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.\" $FreeBSD$ | |||||
.\" $NetBSD: getaddrinfo.1,v 1.5 2014/04/22 06:02:06 wiz Exp $ | |||||
.\" | |||||
.\" Copyright (c) 2013 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc. | |||||
.\" All rights reserved. | |||||
.\" | |||||
.\" This documentation is derived from text contributed to The NetBSD | |||||
.\" Foundation by Taylor R. Campbell. | |||||
.\" | |||||
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without | |||||
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions | |||||
.\" are met: | |||||
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright | |||||
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. | |||||
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright | |||||
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the | |||||
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. | |||||
.\" | |||||
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS | |||||
.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED | |||||
.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR | |||||
.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS | |||||
.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR | |||||
.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF | |||||
.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS | |||||
.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN | |||||
.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) | |||||
.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE | |||||
.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. | |||||
.\" | |||||
.Dd March 20, 2017 | |||||
.Dt GETADDRINFO 1 | |||||
.Os | |||||
.Sh NAME | |||||
.Nm getaddrinfo | |||||
.Nd resolve names to socket addresses | |||||
.Sh SYNOPSIS | |||||
.Nm | |||||
.Op Fl cNnP | |||||
.Op Fl f Ar family | |||||
.Op Fl p Ar protocol | |||||
.Op Fl s Ar service Ns Op Ns / Ns Ar protocol | |||||
.Op Fl t Ar socktype | |||||
.Op Ar hostname | |||||
.Sh DESCRIPTION | |||||
The | |||||
.Nm | |||||
utility resolves host and service names to socket addresses with | |||||
.Xr getaddrinfo 3 | |||||
and prints them to standard output in a user-friendly format. | |||||
.Pp | |||||
The output is a sequence of lines with space-separated fields: | |||||
.Pp | |||||
.Dl socket-type address-family protocol [af-specific data ...] | |||||
.Pp | |||||
For the | |||||
.Dq inet | |||||
and | |||||
.Dq inet6 | |||||
address families, the af-specific data are the IP/IPv6 address and port | |||||
number. | |||||
.Pp | |||||
Depending on the settings in | |||||
.Xr nsswitch.conf 5 , | |||||
.Nm | |||||
might query DNS for answers. | |||||
However, it is not intended to be a general-purpose DNS query utility. | |||||
Use | |||||
.Xr drill 1 | |||||
for that. | |||||
.Pp | |||||
These options are available: | |||||
.Bl -tag -width Ds | |||||
.It Fl c | |||||
Look up a canonical name as if with the | |||||
.Dv AI_CANONNAME | |||||
flag to | |||||
.Xr getaddrinfo 3 | |||||
and print it on the first line before the socket addresses. | |||||
.It Fl f Ar family | |||||
Specify an address family. | |||||
Address families are named like the | |||||
.Dv AF_... | |||||
constants for address family numbers in the | |||||
.Aq Pa sys/socket.h | |||||
header file but without the | |||||
.Dv AF_ | |||||
prefix and lowercase. | |||||
For example, | |||||
.Dq inet | |||||
corresponds with | |||||
.Dv AF_INET . | |||||
.It Fl N | |||||
Treat the service as numeric and do not attempt service name | |||||
resolution, as if with the | |||||
.Dv AI_NUMERICSERV | |||||
flag to | |||||
.Xr getaddrinfo 3 . | |||||
.It Fl n | |||||
Treat the hostname as a numeric address and do not attempt name | |||||
resolution, as if with the | |||||
.Dv AI_NUMERICHOST | |||||
flag to | |||||
.Xr getaddrinfo 3 . | |||||
.It Fl P | |||||
Return socket addresses intended for use with | |||||
.Xr bind 2 , | |||||
as if with the | |||||
.Dv AI_PASSIVE | |||||
flag to | |||||
.Xr getaddrinfo 3 . | |||||
By default, the socket addresses are intended for use with | |||||
.Xr connect 2 , | |||||
.Xr sendto 2 , | |||||
or | |||||
.Xr sendmsg 2 . | |||||
.It Fl p Ar protocol | |||||
Specify a protocol. | |||||
Protocols are numeric or symbolic as listed in | |||||
.Xr protocols 5 . | |||||
.It Fl s Ar service Ns Op Ns / Ns Ar protocol | |||||
Specify a service to look up. | |||||
Services are symbolic or numeric with an optional | |||||
protocol suffix as listed in | |||||
.Xr services 5 . | |||||
If a service is not specified, a hostname is required. | |||||
.It Fl t Ar socktype | |||||
Specify a socket type. | |||||
Socket types are named like the | |||||
.Dv SOCK_... | |||||
constants for socket type numbers in the | |||||
.Aq Pa sys/socket.h | |||||
header file but without the | |||||
.Dv SOCK_ | |||||
prefix and lowercase. | |||||
For example, | |||||
.Dq dgram | |||||
corresponds with | |||||
.Dv SOCK_DGRAM . | |||||
.El | |||||
.Sh EXIT STATUS | |||||
.Ex -std getaddrinfo | |||||
.Sh EXAMPLES | |||||
Look up | |||||
.Dq www.NetBSD.org : | |||||
.Bd -literal -offset indent | |||||
$ getaddrinfo www.NetBSD.org | |||||
dgram inet6 udp 2001:4f8:3:7:2e0:81ff:fe52:9ab6 0 | |||||
dgram inet udp 149.20.53.67 0 | |||||
stream inet6 tcp 2001:4f8:3:7:2e0:81ff:fe52:9ab6 0 | |||||
stream inet tcp 149.20.53.67 0 | |||||
.Ed | |||||
.Pp | |||||
The port number here is zero because no service was specified. | |||||
.Pp | |||||
Look up | |||||
.Dq morden.NetBSD.org | |||||
for stream sockets on port 80, and show the canonical name: | |||||
.Bd -literal -offset indent | |||||
$ getaddrinfo -c -t stream -s 80 morden.NetBSD.org | |||||
canonname ftp.NetBSD.org | |||||
stream inet6 tcp 2001:470:1f05:3d::21 80 | |||||
stream inet tcp 199.233.217.249 80 | |||||
.Ed | |||||
.Sh SEE ALSO | |||||
.Xr drill 1 , | |||||
.Xr getent 1 , | |||||
.Xr getaddrinfo 3 , | |||||
.Xr getnameinfo 3 , | |||||
.Xr resolver 3 , | |||||
.Xr hosts 5 , | |||||
.Xr nsswitch.conf 5 , | |||||
.Xr protocols 5 , | |||||
.Xr resolv.conf 5 , | |||||
.Xr services 5 | |||||
.Sh HISTORY | |||||
The | |||||
.Nm | |||||
command first appeared in | |||||
.Nx 7.0 . |