diff --git a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/multimedia/chapter.sgml b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/multimedia/chapter.sgml
index c6456fe25a..5c29bdf292 100644
--- a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/multimedia/chapter.sgml
+++ b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/multimedia/chapter.sgml
@@ -1,336 +1,373 @@
- Sound
+
+
+
+ Moses
+ Moore
+ Contributed
+
+
+
+
- Contributed by Moses Moore
- jm-moses@home.com, 20 November 2000.
+ SoundSynopsis
- This chapter of the handbook deals with setting up sound on a
- FreeBSD system.
+ FreeBSD supports a wide variety of sound cards, allowing you
+ to enjoy high fidelity output from your computer. This includes
+ the ability to record and playback audio in the MPEG Audio Layer
+ 3 (MP3), WAV, and Ogg Vorbis formats as well as many other
+ formats. The FreeBSD Ports Collection also contains
+ applications allowing you to edit your recorded audio, add sound
+ effects, and control attached MIDI devices.
+
+
+
+ After reading this chapter you will know how to :
+
+ Find your sound card.
+ Configure your system so that your sound card is
+ recognized.
+ Test that your card is working using
+ sample applications.
+ Troubleshoot your sound setup.
+
+
+ Before reading this chapter, you should be comfortable doing
+ the following :
+
+
+ Installing and configuring a new kernel ()
+
+
+
Locating the Correct DevicePCIISAsound cardsBefore you begin, you should know the model of the card you
have, the chip it uses, and whether it is a PCI or ISA card.
FreeBSD supports a wide variety of both PCI and ISA cards. If you
do not see your card in the following list, check the &man.pcm.4;
manual page. This is not a complete list; however, it does list
some of the most common cards.Crystal 4237, 4236, 4232, 4231Yamaha OPL-SAxOPTi931Ensoniq AudioPCI 1370/1371ESS Solo-1/1ENeoMagic 256AV/ZXSound Blaster Pro, 16, 32, AWE64, AWE128, LiveCreative ViBRA16Advanced Asound 100, 110, and Logic ALS120ES 1868, 1869, 1879, 1888Gravis UltraSoundAureal Vortex 1 or 2kernelconfigurationThe driver you use in your kernel depends on the kind of card
you have. The sections below provide more information and what
you will need to add to your kernel
configuration.Creative, Advance, and ESS Sound CardsIf you have one of the above cards, you will need to
adddevice pcmto your kernel. If you have a PnP ISA card, you will also
need to adddevice sbcto your kernel. For a non-PnP ISA card, adddevice pcmanddevice sbc0 at isa? port0x220 irq 5 drq 1 flags 0x15to your kernel. Those are the default settings. You may
need to change the IRQ, etc. See the &man.sbc.4; man page for
more information.The Sound Blaster Live is not supported under FreeBSD 4.0
without a patch, which this document will not cover. It is
recommended that you update to the latest -STABLE before
trying to use this card.Gravis UltraSound CardsFor a PnP ISA card, you will need to adddevice pcmanddevice guscto your kernel. If you have a non-PnP ISA card, you will
need to adddevice pcmanddevice gus0 at isa? port 0x220 irq 5 drq 1 flags 0x13to your kernel. You may need to change the IRQ, etc. See
the &man.gusc.4; man page for more information.Crystal Sound CardsFor Crystal cards, you will need bothdevice pcmanddevice csain your kernel.Generic SupportFor PnP ISA or PCI cards, you will need to adddevice pcmto your kernel configuration. If you have a non-PnP ISA
sound card that does not have a bridge driver, you will need
to adddevice pcm0 at isa? irq 10 drq 1 flags 0x0to your kernel configuration. You may need to change the
IRQ, etc., to match your hardware configuration.Recompiling the KernelAfter adding the driver(s) you need to your kernel
configuration, you will need to recompile your kernel. Please see
of the handbook for
more information.Creating and Testing the Device Nodesdevice nodesAfter you reboot, log in and run cat
/dev/sndstat. You should see output similar to the
following:FreeBSD Audio Driver (newpcm) Sep 21 2000 18:29:53
Installed devices:
pcm0: <Aureal Vortex 8830> at memory 0xfeb40000 irq 5 (4p/1r +channels duplex)If you see an error message, something went wrong earlier. If
that happens, go through your kernel configuration file again and
make sure you chose the correct device.If it reported no errors and returned
pcm0, su to
root and do the following:&prompt.root; cd /dev
&prompt.root; sh MAKEDEV snd0If it reported no errors and returned
pcm1, su to
root and do the following:&prompt.root; cd /dev
&prompt.root; sh MAKEDEV snd1Please note that either of the above commands will
not create a
/dev/snd device! Instead it creates a
group of device nodes including:DeviceDescription/dev/audioSPARC-compatible audio device/dev/dspDigitized voice device/dev/dspWLike /dev/dsp, but 16 bits
per sample/dev/midiRaw midi access device/dev/mixerControl port mixer device/dev/musicLevel 2 sequencer interface/dev/sequencerSequencer device/dev/pssProgrammable device interfaceIf all goes well, you should now have a functioning sound
card. If you do not, see the next section.Common Problemsdevice nodeI get an unsupported subdevice XX error!One or more of the device nodes wasn't created
correctly. Repeat the steps above.I/O portI get a sb_dspwr(XX) timed out error!The I/O port is not set correctly.IRQI get a bad irq XX error!The IRQ is set incorrectly. Make sure that the set IRQ
and the sound IRQ are the same.I get a xxx: gus pcm not attached, out of
memory
error. What causes that?If this happens, it is because there is not enough
available memory to use the device.
diff --git a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/sound/chapter.sgml b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/sound/chapter.sgml
index c6456fe25a..5c29bdf292 100644
--- a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/sound/chapter.sgml
+++ b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/sound/chapter.sgml
@@ -1,336 +1,373 @@
- Sound
+
+
+
+ Moses
+ Moore
+ Contributed
+
+
+
+
- Contributed by Moses Moore
- jm-moses@home.com, 20 November 2000.
