Index: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/desktop/chapter.xml =================================================================== --- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/desktop/chapter.xml (revision 41706) +++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/desktop/chapter.xml (revision 41707) @@ -1,1298 +1,1298 @@ Christophe Juniet Contributed by Desktop Applications Synopsis While &os; is popular as a server for its performance and stability, it is also suited for day-to-day use as a desktop. With over &os.numports; applications available as packages or ports, it is easy to build a customized desktop that runs a wide variety of desktop applications. This chapter demonstrates how to install some popular desktop applications effortlessly using packages or the &os; Ports Collection. As &os; features &linux; binary compatibility, many applications developed for &linux; can be installed on a &os; desktop. Many of the ports using &linux; binary compatibility start with linux-. This chapter assumes that &linux; binary compatibility has been enabled before any &linux; applications are installed. This chapter demonstrates how to install the following desktop applications: Type of Application Application Name Package Name Ports Name Browser Firefox firefox www/firefox Browser Opera opera www/opera Browser Konqueror kde4-baseapps x11/kde4-baseapps Browser Chromium chromium www/chromium Productivity Calligra calligra editors/calligra Productivity AbiWord abiword editors/abiword Productivity The GIMP gimp graphics/gimp Productivity Apache OpenOffice openoffice editors/openoffice-3 Productivity LibreOffice libreoffice editors/libreoffice Document Viewer &acrobat.reader; no package due to license restriction print/acroread9 Document Viewer gv gv print/gv Document Viewer Xpdf xpdf graphics/xpdf Document Viewer GQview gqview graphics/gqview Finance GnuCash gnucash finance/gnucash Finance Gnumeric gnumeric math/gnumeric Finance KMyMoney kmymoney-kde4 finance/kmymoney-kde4 Before reading this chapter, you should know how to: Install additional software using packages or ports. Enable &linux; binary compatibility. For information on how to configure a multimedia environment, refer to . For information on how to set up and use electronic mail, refer to . Browsers browsers web &os; does not come with a pre-installed web browser. Instead, the www category of the Ports Collection contains many browsers which can be installed as a package or compiled from the Ports Collection. The KDE and GNOME desktop environments include their own HTML browser. Refer to for more information on how to set up these complete desktops. Some light-weight browsers include www/dillo2, www/links, and www/w3m. This section demonstrates how to install the following popular web browsers and indicates if the application is resource-heavy, takes time to compile from ports, or has any major dependencies. Application Name Resources Needed Installation from Ports Notes Firefox medium heavy &os; and &linux; versions are available Opera light light &os; and &linux; versions are available Konqueror medium heavy Requires KDE libraries Chromium medium heavy Requires Gtk+ Firefox Firefox Firefox is a modern, free, open source browser that is fully ported to &os;. It features a standards-compliant HTML display engine, tabbed browsing, popup blocking, extensions, improved security, and more. Firefox is based on the Mozilla codebase. Install the package of the latest release version of Firefox by typing: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r firefox To instead install Firefox Extended Support Release (ESR) version, use: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r firefox-esr Localized versions are available in www/firefox-i18n and www/firefox-esr-i18n. The Ports Collection can instead be used to compile the desired version of firefox from source code. This example builds www/firefox, where firefox can be replaced with the ESR or localized version to install. &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/www/firefox &prompt.root; make install clean Firefox and &java; Plugin The following sections assume that Firefox is already installed. java/icedtea-web provides a free software web browser plugin for running Java applets. It can be installed as a package. To alternately compile the port: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/java/icedtea-web &prompt.root; make install clean Keep the default configuration options when compiling the port. Once installed, start firefox, enter about:plugins in the location bar and press Enter. A page listing the installed plugins will be displayed. The &java; plugin should be listed. If the browser is unable to find the plugin, each user will have to run the following command and relaunch the browser: &prompt.user; ln -s /usr/local/lib/IcedTeaPlugin.so \ $HOME/.mozilla/plugins/ Firefox and &adobe; &flash; Plugin Flash A native &adobe; &flash; plugin is not available for &os;. However, a software layer (wrapper) for running the &linux; version of the plugin exists. This wrapper also provides support for other browser plugins such as &realplayer;. To install and enable this plugin: - Compile the Install the www/nspluginwrapper port. Due to licensing restrictions, a package is not available. This port requires emulators/linux_base-f10 which is a large port. - Compile the Install the www/linux-f10-flashplugin11 port. Due to licensing restrictions, a package is not available. &prompt.root; ln -s /usr/local/lib/npapi/linux-f10-flashplugin/libflashplayer.so \ /usr/local/lib/browser_plugins/ - Create Create the /usr/local/lib/browser_plugins - if it does not already exist on the system. + directory if it is not already present. - Before flash is first used each user must run: + Before the plugin is first used, each user must run: &prompt.user; nspluginwrapper -v -a -i - When flash