sysctl: implement debug.kdb.panic_str

This is just like debug.kdb.panic, except the string that's passed in
is reported in the panic message. This allows people with automated
systems to collect kernel panics over a large fleet of machines to
flag panics better. Strings like "Warner look at this hang" or "see
JIRA ABC-1234 for details" allow these automated systems to route the
forced panic to the appropriate engineers like you can with other
types of panics. Other users are likely possible.

Relnotes: Yes
Sponsored by: Netflix
Reviewed by: allanjude (earlier version)
Suggestions from review folded in by: 0mp, emaste, lwhsu
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D28041