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stand/efi/gptboot/gptboot.efi.8

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.\" $FreeBSD$ .\" $FreeBSD$

.\" .\"

.Dd April 30, 2019 .Dd April 6, 2021

.Dt GPTBOOT 8 .Dt GPTBOOT.EFI 8

.Os .Os

.Sh NAME .Sh NAME

.Nm gptboot .Nm gptboot.efi

.Nd GPT bootcode for UFS on BIOS-based computers .Nd GPT bootcode for UFS on UEFI computers

.Sh DESCRIPTION .Sh DESCRIPTION

.Nm .Nm

is used on BIOS-based computers to boot from a UFS partition on a is used on UEFI computers to boot from a UFS partition on a

GPT-partitioned disk. GPT-partitioned disk.

.Nm .Nm

is installed in a is installed in a UEFI ESP with the

.Cm freebsd-boot .Xr cp 1

partition with command.

.Xr gpart 8 . For BIOS-based computers,

.Xr gpart 8

is used instead.

rpokalaUnsubmitted

Done

For BIOS-based computers,
.Xr gpart 8
is used instead.

BIOS-based systems use
.Xr gptboot 8
instead, which is installed with
.Xr gpart 8 .

rpokala: > For BIOS-based computers, > .Xr gpart 8 > is used instead. ``` BIOS-based systems use .Xr…

While conceptually similar, the details differ.

.Pp .Pp

Generally, UEFI computers are booted using the mechanisms found

.Xr efibootmgr 8 .

However, some setups cannot use that mechanism.

When what boots cannot depend on host-supplied UEFI variables, or

rpokalaUnsubmitted

Done

When what is booted ...

rpokala: `When what is booted` ...

pstefUnsubmitted

Done

I have trouble parsing this.

pstef: I have trouble parsing this.

when bugs in the UEFI implementation prevent that,

.Nm

is used to bridge the gap.

mhorneUnsubmitted

Done

You might make mechanism plural, as in the previous sentence.

mhorne: You might make mechanism plural, as in the previous sentence.

rpokalaUnsubmitted

Done

Usually the expanded version comes first, then the initialization:

is installed in the EFI System Partition (ESP).

rpokala: Usually the expanded version comes first, then the initialization: ``` is installed in the EFI…

.Pp

When it starts, When it starts,

.Nm .Nm

first reads the GPT and determines which drive and partition to first reads the GPT and determines which drive and partition to

boot from, as described under boot from, as described under

.Sx BOOTING , .Sx BOOTING ,

rpokalaUnsubmitted

Done

s/reply/rely/

rpokala: s/reply/rely/

below. below.

If it does not find an eligible partition, or if the user hits a If it does not find an eligible partition, it returns to the UEFI

rpokalaUnsubmitted

Done

When what boots cannot depend on host-supplied UEFI variables, or
when bugs in the UEFI implementation prevent that,
.Nm
is used to bridge the gap.

Perhaps:

When deciding what to boot cannot depend on host-supplied UEFI variables,
or when bugs in the UEFI implementation prevent that,
.Nm
is used to bridge the gap.

rpokala: > When what boots cannot depend on host-supplied UEFI variables, or > when bugs in the UEFI…

impAuthorUnsubmitted

Done

reworded a little differently to avoid the maybe too informal / idiomatic 'bridge the gap'.

imp: reworded a little differently to avoid the maybe too informal / idiomatic 'bridge the gap'.

key within three seconds, BIOS so the next bootable item in the UEFI's Boot Manager's

rpokalaUnsubmitted

Done

BIOS so the next bootable item in the UEFI's Boot Manager's

firmware, so the next bootable item in the UEFIs Boot Manager's

rpokala: > BIOS so the next bootable item in the UEFI's Boot Manager's ``` firmware, so the next…

creesUnsubmitted

Done

I wonder if you should put a comma here, or rewrite.

If it does not find an eligible partition, control is returned to the UEFI BIOS, so the next bootable item (...) list is tried.

crees: I wonder if you should put a comma here, or rewrite. If it does not find an eligible partition…

creesUnsubmitted

Done

Sorry, last one- I think rpakola's suggestion of s,BIOS,firmware, was right here as well.

crees: Sorry, last one- I think rpakola's suggestion of s,BIOS,firmware, was right here as well.

rpokalaUnsubmitted

Done

"firmware"

rpokala: "firmware"

.Nm list.

rpokalaUnsubmitted

Done

list.

list is tried.

rpokala: > list. ``` list is tried. ```

switches from auto-boot to interactive mode.

Interactive mode allows manual selection of the disk, partition,

filename, and boot option flags, as described in

.Xr boot 8 .

.Sh IMPLEMENTATION NOTES .Sh IMPLEMENTATION NOTES

The GPT standard allows a variable number of partitions, but The GPT standard allows a variable number of partitions, but

.Nm .Nm

only boots from tables with 128 partitions or less. only boots from tables with 128 partitions or less.

.Sh PARTITION ATTRIBUTES .Sh PARTITION ATTRIBUTES

.Nm .Nm

checks and manages several attributes of GPT UFS partitions. checks and manages several attributes of GPT UFS partitions.

These flags are

.Fx

specific and non-standard.

.Bl -tag -width ".Cm bootfailed" .Bl -tag -width ".Cm bootfailed"

.It Cm bootme .It Cm bootme

Attempt to boot from this partition. Attempt to boot from this partition.

If more than one partition has the If more than one partition has the

.Cm bootme .Cm bootme

attribute set, attribute set,

.Nm .Nm

will attempt to boot each one until successful. will attempt to boot each one until successful.