is updated each user must run: + When the plugin port has been updated and reinstalled, each user must run: &prompt.user; nspluginwrapper -v -a -u Start the browser, enter about:plugins in the location bar and - press Enter. A list should appear with - all the currently available plugins. + press Enter. A list of + all the currently available plugins will be shown. Firefox and Swfdec &flash; Plugin Swfdec is the library for decoding and rendering &flash; animations. Swfdec-Mozilla is a plugin for Firefox browsers that uses the Swfdec library for playing SWF files. It is still in heavy development. To install the package: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r swfdec-plugin If the package is not available, compile and install it from the Ports Collection: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/www/swfdec-plugin &prompt.root; make install clean Restart the browser for this plugin to take effect. Opera Opera Opera is a full-featured and standards-compliant browser which is still lightweight and fast. It comes with a built-in mail and news reader, an IRC client, an RSS/Atom feeds reader, and more. It is available as a native &os; version and as a version that runs under &linux; emulation. This command installs the package of the &os; version of Opera. Replace opera with linux-opera to instead install the &linux; version. &prompt.root; pkg_add -r opera Alternately, install either version through the Ports Collection. This example compiles the native version: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/www/opera &prompt.root; make install clean To install the &linux; version, substitute linux-opera in place of opera. To install &adobe; &flash; plugin support, first compile the www/linux-f10-flashplugin11 port, as a package is not available due to licensing restrictions. Then install either the www/opera-linuxplugins port or package. This example compiles both from ports: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/www/linux-f10-flashplugin11 &prompt.root; make install clean &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/www/opera-linuxplugins &prompt.root; make install clean Once installed, check the presence of the plugin by starting the browser, entering opera:plugins in the location bar and pressing Enter. A list should appear with all the currently available plugins. To add the &java; plugin, follow the instructions for Firefox. Konqueror Konqueror Konqueror is part of x11/kde4-baseapps. Konqueror is more than a web browser as it is also a file manager and a multimedia viewer. Konqueror supports WebKit as well as its own KHTML. WebKit is a rendering engine used by many modern browsers including Chromium. To use WebKit with Konqueror on &os;, install the www/kwebkitpart package or port. This example compiles the port: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/www/kwebkitpart &prompt.root; make install clean To enable WebKit within Konqueror, click Settings, Configure Konqueror. In the General settings page, click the drop-down menu next to Default web browser engine and change KHTML to WebKit. Konqueror also supports &flash;. A How To guide for getting &flash; support on Konqueror is available at . Chromium Chromium Chromium is an open source browser project that aims to build a safer, faster, and more stable web browsing experience. Chromium features tabbed browsing, popup blocking, extensions, and much more. Chromium is the open source project upon which the Google Chrome web browser is based. Chromium can be installed as a package by typing: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r chromium Alternatively, Chromium can be compiled from source using the Ports Collection: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/www/chromium &prompt.root; make install clean The executable for Chromium is /usr/local/bin/chrome, not /usr/local/bin/chromium. Chromium and &java; Plugin The following sections assume that Chromium is already installed. To install &java; plugin support, follow the instructions in . Once &java; support is installed, start Chromium, and enter about:plugins in the address bar. IcedTea-Web should be listed as one of the installed plugins. If Chromium does not display the IcedTea-Web plugin, run the following commands, and restart the web browser: &prompt.root; mkdir -p /usr/local/share/chromium/plugins &prompt.root; ln -s /usr/local/lib/IcedTeaPlugin.so \ /usr/local/share/chromium/plugins/ Chromium and &adobe; &flash; Plugin Configuring Chromium and &adobe; &flash; is similar to the instructions for Firefox. No additional configuration should be necessary, since Chromium is able to use some plugins from other browsers. Productivity When it comes to productivity, new users often look for a good office suite or a friendly word processor. While some desktop environments like KDE already provide an office suite, there is no default productivity package. Several office suites and word processors are available for &os;, regardless of the installed desktop environment. This section demonstrates how to install the following popular productivity software and indicates if the application is resource-heavy, takes time to compile from ports, or has any major dependencies. Application Name Resources Needed Installation from Ports Major Dependencies Calligra light heavy KDE AbiWord light light Gtk+ or GNOME The Gimp light heavy Gtk+ Apache OpenOffice heavy huge &jdk; and Mozilla LibreOffice somewhat heavy huge Gtk+, or KDE/ GNOME, or &jdk; Calligra Calligra office suite Calligra The KDE community provides its desktop environment with an office suite which can be used outside of KDE. Calligra includes standard components that can be found in other office suites. Words is the word processor, Sheets is the spreadsheet program, Stage manages slide presentations, and Karbon is used to draw graphical documents. editors/calligra can be installed as a