diff --git a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/sound/Makefile b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/sound/Makefile deleted file mode 100644 index 0ea7f84352..0000000000 --- a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/sound/Makefile +++ /dev/null @@ -1,15 +0,0 @@ -# -# Build the Handbook with just the content from this chapter. -# -# $FreeBSD$ -# - -CHAPTERS= sound/chapter.sgml - -VPATH= .. - -MASTERDOC= ${.CURDIR}/../${DOC}.${DOCBOOKSUFFIX} - -DOC_PREFIX?= ${.CURDIR}/../../../.. - -.include "../Makefile" diff --git a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/sound/chapter.sgml b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/sound/chapter.sgml deleted file mode 100644 index fc05ff119d..0000000000 --- a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/sound/chapter.sgml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,589 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - Moses - Moore - Contributed by - - - - - - Sound - - - Synopsis - - FreeBSD supports a wide variety of sound cards, allowing you - to enjoy high fidelity output from your computer. This includes - the ability to record and playback audio in the MPEG Audio Layer - 3 (MP3), WAV, and Ogg Vorbis formats as well as many other - formats. The FreeBSD Ports Collection also contains - applications allowing you to edit your recorded audio, add sound - effects, and control attached MIDI devices. - - After reading this chapter, you will know: - - How to locate your sound card. - How to configure your system so that your sound card is - recognized. - Methods to test that your card is working using - sample applications. - How to troubleshoot your sound setup. - How to playback and encode MP3s. - How to rip CD audio tracks into data files. - - - Before reading this chapter, you should: - - - Know how to configure and install a new kernel (). - - - - - Locating the Correct Device - - PCI - ISA - sound cards - Before you begin, you should know the model of the card you - have, the chip it uses, and whether it is a PCI or ISA card. - FreeBSD supports a wide variety of both PCI and ISA cards. If - you do not see your card in the following list, check the - &man.pcm.4; manual page. This is not a complete list; however, - it does list some of the most common cards. - - - - Crystal 4237, 4236, 4232, 4231 - - - - Yamaha OPL-SAx - - - - OPTi931 - - - - Ensoniq AudioPCI 1370/1371 - - - - ESS Solo-1/1E - - - - NeoMagic 256AV/ZX - - - - Sound Blaster Pro, 16, 32, AWE64, AWE128, Live - - - - Creative ViBRA16 - - - - Advanced Asound 100, 110, and Logic ALS120 - - - - ES 1868, 1869, 1879, 1888 - - - - Gravis UltraSound - - - - Aureal Vortex 1 or 2 - - - - - kernel - configuration - - - To use your sound device, you will need to load the proper - device driver. This may be accomplished in one of two ways. - The easiest way is to simply load a kernel module for your sound - card with &man.kldload.8;. Alternatively, you may statically - compile in support for your sound card in your kernel. The - sections below provide the information you need to add support - for your hardware in this manner. For more information about - recompiling your kernel, please see . - - - Creative, Advance, and ESS Sound Cards - - If you have one of the above cards, you will need to - add: - - device pcm - - to your kernel configuration file. If you have a PnP ISA - card, you will also need to add: - - device sbc - - For a non-PnP ISA card, add: - - device pcm -device sbc0 at isa? port 0x220 irq 5 drq 1 flags 0x15 - - to your kernel configuration file. The settings shown - above are the defaults. You may need to change the IRQ or the - other settings to match your card. See the &man.sbc.4; manual - page for more information. - - - The Sound Blaster Live is not supported under FreeBSD 4.0 - without a patch, which this section will not cover. It is - recommended that you update to the latest -STABLE before - trying to use this card. - - - - - Gravis UltraSound