 +msgid "" +"For more information about this command and the format of /etc/" +"group, refer to pw8 and " +"group5." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/title +#: book.translate.xml:6556 +msgid "Permissions" +msgstr "權限" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:6558 +msgid "UNIX" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:6562 +msgid "" +"In FreeBSD, every file and directory has an associated set of permissions " +"and several utilities are available for viewing and modifying these " +"permissions. Understanding how permissions work is necessary to make sure " +"that users are able to access the files that they need and are unable to " +"improperly access the files used by the operating system or owned by other " +"users." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:6570 +msgid "" +"This section discusses the traditional UNIX permissions used in FreeBSD. For finer grained file system access " +"control, refer to ." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:6574 +msgid "" +"In UNIX, basic permissions are " +"assigned using three types of access: read, write, and execute. These access " +"types are used to determine file access to the file's owner, group, and " +"others (everyone else). The read, write, and execute permissions can be " +"represented as the letters r, w, and " +"x. They can also be represented as binary numbers as each " +"permission is either on or off (0). When represented as a " +"number, the order is always read as rwx, where " +"r has an on value of 4, w has an on value of 2 and x " +"has an on value of 1." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:6589 +msgid "" +"Table 4.1 summarizes the possible numeric and alphabetic possibilities. When " +"reading the Directory Listing column, a - " +"is used to represent a permission that is set to off." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:6594 +msgid "permissions" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:6597 +msgid "file permissions" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: table/title +#: book.translate.xml:6602 +msgid "UNIX Permissions" +msgstr "UNIX 權限" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6607 +msgid "Value" +msgstr "數值" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6608 +msgid "Permission" +msgstr "權限" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6609 +msgid "Directory Listing" +msgstr "目錄標示" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6615 +msgid "0" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6616 +msgid "No read, no write, no execute" +msgstr "不可讀取, 不可寫入, 不可執行" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6617 +msgid "---" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6621 book.translate.xml:46762 book.translate.xml:46784 +#: book.translate.xml:46874 +msgid "1" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6622 +msgid "No read, no write, execute" +msgstr "不可讀取, 不可寫入, 可執行" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6623 +msgid "--x" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6627 book.translate.xml:46654 book.translate.xml:46664 +#: book.translate.xml:46736 book.translate.xml:46746 book.translate.xml:46826 +#: book.translate.xml:46828 +msgid "2" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6628 +msgid "No read, write, no execute" +msgstr "不可讀取, 可寫入, 不可執行" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6629 +msgid "-w-" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6633 book.translate.xml:46656 book.translate.xml:46662 +#: book.translate.xml:46738 book.translate.xml:46744 book.translate.xml:46834 +#: book.translate.xml:46836 +msgid "3" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6634 +msgid "No read, write, execute" +msgstr "不可讀取, 可寫入, 可執行" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6635 +msgid "-wx" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6639 book.translate.xml:46670 book.translate.xml:46680 +#: book.translate.xml:46752 book.translate.xml:46760 book.translate.xml:46778 +#: book.translate.xml:46786 book.translate.xml:46842 book.translate.xml:46850 +#: book.translate.xml:46892 +msgid "4" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6640 +msgid "Read, no write, no execute" +msgstr "可讀取, 不可寫入, 不可執行" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6641 +msgid "r--" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6645 book.translate.xml:46672 book.translate.xml:46678 +#: book.translate.xml:46768 book.translate.xml:46770 book.translate.xml:46858 +#: book.translate.xml:46884 +msgid "5" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6646 +msgid "Read, no write, execute" +msgstr "可讀取, 不可寫入, 可執行" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6647 +msgid "r-x" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6651 book.translate.xml:46688 book.translate.xml:46702 +#: book.translate.xml:46754 book.translate.xml:46776 