package or a port. To install the package: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r calligra If the package is not available, use the Ports Collection instead: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/editors/calligra &prompt.root; make install clean AbiWord AbiWord AbiWord is a free word processing program similar in look and feel to µsoft; Word. It is suitable for typing papers, letters, reports, memos, and so forth. It is fast, contains many features, and is user-friendly. AbiWord can import or export many file formats, including some proprietary ones like µsoft; .doc. To install the AbiWord package: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r abiword If the package is not available, it can be compiled from the Ports Collection: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/editors/abiword &prompt.root; make install clean The GIMP The GIMP For image authoring or picture retouching, The GIMP provides a sophisticated image manipulation program. It can be used as a simple paint program or as a quality photo retouching suite. It supports a large number of plugins and features a scripting interface. The GIMP can read and write a wide range of file formats and supports interfaces with scanners and tablets. To install the package: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r gimp Alternately, use the Ports Collection: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/graphics/gimp &prompt.root; make install clean The graphics category of the Ports Collection contains several GIMP-related plugins, help files, and user manuals. Apache OpenOffice Apache OpenOffice office suite Apache OpenOffice On 1 June 2011, &oracle; donated the OpenOffice.org code base to the Apache Software Foundation. OpenOffice.org is now known as Apache OpenOffice and is developed under the wing of the Apache Software Foundation's Incubator. Apache OpenOffice includes all of the mandatory applications in a complete office productivity suite: a word processor, spreadsheet, presentation manager, and drawing program. Its user interface is very similar to other office suites, and it can import and export in various popular file formats. It is available in a number of different languages and internationalization has been extended to interfaces, spell checkers, and dictionaries. The word processor of Apache OpenOffice uses a native XML file format for increased portability and flexibility. The spreadsheet program features a macro language which can be interfaced with external databases. Apache OpenOffice is stable and runs natively on &windows;, &solaris;, &linux;, &os;, and &macos; X. More information about Apache OpenOffice can be found on the Apache OpenOffice web site. For &os; specific information, and to directly download packages, refer to the web site of the &os; Apache OpenOffice Porting Team. To install the Apache OpenOffice package: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r apache-openoffice When running a -RELEASE version of &os;, this should work. Otherwise, download the latest package from the website of the &os; Apache OpenOffice Porting Team and install it using &man.pkg.add.1;. Both the current release and development versions are available for download at this web site. Once the package is installed, type the following command to launch Apache OpenOffice: &prompt.user; openoffice-X.Y.Z where X.Y.Z is the version number of the installed version of Apache OpenOffice. During the first launch, some questions will be asked and a .openoffice.org folder will be created in the user's home directory. If the desired Apache OpenOffice package is not available, compiling the port is still an opton. However, this requires a lot of disk space and a fairly long time to compile: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/editors/openoffice-3 &prompt.root; make install clean To build a localized version, replace the previous command with: &prompt.root; make LOCALIZED_LANG=your_language install clean Replace your_language with the correct language ISO-code. A list of supported language codes is available in files/Makefile.localized, located in the port's directory. LibreOffice LibreOffice office suite LibreOffice LibreOffice is a free software office suite developed by The Document Foundation. It is compatible with other major office suites and available on a variety of platforms. It is a rebranded fork of OpenOffice.org which includes all of the mandatory applications in a complete office productivity suite: a word processor, spreadsheet, presentation manager, drawing program, database management program, and a tool for creating and editing mathematical formula. It is available in a number of different languages and internationalization has been extended to interfaces, spell checkers, and dictionaries. The word processor of LibreOffice uses a native XML file format for increased portability and flexibility. The spreadsheet program features a macro language which can be interfaced with external databases. LibreOffice is stable and runs natively on &windows;, &linux;, &os;, and &macos; X. More information about LibreOffice can be found on the LibreOffice web site. To install the English version of the LibreOffice package: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r libreoffice The editors category of the Ports Collection contains several localizations for LibreOffice. When installing a localized package, replace libreoffice with the name of the localized package. Once the package is installed, type the following command to run LibreOffice: &prompt.user; libreoffice During the first launch, some questions will be asked and a .libreoffice folder will be created in the user's home directory. If the desired LibreOffice package is not available, compiling the port is still an option. However, this requires a lot of disk space and a fairly long time to compile. This example compiles the English