diff --git a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/desktop/chapter.sgml b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/desktop/chapter.sgml index b4b536f86a..e309f5d282 100644 --- a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/desktop/chapter.sgml +++ b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/desktop/chapter.sgml @@ -1,1144 +1,1157 @@ Christophe Juniet Contributed by Desktop Applications Synopsis FreeBSD can run a wide variety of desktop applications, such as browsers and word processors. Most of these are available as packages or can be automatically built from the ports collection. Many new users expect to find these kinds of applications on their desktop. This chapter will show you how to install some popular desktop applications effortlessly, either from their packages or from the ports collection. Note that when installing programs from the ports, they are compiled from source. This can take a very long time, depending on what you are compiling and the processing power of your machine(s). If building from source takes a prohibitively long amount of time for you, you can install most of the programs of the ports collection from pre-built packages. As FreeBSD features Linux binary compatibility, many applications originally developed for Linux are available for your desktop. It is strongly recommended that you read before installing any of the Linux applications. Many of the ports using the Linux binary compatibility start with linux-. Remember this when you search for a particular port, for instance with &man.whereis.1;. In the following text, it is assumed that you have enabled Linux binary compatibility before installing any of the Linux applications. Here are the categories covered by this chapter: Browsers (such as Mozilla, Netscape, Opera) Productivity (such as KOffice, AbiWord, The GIMP, OpenOffice.org) Document Viewers (such as Acrobat Reader, gv, Xpdf, GQview) Finance (such as GnuCash, Gnumeric, Abacus) Before reading this chapter, you should: Know how to install additional third-party software (). Know how to install additional Linux software (). For information on how to get a multimedia environment, read . If you want to setup and use electronic mail, please refer to . Browsers FreeBSD does not come with a particular browser pre-installed. Instead, the www directory of the ports collection contains a lot of browsers ready to be installed. If you do not have time to compile everything (this can take a very long time in some cases) many of them are available as packages. KDE and GNOME already provide HTML browsers. Please refer to for more information on how to setup these complete desktops. If you are looking for light-weight browsers, you should investigate the ports collection for www/dillo, www/links, or www/w3m. This section covers these applications: Application Name Resources Needed Installation from Ports Major Dependencies Mozilla heavy heavy Gtk+ Netscape heavy light Linux Binary Compatibility Opera light light - Linux Binary Compatibility and + FreeBSD version: None. Linux version: Linux Binary Compatibility and linux-openmotif Mozilla Mozilla Mozilla is perhaps the most suitable browser for your FreeBSD Desktop. It is modern, stable, and fully ported to FreeBSD. It features a very standards-compliant HTML display engine. It provides a mail and news reader. It even has a HTML composer if you plan to write some web pages yourself. Users of Netscape will recognize the similarities with Communicator suite, as both browsers shared the same basis. On slow machines, with a CPU speed less than 233MHz or with less than 64MB of RAM, Mozilla can be too resource-consuming to be fully usable. You may want to look at the Opera browser instead, described a little later in this chapter. If you cannot or do not want to compile Mozilla for any reason, the FreeBSD GNOME team has already done this for you. Just install the package from the network by: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r mozilla If the package is not available, and you have enough time and disk space, you can get the source for Mozilla, compile it and install it on your system. This is accomplished by: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/www/mozilla &prompt.root; make install clean The Mozilla port ensures a correct initialization by running the chrome registry setup with root privileges. However, if you want to fetch some add-ons like mouse gestures, you must run Mozilla as root to get them properly installed. Once you have completed the installation of Mozilla, you do not need to be root any longer. You can start Mozilla as a browser by typing: &prompt.user; mozilla You can start it directly as a mail and news reader as shown below: &prompt.user; mozilla -mail Tom Rhodes Contributed by Mozilla, Java, and Shockwave Flash Installing Mozilla is simple, but unfortunately installing Mozilla with support for things like java and Shockwave Flash consumes both time and disk space. The first thing is to download the files which will be used with Mozilla. Take your current web browser up to http://www.sun.com/software/java2/download.html and create an account on their website. Remember to save the username and password from here as it may be needed in the future. Download a copy of the file j2sdk-1_3_1-src.tar.gz and place this in /usr/ports/distfiles/ as the port will not fetch