book.translate.xml:46844 +#: book.translate.xml:46866 +msgid "6" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6652 +msgid "Read, write, no execute" +msgstr "可讀取, 可寫入, 不可執行" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6653 +msgid "rw-" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6657 book.translate.xml:46646 book.translate.xml:46648 +#: book.translate.xml:46792 book.translate.xml:46802 book.translate.xml:46860 +#: book.translate.xml:46882 +msgid "7" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6658 +msgid "Read, write, execute" +msgstr "可讀取, 可寫入, 可執行" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6659 +msgid "rwx" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:6665 +msgid "" +"ls1" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:6668 +msgid "directories" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:6672 +msgid "" +"Use the argument to ls1 to view a long " +"directory listing that includes a column of information about a file's " +"permissions for the owner, group, and everyone else. For example, a " +"ls -l in an arbitrary directory may show:" +msgstr "" +"使用 ls1 指令時，可以加上 參數， 來檢視" +"詳細的目錄清單。 清單中欄位的資訊包含檔案對所有者、群組及其他人的權限。 在任" +"一個目錄底下執行 ls -l，會顯示如下的結果:" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/screen +#: book.translate.xml:6678 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"% ls -l\n" +"total 530\n" +"-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 512 Sep 5 12:31 myfile\n" +"-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 512 Sep 5 12:31 otherfile\n" +"-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 7680 Sep 5 12:31 email.txt" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:6684 +msgid "" +"The first (leftmost) character in the first column indicates whether this " +"file is a regular file, a directory, a special character device, a socket, " +"or any other special pseudo-file device. In this example, the - indicates a regular file. The next three characters, rw- in this example, give the permissions for the owner of the file. " +"The next three characters, r--, give the permissions for " +"the group that the file belongs to. The final three characters, r--" +", give the permissions for the rest of the world. A dash means " +"that the permission is turned off. In this example, the permissions are set " +"so the owner can read and write to the file, the group can read the file, " +"and the rest of the world can only read the file. According to the table " +"above, the permissions for this file would be 644, where " +"each digit represents the three parts of the file's permission." +msgstr "" +"第一個 (最左邊) 的字元用來表示這個檔案的類型為何，除標準檔案以外，尚有目錄、" +"特殊字元裝置、Socket 及其他特殊虛擬檔案裝置， 在此例當中，- 表示該檔案為一個標準的檔案。 範例中接下來的三個字元中，rw-" +" 代表所有者對檔案擁有的權限。 再接下來的三個字元， r-- 則代表群組對檔案擁有的權限， 最後三個字元，r-- 則" +"代表其他人對檔案擁有的權限。 破折號 (-) 表示沒有權限，範例中的這個檔案的權" +"限， 只允許所有者讀取、寫入檔案，群組以及其他人僅能讀取檔案。 根據以上的表" +"格，此種權限的檔案可以使用 644 來表示， 每組數字分別代表檔" +"案的三種權限。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:6701 +msgid "" +"How does the system control permissions on devices? FreeBSD treats most " +"hardware devices as a file that programs can open, read, and write data to. " +"These special device files are stored in /dev/." +msgstr "" +"那系統如何控制裝置的權限？ 實際上 FreeBSD 對大多的硬碟裝置就如同檔案，程式可" +"以開啟、讀取以及寫入資料如一般檔案。 這些特殊裝置檔案都儲存於 /dev/" +" 目錄中。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:6706 +msgid "" +"Directories are also treated as files. They have read, write, and execute " +"permissions. The executable bit for a directory has a slightly different " +"meaning than that of files. When a directory is marked executable, it means " +"it is possible to change into that directory using " +"cd1. This also means that it is possible to access the files " +"within that directory, subject to the permissions on the files themselves." +msgstr "" +"目錄也同如檔案，擁有讀取、寫入及執行的權限， 但在執行權限上與檔案有明顯的差" +"異。 當目錄被標示為可執行時，代表可以使用 cd1 指令切換進入該目錄。 也" +"代表能夠存取在此目錄之中的已知檔名的檔案，但仍會受限於檔案本身所設定的權限。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:6715 +msgid "" +"In order to perform a directory listing, the read permission must be set on " +"the directory. In order to delete a file that one knows the name of, it is " +"necessary to have write and execute permissions to the " +"directory containing the file." +msgstr "" +"要能夠列出目錄內容，必須擁有目錄的讀取權限。 要刪除已知檔名的檔案，必須擁有檔" +"案所在目錄的寫入 以及 執行的權限。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:6721 +msgid "" +"There are more permission bits, but they are primarily used in special " +"circumstances such as setuid binaries and sticky directories. For more " +"information on file permissions and how to set them, refer to " +"chmod1." +msgstr "" +"還有一些權限位元，但這些權限主要在特殊情況使用，如 setuid binaries 及 sticky " +"directories。 