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and and

.Sx "POST-BOOT ACTIONS" .Sx "POST-BOOT ACTIONS"

below for details. below for details.

.El .El

.Sh USAGE .Sh USAGE

For normal usage, the user does not have to set or manage any of the For normal usage, the user does not have to set or manage any of the

partition attributes. partition attributes.

.Nm .Nm

will boot from the first UFS partition found. will boot from the first UFS partition found on the device.

.Pp .Pp

The The

.Cm bootonce .Cm bootonce

attribute can be used for testing an upgraded operating system on attribute can be used for testing an upgraded operating system on

an already-working computer. an already-working computer.

The existing system partition is left untouched, and the new version The existing system partition is left untouched, and the new version

of the operating system to be tested is installed on another partition. of the operating system to be tested is installed on another partition.

The The

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The The

.Cm bootfailed .Cm bootfailed

attributes are cleared from all the partitions. attributes are cleared from all the partitions.

The The

.Cm bootonce .Cm bootonce

attribute is cleared from the partition that successfully booted. attribute is cleared from the partition that successfully booted.

There is normally only one of these. There is normally only one of these.

.Sh FILES .Sh FILES

.Bl -tag -width /boot/gptboot -compact .Bl -tag -width /boot/gptboot.efi -compact

.It Pa /boot/gptboot .It Pa /boot/gptboot.efi

bootcode binary bootcode binary

.It Pa /boot.config .It Pa /boot/efi/efi/boot/bootx64.efi

parameters for the boot blocks Default boot loader for amd64 systems.

.Pq optional .It Pa /boot/efi/efi/boot/bootaa64.efi

Default boot loader for arm64 systems.

.It Pa /boot/efi/efi/boot/bootar.efi

mhorneUnsubmitted

Done

Default boot loader for arm64 systems.

- .It Pa /boot/efi/efi/boot/bootar.efi

+ .It Pa /boot/efi/efi/boot/bootarm.efi

Default boot loader for arm systems.

mhorne:

Default boot loader for arm systems.

mhorneUnsubmitted

Done

.It Pa /boot/efi/efi/boot/bootar.efi

Default boot loader for arm systems.

+ .It Pa /boot/efi/efi/boot/bootriscv64.efi

+ Default boot loader for riscv systems.

.El

.Sh EXAMPLES

mhorne:

impAuthorUnsubmitted

Done

So this is now official? Cool.

imp: So this is now official? Cool.

.El .El

.Sh EXAMPLES .Sh EXAMPLES

.Nm .Nm

is installed in a is installed in the ESP (EFI System Partition) with

.Cm freebsd-boot .Xr cp 1 .

partition, usually the first partition on the disk.

.Dq protective MBR

.Po

see

.Xr gpart 8

.Pc

is typically installed in combination with

.Nm .

.Pp .Pp

Install Install

.Nm .Nm

on the into the ESP for the system.

.Pa ada0 This assumes the ESP is mounted in the standard

drive: .Pa /boot/efi

.Bd -literal -offset indent directory.

gpart bootcode -b /boot/pmbr -p /boot/gptboot -i 1 ada0 For amd64, use the following

.Bd -literal -offset indent -compact

cp /boot/gptboot.efi /boot/efi/efi/boot/bootx64.efi

.Ed .Ed

For other systems, use the file listed in the

.Sx FILES

section.

.Pp .Pp

.Nm

can also be installed without the PMBR:

.Bd -literal -offset indent

gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptboot -i 1 ada0

.Ed

.Pp

Set the Set the

.Cm bootme .Cm bootme

attribute for partition 2: attribute for partition 2:

.Bd -literal -offset indent .Bd -literal -offset indent

gpart set -a bootme -i 2 ada0 gpart set -a bootme -i 2 ada0

.Ed .Ed

.Pp .Pp

Set the Set the

.Cm bootonce .Cm bootonce

attribute for partition 2, automatically also setting the attribute for partition 2, automatically also setting the

.Cm bootme .Cm bootme

attribute: attribute:

.Bd -literal -offset indent .Bd -literal -offset indent

gpart set -a bootonce -i 2 ada0 gpart set -a bootonce -i 2 ada0

.Ed .Ed

.Sh SEE ALSO .Sh SEE ALSO

.Xr boot.config 5 ,

.Xr rc.conf 5 , .Xr rc.conf 5 ,

.Xr boot 8 , .Xr boot 8 ,

.Xr efibootmgr 8 ,

.Xr gpart 8 .Xr gpart 8

rpokalaUnsubmitted

Done

gpart isn't used for UEFI, so you can drop that. But I'd add

.Xr gptboot 8

and

.Xr loader.efi 8

(vestigial though the latter may be at the moment).

rpokala: `gpart` isn't used for UEFI, so you can drop that. But I'd add ``` .Xr gptboot 8 ``` and ``` .

impAuthorUnsubmitted

Done

gpart is used with UEFI to mark partitions as bootme or bootonce.

imp: gpart is used with UEFI to mark partitions as `bootme` or `bootonce`.

.Sh HISTORY .Sh HISTORY

.Nm .Nm

appeared in FreeBSD 7.1. appeared in

.Fx 13.0

.Sh AUTHORS .Sh AUTHORS

This manual page written by This manual page written by

.An Warner Losh Aq impk@FreeBSD.org .

creesUnsubmitted

Done

Is that an alias? :)

crees: Is that an alias? :)

It is based heavily on the

.Xr gptboot 8

man page by

.An Warren Block Aq wblock@FreeBSD.org . .An Warren Block Aq wblock@FreeBSD.org .