Cards - - For a PnP ISA card, you will need to add: - - device pcm -device gusc - - to your kernel configuration file. If you have a non-PnP - ISA card, you will need to add: - - device pcm -device gus0 at isa? port 0x220 irq 5 drq 1 flags 0x13 - - to your kernel configuration file. You may need to change - the IRQ or the other settings to match your card. See the - &man.gusc.4; manual page for more information. - - - - Crystal Sound Cards - - For Crystal cards, you will need to add: - - device pcm -device csa - - to your kernel configuration file. - - - - Generic Support - - For PnP ISA or PCI cards, you will need to add: - - device pcm - - to your kernel configuration file. If you have a non-PnP - ISA sound card that does not have a bridge driver, you will - need to add: - - device pcm0 at isa? irq 10 drq 1 flags 0x0 - - to your kernel configuration file. You may need to change - the IRQ or the other settings to match your card. - - - - - Onboard Sound - - Some systems with built-in motherboard sound devices may - require the following option in your kernel - configuration: - - options PNPBIOS - - - - - Creating and Testing the Device Nodes - - device nodes - After you reboot, log in and run dmesg | grep - pcm as shown below: - - &prompt.root; dmesg | grep pcm -pcm0: <SB16 DSP 4.11> on sbc0 - - The output from your system may look different. If no - pcm devices show up, something went - wrong earlier. If that happens, go through your kernel - configuration file again and make sure you chose the correct - device. Consult the troubleshooting section for additional - options. - - If the previous command returned - pcm0, you will have to run the - following as root: - - &prompt.root; cd /dev -&prompt.root; sh MAKEDEV snd0 - - If the command returned pcm1, - follow the same steps as shown above, replacing - snd0 with - snd1. - - - The above commands will not create a - /dev/snd device! - - - MAKEDEV will create a group of device - nodes, including: - - - - - - Device - Description - - - - - - /dev/audio - SPARC-compatible audio device - - - - /dev/dsp - Digitized voice device - - - - /dev/dspW - Like /dev/dsp, but 16 bits - per sample - - - - /dev/midi - Raw midi access device - - - - /dev/mixer - Control port mixer device - - - - /dev/music - Level 2 sequencer interface - - - - /dev/sequencer - Sequencer device - - - - /dev/pss - Programmable device interface - - - - - - If all goes well, you should now have a functioning sound - card. You may want to install an application such as - audio/mpg123 to listen to audio files. - - - Common Problems - - - - - - Error - Solution - - - device node - - - - unsupported subdevice XX - One or more of the device nodes was not created - correctly. Repeat the steps above. - - - I/O port - - sb_dspwr(XX) timed out - The I/O port is not set correctly. - - - IRQ - - bad irq XX - The IRQ is set incorrectly. Make sure that - the set IRQ and the sound IRQ are the same. - - - - xxx: gus pcm not attached, out of - memory - There is not enough available memory to use - the device. - - - DSP - - xxx: can't open /dev/dsp! - Check with fstat | grep dsp - if another application is holding the device open. - Noteworthy troublemakers are esound and KDE's sound - support. - - - - - - - - - - - - Chern - Lee - Contributed by - - - - - - MP3 Audio - - MP3 (MPEG Layer 3 Audio) accomplishes near CD-quality sound, - leaving no reason to let your FreeBSD workstation fall short of - its offerings. - - - MP3 Players - - By far, the most popular XFree86 MP3 player is - XMMS (X Multimedia System). - Winamp - skins can be used with XMMS since the - GUI is almost identical to that of Nullsoft's - Winamp. - XMMS also has native plug-in - support. - - XMMS can be installed from the - audio/xmms port or package. - - XMMS' interface is intuitive, - with a playlist, graphic equalizer, and more. Those familiar - with Winamp will find - XMMS simple to use. - - The audio/mpg123 port is an alternative, - command-line MP3 player. - - mpg123 