it automatically. This is due to license restrictions. While we are here, open the java environment from http://java.sun.com/webapps/download/Display?BundleId=7163. The filename is j2sdk-1_3_1_06-linux-i586.bin and is large (about 25 megabytes!). Like before, this file must be placed into /usr/ports/distfiles/. Finally download a copy of the java patchkit from http://www.eyesbeyond.com/freebsddom/java/ and place it into /usr/ports/distfiles/. Install the java/jdk13 port with the standard make install clean and then install the www/flashpluginwrapper port. This port requires emulators/linux_base which is a large port. True that other flash plugins exist, however they have not worked for me. Now copy the flash plug-in files with: &prompt.root; cp /usr/local/lib/flash/libflashplayer.so \ /usr/X11R6/lib/mozilla/plugins/libflashplayer_linux.so &prompt.root; cp /usr/local/lib/flash/ShockwaveFlash.class \ /usr/X11R6/lib/mozilla/plugins/ If you are using www/mozilla-devel, the destination directories will be different. Now add the following lines to the top of (but right under #!/bin/sh) Mozilla startup script: /usr/X11R6/bin/mozilla. LD_PRELOAD=/usr/local/lib/libflashplayer.so.1 export LD_PRELOAD This will enable the flash plug-in. Install the www/mozilla port, if Mozilla is already installed then just start it with: &prompt.user; mozilla & And access the About Plug-ins option from the Help menu. A list should appear with all the currently available plugins. java and shockwave flash should both be listed. Netscape Netscape The ports collection contains several versions of the Netscape browser. Since the native FreeBSD ones contain a serious security bug, installing them is strongly discouraged. Instead, use a more recent Linux or DIGITAL UNIX version. The latest stable release of the Netscape browser is Netscape 6. It can be installed from the ports collection: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/www/linux-netscape6 &prompt.root; make install clean There are localized versions in the French, German, and Japanese categories. Netscape 4.x versions are not recommended because they are not compliant with today's standards. However, Netscape 6.x and newer versions are only available for the i386 platform. Opera Opera Opera is a very fast, full-featured, and standards-compliant browser. It comes in - two versions: one which displays advertising and one which - costs money. You can buy an ad-free version on the Opera web site. It is - released for Linux but runs flawlessly on FreeBSD. - - To browse the Web with Opera, + two favors: a native FreeBSD version and a + version that runs under Linux emulation. + For each operating system, there is a no-cost version of the + browser that displays advertising and an ad-free + version that can be purchased on the Opera web site. + + To browse the Web with the FreeBSD version of Opera, install the package: - &prompt.root; pkg_add -r linux-opera + &prompt.root; pkg_add -r opera Some FTP sites do not have all the packages, but the same result can be obtained with the ports collection by typing: - &prompt.root; cd /usr/port/www/linux-opera + &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/www/opera &prompt.root; make install clean + + To install the Linux version of + Opera, substitute + linux-opera in place of + opera in the examples above. The Linux + version is useful in situations requiring the use of plug-ins + that are only available for Linux, such as Adobe + Acrobat Reader. In all other respects, the + FreeBSD and Linux versions appear to be functionally + identical. + Productivity When it comes to productivity, new users often look for a good office suite or a friendly word processor. While some desktop environments like KDE already provide an office suite, there is no default application. FreeBSD provides all that is needed, regardless of your desktop environment. This section covers these applications: Application Name Resources Needed Installation from Ports Major Dependencies KOffice light heavy KDE AbiWord light light Gtk+ or GNOME The Gimp light heavy Gtk+ OpenOffice.org heavy huge GCC 3.1, JDK 1.3, Mozilla KOffice KOffice office suite KOffice The KDE community has provided its desktop environment with an office suite which can be used outside KDE. It includes the four standard components that can be found in other office suites. KWord is the word processor, KSpread is the spreadsheet program, KPresenter manages slide presentations, and Kontour lets you draw graphical documents. Before installing the latest KOffice, make sure you have an up-to-date version of KDE. To install KOffice as a package, issue the following command: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r koffice If the package is not available, you can use the ports collection. For instance, to install KOffice for KDE3, do: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/editors/koffice-kde3 &prompt.root; make install clean AbiWord AbiWord AbiWord is a free word processing program similar in look and feel to Microsoft Word. It is suitable for typing papers, letters, reports, memos, and so forth. It is very fast, contains many features, and is very user-friendly. AbiWord can import or export many file formats, including some proprietary ones like Microsoft .doc. AbiWord is available as a package. You can install it by: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r AbiWord-gnome