+ SoundSynopsis
- This chapter of the handbook deals with setting up sound on a
- FreeBSD system.
+ FreeBSD supports a wide variety of sound cards, allowing you
+ to enjoy high fidelity output from your computer. This includes
+ the ability to record and playback audio in the MPEG Audio Layer
+ 3 (MP3), WAV, and Ogg Vorbis formats as well as many other
+ formats. The FreeBSD Ports Collection also contains
+ applications allowing you to edit your recorded audio, add sound
+ effects, and control attached MIDI devices.
+
+
+
+ After reading this chapter you will know how to :
+
+ Find your sound card.
+ Configure your system so that your sound card is
+ recognized.
+ Test that your card is working using
+ sample applications.
+ Troubleshoot your sound setup.
+
+
+ Before reading this chapter, you should be comfortable doing
+ the following :
+
+
+ Installing and configuring a new kernel ()
+
+
+
Locating the Correct DevicePCIISAsound cardsBefore you begin, you should know the model of the card you
have, the chip it uses, and whether it is a PCI or ISA card.
FreeBSD supports a wide variety of both PCI and ISA cards. If you
do not see your card in the following list, check the &man.pcm.4;
manual page. This is not a complete list; however, it does list
some of the most common cards.Crystal 4237, 4236, 4232, 4231Yamaha OPL-SAxOPTi931Ensoniq AudioPCI 1370/1371ESS Solo-1/1ENeoMagic 256AV/ZXSound Blaster Pro, 16, 32, AWE64, AWE128, LiveCreative ViBRA16Advanced Asound 100, 110, and Logic ALS120ES 1868, 1869, 1879, 1888Gravis UltraSoundAureal Vortex 1 or 2kernelconfigurationThe driver you use in your kernel depends on the kind of card
you have. The sections below provide more information and what
you will need to add to your kernel
configuration.Creative, Advance, and ESS Sound CardsIf you have one of the above cards, you will need to
adddevice pcmto your kernel. If you have a PnP ISA card, you will also
need to adddevice sbcto your kernel. For a non-PnP ISA card, adddevice pcmanddevice sbc0 at isa? port0x220 irq 5 drq 1 flags 0x15to your kernel. Those are the default settings. You may
need to change the IRQ, etc. See the &man.sbc.4; man page for
more information.The Sound Blaster Live is not supported under FreeBSD 4.0
without a patch, which this document will not cover. It is
recommended that you update to the latest -STABLE before
trying to use this card.Gravis UltraSound CardsFor a PnP ISA card, you will need to adddevice pcmanddevice guscto your kernel. If you have a non-PnP ISA card, you will
need to adddevice pcmanddevice gus0 at isa? port 0x220 irq 5 drq 1 flags 0x13to your kernel. You may need to change the IRQ, etc. See
the &man.gusc.4; man page for more information.Crystal Sound CardsFor Crystal cards, you will need bothdevice pcmanddevice csain your kernel.Generic SupportFor PnP ISA or PCI cards, you will need to adddevice pcmto your kernel configuration. If you have a non-PnP ISA
sound card that does not have a bridge driver, you will need
to adddevice pcm0 at isa? irq 10 drq 1 flags 0x0to your kernel configuration. You may need to change the
IRQ, etc., to match your hardware configuration.Recompiling the KernelAfter adding the driver(s) you need to your kernel
configuration, you will need to recompile your kernel. Please see
of the handbook for
more information.Creating and Testing the Device Nodesdevice nodesAfter you reboot, log in and run cat
/dev/sndstat. You should see output similar to the
following:FreeBSD Audio Driver (newpcm) Sep 21 2000 18:29:53
Installed devices:
pcm0: <Aureal Vortex 8830> at memory 0xfeb40000 irq 5 (4p/1r +channels duplex)If you see an error message, something went wrong earlier. If
that happens, go through your kernel configuration file again and
make sure you chose the correct device.If it reported no errors and returned
pcm0, su to
root and do the following:&prompt.root; cd /dev
&prompt.root; sh MAKEDEV snd0If it reported no errors and returned
pcm1, su to
root and do the following:&prompt.root; cd /dev
&prompt.root; sh MAKEDEV snd1Please note that either of the above commands will
not create a
/dev/snd device! Instead it creates a
group of device nodes including:DeviceDescription/dev/audioSPARC-compatible audio device/dev/dspDigitized voice device/dev/dspWLike /dev/dsp, but 16 bits
per sample/dev/midiRaw midi access device/dev/mixerControl port mixer device/dev/musicLevel 2 sequencer interface/dev/sequencerSequencer device/dev/pssProgrammable device interfaceIf all goes well, you should now have a functioning sound
card. If you do not, see the next section.Common Problemsdevice nodeI get an unsupported subdevice XX error!One or more of the device nodes wasn't created
correctly. Repeat the steps above.I/O portI get a sb_dspwr(XX) timed out error!The I/O port is not set correctly.IRQI get a bad irq XX error!The IRQ is set incorrectly. Make sure that the set IRQ
and the sound IRQ are the same.I get a xxx: gus pcm not attached, out of
memory
error. What causes that?If this happens, it is because there is not enough
available memory to use the device.