如果您還想知道更多檔案權限的資訊及使用方法，請務必參閱 " +"chmod1。" + +#. (itstool) path: info/title +#: book.translate.xml:6728 +msgid "Symbolic Permissions" +msgstr "權限符號" + +#. (itstool) path: authorgroup/author +#: book.translate.xml:6731 book.translate.xml:6866 book.translate.xml:6917 +#: book.translate.xml:19238 book.translate.xml:19345 book.translate.xml:19523 +#: book.translate.xml:20642 book.translate.xml:21168 book.translate.xml:23417 +#: book.translate.xml:33824 book.translate.xml:45463 book.translate.xml:65535 +msgid "" +" Tom Rhodes Contributed by " +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:6741 +msgid "permissions symbolic" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6746 +msgid "" +"Symbolic permissions use characters instead of octal values to assign " +"permissions to files or directories. Symbolic permissions use the syntax of " +"(who) (action) (permissions), where the following values are available:" +msgstr "" +"權限符號可稱做符號表示，使用字元的方式來取代使用數值來設定檔案或目錄的權限。 " +"符號表示的格式依序為 (某人)(動作)(權限)，可使用的符號如下:" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6756 book.translate.xml:23143 +msgid "Option" +msgstr "項目" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6757 +msgid "Letter" +msgstr "字母" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6758 +msgid "Represents" +msgstr "代表意義" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6764 book.translate.xml:6770 book.translate.xml:6776 +#: book.translate.xml:6782 +msgid "(who)" +msgstr "(某人)" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6765 +msgid "u" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6766 +msgid "User" +msgstr "使用者" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6771 +msgid "g" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6772 +msgid "Group owner" +msgstr "群組所有者" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6777 +msgid "o" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6778 +msgid "Other" +msgstr "其他" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6783 +msgid "a" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6784 +msgid "All (world)" +msgstr "全部 (world)" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6788 book.translate.xml:6794 book.translate.xml:6800 +msgid "(action)" +msgstr "(動作)" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6789 book.translate.xml:31385 book.translate.xml:39117 +msgid "+" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6790 +msgid "Adding permissions" +msgstr "\t增加權限" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6795 book.translate.xml:31390 book.translate.xml:39122 +msgid "-" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6796 +msgid "Removing permissions" +msgstr "移除權限" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6801 +msgid "=" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6802 +msgid "Explicitly set permissions" +msgstr "指定權限" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6806 book.translate.xml:6812 book.translate.xml:6818 +#: book.translate.xml:6824 book.translate.xml:6830 +msgid "(permissions)" +msgstr "(權限)" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6807 +msgid "r" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6808 +msgid "Read" +msgstr "讀取" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6813 +msgid "w" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6814 +msgid "Write" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6819 +msgid "x" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6820 +msgid "Execute" +msgstr "寫入" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6825 +msgid "t" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6826 +msgid "Sticky bit" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6831 +msgid "s" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: row/entry +#: book.translate.xml:6832 +msgid "Set UID or GID" +msgstr "\tSet UID 或 GID" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6838 +msgid "" +"These values are used with chmod1, but with letters " +"instead of numbers. For example, the following command would block other " +"users from accessing FILE:" +msgstr "" +"如先前同樣使用 chmod1 指令來設定，但使用的參" +"數為這些字元。 例如，您可以使用下列指令禁止其他使用者存取檔案 " +"FILE:" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/screen +#: book.translate.xml:6843 +#, no-wrap +msgid "% chmod go= FILE" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6845 +msgid "" +"A comma separated list can be provided when more than one set of changes to " +"a file must be made. For example, the following command removes the group " +"and world write permission on FILE, and adds the execute permissions for everyone:" +msgstr "" +"若有兩個以上的符號表示可以使用逗號 (,) 區隔。 例如，下列指令將會移除群組及其" +"他人對檔案 FILE 的寫入權限， 並使全部人 " +"(world) 對該檔有執行權限。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/screen +#: book.translate.xml:6852 +#, no-wrap +msgid "% chmod go-w,a+x FILE" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: info/title +#: book.translate.xml:6863 +msgid "FreeBSD File Flags" +msgstr "FreeBSD 檔案旗標" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6876 +msgid "" +"In addition to file permissions, FreeBSD supports the use of file " +"flags. These flags add an additional level of security and control " +"over files, but not directories. With file flags, even root can be prevented from removing or altering " +"files." +msgstr "" +"除了前面提到的檔案權限外，FreeBSD 支援使用 檔案旗標。 