can be run by specifying - the sound device and the MP3 file on the command line, as - shown below: - - &prompt.root; mpg123 -a /dev/dsp1.0 Foobar-GreatestHits.mp3 -High Performance MPEG 1.0/2.0/2.5 Audio Player for Layer 1, 2 and 3. -Version 0.59r (1999/Jun/15). Written and copyrights by Michael Hipp. -Uses code from various people. See 'README' for more! -THIS SOFTWARE COMES WITH ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY! USE AT YOUR OWN RISK! - - - - - -Playing MPEG stream from BT - Foobar-GreastHits.mp3 ... -MPEG 1.0 layer III, 128 kbit/s, 44100 Hz joint-stereo - - - /dev/dsp1.0 should be replaced with the - dsp device entry on your system. - - - - - Ripping CD Audio Tracks - - Before encoding a CD or CD track to MP3, the audio data on - the CD must be ripped onto the hard drive. This is done by - copying the raw CDDA (CD Digital Audio) data to WAV - files. - - The cdda2wav tool, which is a part of - the sysutils/cdrtools suite, is used for ripping - audio information of CDs and the information associated with - it. - - With the audio CD in the drive, the following command can - be issued (as root) to rip an entire CD - into individual (per track) WAV files: - - &prompt.root; cdda2wav -D 0,1,0 -B - - The - indicates the SCSI device 0,1,0, - which corresponds to the output of cdrecord - -scanbus. - - To rip individual tracks, make use of the - option as shown: - - &prompt.root; cdda2wav -D 0,1,0 -t 7 - - This example rips track seven of the audio CDROM. To rip - a range of tracks, for example, track one to seven, specify a - range: - - &prompt.root; cdda2wav -D 0,1,0 -t 1+7 - - cdda2wav will also support - ATAPI (IDE) CDROM drives. To rip from an IDE drive, specify - the device name in place of the SCSI unit numbers. For - example, to rip track 7 from an IDE drive: - - &prompt.root; cdda2wav -D /dev/acd0a -t 7 - - - - - Encoding MP3s - - Nowadays, the mp3 encoder of choice is - lame. - Lame can be found at - audio/lame in the ports tree. - - Using the ripped WAV files, the following command will - convert audio01.wav to - audio01.mp3: - - &prompt.root; lame -h -b 128 \ ---tt "Foo Song Title" \ ---ta "FooBar Artist" \ ---tl "FooBar Album" \ ---ty "2001" \ ---tc "Ripped and encoded by Foo" \ ---tg "Genre" \ -audio01.wav audio01.mp3 - - 128 kbits seems to be the standard MP3 bitrate in use. - Many enjoy the higher quality 160, or 192. The higher the - bitrate, the more disk space the resulting MP3 will - consume--but the quality will be higher. The - option turns on the higher quality - but a little slower mode. The options beginning with - indicate ID3 tags, which usually contain - song information, to be embedded within the MP3 file. - Additional encoding options can be found by consulting the - lame manual page. - - - - Decoding MP3s - - In order to burn an audio CD from MP3s, they must be - converted to a non-compressed WAV format. Both - XMMS and - mpg123 support the output of MP3 to - an uncompressed file format. - - Writing to Disk in XMMS: - - - - Launch XMMS. - - - - Right-click on the window to bring up the - XMMS menu. - - - - Select Preference under - Options. - - - - Change the Output Plugin to Disk Writer - Plugin. - - - - Press Configure. - - - - Enter (or choose browse) a directory to write the - uncompressed files to. - - - - Load the MP3 file into XMMS - as usual, with volume at 100% and EQ settings turned - off. - - - - Press Play — - XMMS will appear as if it is - playing the MP3, but no music will be heard. It is - actually playing the MP3 to a file. - - - - Be sure to set the default Output Plugin back to what - it was before in order to listen to MP3s again. - - - - Writing to stdout in mpg123: - - - - Run mpg123 -s audio01.mp3 - > audio01.pcm - - - - XMMS writes a file in the WAV - format, while mpg123 converts the - MP3 into raw PCM audio data. Both of these formats can be - used with cdrecord or - burncd to create audio - CDROMs. - - Read for more information on using a - CD burner in FreeBSD. - - -