version: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/editors/libreoffice &prompt.root; make install clean To build a localized version, cd into the port directory of the desired language. Supported languages can be found in the editors category of the Ports Collection. Document Viewers Some new document formats have gained popularity since the advent of &unix; and the viewers they require may not be available in the base system. This section demonstrates how to install the following viewers: Application Name Resources Needed Installation from Ports Major Dependencies &acrobat.reader; light light &linux; binary compatibility gv light light Xaw3d Xpdf light light FreeType GQview light light Gtk+ or GNOME &acrobat.reader; Acrobat Reader PDF viewing Many documents are now distributed as Portable Document Format (PDF) files. One popular viewer for PDFs is &acrobat.reader;, released by &adobe; for &linux;. As &os; can run &linux; binaries, it is also available for &os;. Due to licensing restrictions, a package is not available so it must be compiled from ports. Several localizations are available from the print category of the Ports Collection. This command installs the English version of &acrobat.reader; 9 from the Ports Collection. To instead install a localized version, cd into the desired port's directory. &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/print/acroread9 &prompt.root; make install clean <application>gv</application> gv PDF viewing PostScript viewing gv is a &postscript; and PDF viewer. It is based on ghostview, but has a nicer look due to the Xaw3d library. It is fast with a clean interface. gv has many configurable features, such as orientation, paper size, scale, and anti-aliasing. Almost any operation can be performed with either the keyboard or the mouse. To install gv as a package: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r gv If a package is unavailable, use the Ports Collection: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/print/gv &prompt.root; make install clean Xpdf Xpdf PDF viewing For users that prefer a small &os; PDF viewer, xpdf provides a light-weight and efficient viewer which requires few resources. It uses the standard X fonts and does not require &motif; or any other X toolkit. To install the Xpdf package: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r xpdf If the package is not available, use the Ports Collection: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/graphics/xpdf &prompt.root; make install clean Once the installation is complete, launch xpdf and use the right mouse button to activate the menu. GQview GQview GQview is an image manager which supports viewing a file with a single click, launching an external editor, and thumbnail previews. It also features a slideshow mode and some basic file operations, making it easy to manage image collections and to find duplicate files. GQview supports full screen viewing and internationalization. To install the GQview package: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r gqview If the package is not available, use the Ports Collection: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/graphics/gqview &prompt.root; make install clean Finance For managing personal finances on a &os; desktop, some powerful and easy-to-use applications can be installed. Some are compatible with widespread file formats, such as the formats used by Quicken and Excel. This section covers these programs: Application Name Resources Needed Installation from Ports Major Dependencies GnuCash light heavy GNOME Gnumeric light heavy GNOME KMyMoney light heavy KDE GnuCash GnuCash GnuCash is part of the GNOME effort to provide user-friendly, yet powerful, applications to end-users. GnuCash can be used to keep track of income and expenses, bank accounts, and stocks. It features an intuitive interface while remaining professional. GnuCash provides a smart register, a hierarchical system of accounts, and many keyboard accelerators and auto-completion methods. It can split a single transaction into several more detailed pieces. GnuCash can import and merge Quicken QIF files. It also handles most international date and currency formats. To install the GnuCash package: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r gnucash If the package is not available, use the Ports Collection: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/finance/gnucash &prompt.root; make install clean Gnumeric Gnumeric spreadsheet Gnumeric Gnumeric is a spreadsheet program developed by the GNOME community. It features convenient automatic guessing of user input according to the cell format with an autofill system for many sequences. It can import files in a number of popular formats, including Excel, Lotus 1-2-3, and Quattro Pro. It has a large number of built-in functions and allows all of the usual cell formats such as number, currency, date, time, and much more. To install Gnumeric as a package: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r gnumeric If the package is not available, use the Ports Collection: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/math/gnumeric &prompt.root; make install clean KMyMoney KMyMoney spreadsheet KMyMoney KMyMoney is a personal finance created by the KDE community. KMyMoney intends to provide and incorporate all the important features found in commercial personal finance manager applications. It also highlights ease-of-use and proper double-entry accounting among its features. KMyMoney imports from standard Quicken Interchange Format (QIF) files, tracks investments, handles multiple currencies, and provides a wealth of reports. To install KMyMoney as a package: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r kmymoney-kde4 If the package is not available, use the Ports Collection: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/finance/kmymoney-kde4 &prompt.root; make install clean