If the package is not available, it can be compiled from the ports collection. The ports collection should be more up to date. It can be done as follows: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/editors/AbiWord &prompt.root; make install clean The GIMP The GIMP For image authoring or picture retouching, The GIMP is a very sophisticated image manipulation program. It can be used as a simple paint program or as a quality photo retouching suite. It supports a large number of plug-ins and features a scripting interface. The GIMP can read and write a wide range of file formats. It supports interfaces with scanners and tablets. You can install the package by issuing this command: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r gimp If your FTP site does not have this package, you can use the ports collection. The graphics directory of the ports collection also contains The Gimp Manual. Here is how to get them installed: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/graphics/gimp1 &prompt.root; make install clean &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/graphics/gimp-manual-pdf &prompt.root; make install clean The graphics directory of the ports collection holds the development version of The GIMP in graphics/gimp-devel. HTML and PostScript versions of The Gimp Manual are in graphics/gimp-manual-html and graphics/gimp-manual-ps. OpenOffice.org OpenOffice.org office suite OpenOffice.org OpenOffice.org includes all of the mandatory applications in a complete office productivity suite: a word processor, a spreadsheet, a presentation manager, and a drawing program. Its user interface is very similar to other office suites, and it can import and export in various popular file formats. It is available in a number of different languages including interfaces, spell checkers, and dictionaries. The word processor of OpenOffice.org uses a native XML file format for increased portability and flexibility. The spreadsheet program features a macro language and it can be interfaced with external databases. OpenOffice.org is already stable and runs natively on Windows, Solaris, and Linux. The FreeBSD and Mac OS X ports are almost complete. More information about OpenOffice.org can be found on the OpenOffice web site. To install OpenOffice.org, do: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r openoffice Once the package is installed, you must run the setup program and choose a . Run this command as the user who will use OpenOffice.org: &prompt.user; openoffice-setup If the OpenOffice.org packages are not available, you still have the option to compile the port. However, you must bear in mind that it requires a lot of disk space and a fairly long time to compile. &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/editors/openoffice &prompt.root; make install clean Once this is done, run the setup as the user who will use OpenOffice.org and choose a by: &prompt.user; cd /usr/ports/editors/openoffice &prompt.user; make install-user If you want to use a localized version, here are the available ports: Language Port Arabic editors/openoffice-ar Danish editors/openoffice-dk Spanish editors/openoffice-es Greek editors/openoffice-gr Italian editors/openoffice-it Dutch editors/openoffice-nl Polish editors/openoffice-pl Portuguese editors/openoffice-pt Swedish editors/openoffice-se Turkish editors/openoffice-tr French french/openoffice German german/openoffice Japanese japanese/openoffice Korean korean/openoffice Russian russian/openoffice Document Viewers Some new document formats have recently gained popularity. The standard viewers they require may not be available in the base system. We will see how to install them in this section. This section covers these applications: Application Name Resources Needed Installation from Ports Major Dependencies Acrobat Reader light light Linux Binary Compatibility gv light light Xaw3d Xpdf light light FreeType GQview light light Gtk+ or GNOME Acrobat Reader Acrobat Reader PDF viewing Many documents are now distributed as PDF files, which stands for Portable Document Format. One of the recommended viewers for these types of files is Acrobat Reader, released by Adobe for Linux. As FreeBSD can run Linux binaries, it is also available for FreeBSD. To install the Acrobat Reader 5 package, do: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r acroread5 As usual, if the package is not available or you want the latest version, you can use the ports collection as well: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/print/acroread5 &prompt.root; make install clean Acrobat Reader is available in several different versions. At this time of writing, there are: print/acroread (version 3.0.2), print/acroread4 (version 4.0.5), and print/acroread5 (version 5.0.6). They may not all have been packaged for your version of FreeBSD. The ports collection will always contain the latest versions. gv gv PDF viewing PostScript viewing gv is a PostScript and PDF viewer. It is originally based on ghostview but it has a nicer look thanks to the Xaw3d library. It is fast and its interface is clean. gv has many features like orientation, paper size, scale, or antialias. Almost any operation can be done either from the keyboard or the mouse. To install gv as a package, do: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r gv If you cannot get the package, you can use the ports