這些旗標" +"增加了檔案的安全性及管理性，但不包含目錄。有了檔案旗標可確保在某些時候 " +"root 不會意外將檔案修改或移除。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6883 +msgid "" +"File flags are modified using chflags1. For example, to " +"enable the system undeletable flag on the file file1, " +"issue the following command:" +msgstr "" +"修改的檔案 flag 僅需要使用擁有簡易的介面的 " +"chflags1 工具。 例如，標示系統禁止刪除的旗標於檔案 " +"file1，使用下列指令：" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/screen +#: book.translate.xml:6888 +#, no-wrap +msgid "# chflags sunlink file1" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6890 +msgid "" +"To disable the system undeletable flag, put a no in front of " +"the :" +msgstr "" +"若要移除系統禁止刪除的旗標，只需要簡單在 前加上 " +"no，例如：" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/screen +#: book.translate.xml:6894 +#, no-wrap +msgid "# chflags nosunlink file1" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6896 +msgid "" +"To view the flags of a file, use with " +"ls1:" +msgstr "" +"使用 ls1 及參數 可檢視檔案目前的旗標：" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/screen +#: book.translate.xml:6899 +#, no-wrap +msgid "# ls -lo file1" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/programlisting +#: book.translate.xml:6901 +#, no-wrap +msgid "-rw-r--r-- 1 trhodes trhodes sunlnk 0 Mar 1 05:54 file1" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6903 +msgid "" +"Several file flags may only be added or removed by the root user. In other cases, the file owner may set " +"its file flags. Refer to chflags1 and " +"chflags2 for more information." +msgstr "" +"多數的旗標僅能由 root 使用者來標" +"示或移除，而部份旗標可由檔案所有者設定。 我們建議系統管理者可閱讀 " +"chflags1 及 chflags2 說明以瞭解相關細節。" + +#. (itstool) path: info/title +#: book.translate.xml:6912 +msgid "" +"The setuid, setgid, and " +"sticky Permissions" +msgstr "" +"setuid 、setgid 與 sticky 權限" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6927 +msgid "" +"Other than the permissions already discussed, there are three other specific " +"settings that all administrators should know about. They are the " +"setuid, setgid, and sticky permissions." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6933 +msgid "" +"These settings are important for some UNIX operations as they provide functionality not normally granted to " +"normal users. To understand them, the difference between the real user ID " +"and effective user ID must be noted." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6938 +msgid "" +"The real user ID is the UID who owns or starts the " +"process. The effective UID is the user ID the process " +"runs as. As an example, passwd1 runs with the real " +"user ID when a user changes their password. However, in order to update the " +"password database, the command runs as the effective ID of the root user. This allows users to change their " +"passwords without seeing a Permission Denied error." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6948 +msgid "" +"The setuid permission may be set by prefixing a permission set with the " +"number four (4) as shown in the following example:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/screen +#: book.translate.xml:6952 +#, no-wrap +msgid "# chmod 4755 suidexample.sh" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6954 +msgid "" +"The permissions on suidexample.sh now look like the following:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/programlisting +#: book.translate.xml:6958 +#, no-wrap +msgid "-rwsr-xr-x 1 trhodes trhodes 63 Aug 29 06:36 suidexample.sh" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6960 +msgid "" +"Note that a s is now part of the permission set " +"designated for the file owner, replacing the executable bit. This allows " +"utilities which need elevated permissions, such as " +"passwd1." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: note/para +#: book.translate.xml:6966 +msgid "" +"The nosuid mount8 option will cause such " +"binaries to silently fail without alerting the user. That option is not " +"completely reliable as a nosuid wrapper may be able to " +"circumvent it." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6973 +msgid "" +"To view this in real time, open two terminals. On one, type passwd as a normal user. While it waits for a new password, check the " +"process table and look at the user information for " +"passwd1:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6979 +msgid "In terminal A:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/screen +#: book.translate.xml:6981 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"Changing local password for trhodes\n" +"Old Password:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6984 +msgid "In terminal B:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/screen +#: book.translate.xml:6986 +#, no-wrap +msgid "# ps aux | grep passwd" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/screen +#: book.translate.xml:6988 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"trhodes 5232 0.0 0.2 3420 1608 0 R+ 2:10AM 0:00.00 grep passwd\n" +"root 5211 0.0 0.2 3620 1724 2 I+ 2:09AM 0:00.01 passwd" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6991 +msgid "" +"Although passwd1 is run as a normal user, it is using the effective " +"UID of root." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:6995 +msgid "" +"The setgid permission performs the same function as the " +"setuid permission; except that it alters the group " +"settings. When an application or utility executes with this setting, it will " +"be granted the permissions based on the group that owns the file, not the " +"user who started the process." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:7002 +msgid "" +"To set the setgid permission on a file, provide " +"chmod1 with a leading two (2):" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/screen +#: book.translate.xml:7005 +#, no-wrap +msgid "# chmod 2755 sgidexample.sh" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:7007 +msgid "" +"In the following listing, notice that the s is now in the " +"field designated for the group permission settings:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/screen +#: book.translate.xml:7011 +#, no-wrap +msgid "-rwxr-sr-x 1 trhodes trhodes 44 Aug 31 01:49 sgidexample.sh" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: note/para +#: book.translate.xml:7014 +msgid "" +"In these examples, even though the shell script in question is an executable " +"file, it will not run with a different EUID or effective " +"user ID. This is because shell scripts may not access the " +"setuid2 system calls." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:7021 +msgid "" +"The setuid and setgid permission bits " +"may lower system security, by allowing for elevated permissions. The third " +"special permission, the sticky bit, can strengthen the " +"security of a system." +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:7027 +msgid "" +"When the sticky bit is set on a directory, it allows file " +"deletion only by the file owner. This is useful to prevent file deletion in " +"public directories, such as /tmp, by users who do not " +"own the file. To utilize this permission, prefix the permission set with a " +"one (1):" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/screen +#: book.translate.xml:7034 +#, no-wrap +msgid "# chmod 1777 /tmp" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/para +#: book.translate.xml:7036 +msgid "" +"The sticky bit permission will display as a t at the very end of the permission set:" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/screen +#: book.translate.xml:7040 +#, no-wrap +msgid "# ls -al / | grep tmp" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect2/screen +#: book.translate.xml:7042 +#, no-wrap +msgid "drwxrwxrwt 10 root wheel 512 Aug 31 01:49 tmp" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/title +#: book.translate.xml:7048 +msgid "Directory Structure" +msgstr "目錄結構" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/indexterm +#: book.translate.xml:7050 +msgid "directory hierarchy" +msgstr "" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:7054 +msgid "" +"The FreeBSD directory hierarchy is fundamental to obtaining an overall " +"understanding of the system. The most important directory is root or, " +"/. This directory is the first one mounted at boot time and " +"it contains the base system necessary to prepare the operating system for " +"multi-user operation. The root directory also contains mount points for " +"other file systems that are mounted during the transition to multi-user " +"operation." +msgstr "" +"認識 FreeBSD 的目錄架構，就可對系統有概略的基礎理解。 最重要的莫過於整個目錄" +"的根目錄，就是 / 目錄， 該目錄會在開機時最先掛載 (mount)，裡面" +"會有開機所會用到必備檔案。 此外，根目錄還有紀錄其他檔案系統的掛載點相關設定。" + +#. (itstool) path: sect1/para +#: book.translate.xml:7063 +msgid "" +"A mount point is a directory where additional file systems can be grafted " +"onto a parent file system (usually the root file system). This is further " +"described in . Standard mount points " +"include /usr/, /var/, /" +"tmp/, /mnt/, and /cdrom/. These directories are usually referenced to entries in /" +"etc/fstab. This file is a table of various file systems and mount " +"points and is read by the system. Most of the file systems in /etc/" +"fstab are mounted automatically at boot time from the script " +"rc8 unless their entry includes . Details " +"can be found in ." +msgstr "" +"「掛載點」就是讓新增的檔案系統，能接到上層的檔案系統 (通常就是「根目錄」檔案" +"系統) 的目錄。 在 這邊對此有更詳細介" +"紹。 標準的掛載點包括了 /usr/, /var/, /tmp/, /mnt/ 以及 " +"/cdrom/。 這些目錄通常會記錄在 /etc/fstab 設定檔內。 /etc/fstab 是記錄各檔案系統及相關掛" +"載點的表格。 大部分在 /etc/fstab 有記錄的檔案系統，會在" +"開機時由 rc8 Script 來自動掛載，除非它們有設定