collection: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/print/gv &prompt.root; make install clean Xpdf Xpdf PDF viewing If you want a small FreeBSD PDF viewer, Xpdf is a light-weight and efficient viewer. It requires very few resources and is very stable. It uses the standard X fonts and does not require Motif or any other X toolkit. To install the Xpdf package, issue this command: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r xpdf If the package is not available or you prefer to use the ports collection, do: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/graphics/xpdf &prompt.root; make install clean Once the installation is complete, you can launch Xpdf and use the right mouse button to activate the menu. GQview GQview GQview is an image manager. You can view a file with a single click, launch an external editor, get thumbnail previews, and much more. It also features a slideshow mode and some basic file operations. You can manage image collections and easily find duplicates. GQview can do full screen viewing and supports internationalization. If you want to install the GQview package, do: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r gqview If the package is not available or you prefer to use the ports collection, do: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/graphics/gqview &prompt.root; make install clean Finance If, for any reason, you would like to manage your personal finances on your FreeBSD Desktop, there are some powerful and easy to use applications ready to be installed. Some of them are compatible with widespread file formats like those of Quicken or Excel documents. This section covers these applications: Application Name Resources Needed Installation from Ports Major Dependencies GnuCash light heavy GNOME Gnumeric light heavy GNOME Abacus light light Tcl/Tk GnuCash GnuCash GnuCash is part of the GNOME effort to provide user-friendly yet powerful applications to end-users. With GnuCash, you can keep track of your income and expenses, your bank accounts, or your stocks. It features an intuitive interface while remaining very professional. GnuCash provides a smart register, a hierarchical system of accounts, many keyboard accelerators and auto-completion methods. It can split a single transaction into several more detailed pieces. GnuCash can import and merge Quicken QIF files. It also handles most international date and currency formats. To install GnuCash on your system, do: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r gnucash If the package is not available, you can use the ports collection: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/deskutils/gnucash &prompt.root; make install clean Gnumeric Gnumeric spreadsheet Gnumeric Gnumeric is a spreadsheet, part of the GNOME desktop environment. It features convenient automatic guessing of user input according to the cell format and an autofill system for many sequences. It can import files in a number of popular formats like those of Excel, Lotus 1-2-3, or Quattro Pro. Gnumeric supports graphs through the math/guppi graphing program. It has a large number of built-in functions and allows all of the usual cell formats such as number, currency, date, time, and much more. To install Gnumeric as a package, type in: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r gnumeric If the package is not available, you can use the ports collection by doing: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/math/gnumeric &prompt.root; make install clean Abacus Abacus spreadsheet Abacus Abacus is a small and easy to use spreadsheet. It includes many built-in functions useful in several domains such as statistics, finances, and mathematics. It can import and export the Excel file format. Abacus can produce PostScript output. To install Abacus from its package, do: &prompt.root; pkg_add -r abacus If the package is not available, you can use the ports collection by doing: &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/deskutils/abacus &prompt.root; make install clean Summary While FreeBSD is popular among ISPs for its performance and stability, it is quite ready for day-to-day use as a desktop. With several thousand applications available as packages or ports, you can build a perfect desktop that suits all your needs. Once you have achieved the installation of your desktop, you may want to go one step further with misc/instant-workstation. This meta-port allows you to build a typical set of ports for a workstation. You can customize it by editing /usr/ports/misc/instant-workstation/Makefile. Follow the syntax used for the default set to add or remove ports, and build it with the usual procedure. Eventually, you will be able to create a big package that corresponds to your very own desktop and install it to your other workstations! Here is a quick review of all the desktop applications covered in this chapter: Application Name Package Name Ports Name Mozilla mozilla www/mozilla Netscape linux-netscape6 www/linux-netscape6 Opera linux-opera www/linux-opera KOffice koffice-kde3 editors/koffice-kde3 AbiWord AbiWord-gnome editors/AbiWord The GIMP gimp graphics/gimp1 OpenOffice.org openoffice editors/openoffice Acrobat Reader acroread5 print/acroread5 gv gv print/gv Xpdf xpdf graphics/xpdf GQview gqview graphics/gqview GnuCash gnucash deskutils/gnucash Gnumeric gnumeric math/gnumeric Abacus abacus deskutils/abacus