diff --git a/documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc --- a/documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ [TIP] ==== -Consider using crossref:virtualization[virtualization,virtualization] if you want to use FreeBSD on a system that already has another operating system installed. +Consider using <> if you want to use FreeBSD on a system that already has another operating system installed. ==== Before moving on to the installation, check that the system is ready by verifying the items in this checklist: @@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ If all of the primary or GPT partitions are already in use, one must be freed for FreeBSD. To create a partition without deleting existing data, use a partition resizing tool to shrink an existing partition and create a new partition using the freed space. + -An alternative to modifying the system's existing disk partitions is to use crossref:virtualization[virtualization,virtualization], which allows multiple operating systems to run at the same time without having to alter partitions. +An alternative to modifying the system's existing disk partitions is to use <>, which allows multiple operating systems to run at the same time without having to alter partitions. + A variety of free and commercial partition resizing tools are listed at link:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_disk_partitioning_software[List of disk partitioning software wikipedia entry]. link:https://gparted.org/livecd.php[GParted Live] is a free live CD which includes the GParted partition editor. @@ -297,8 +297,8 @@ The following options are available. * `Boot Multi User`: This will continue the FreeBSD boot process. If the boot timer has been paused, press kbd:[1], upper- or lower-case kbd:[B], or kbd:[Enter]. -* `Boot Single User`: This mode can be used to fix an existing FreeBSD installation as described in crossref:boot[boot-singleuser,“Single-User Mode”]. Press kbd:[2] or the upper- or lower-case kbd:[S] to enter this mode. -* `Escape to loader prompt`: This will boot the system into a repair prompt that contains a limited number of low-level commands. This prompt is described in crossref:boot[boot-loader,“Stage Three”]. Press kbd:[3] or kbd:[Esc] to boot into this prompt. +* `Boot Single User`: This mode can be used to fix an existing FreeBSD installation as described in <>. Press kbd:[2] or the upper- or lower-case kbd:[S] to enter this mode. +* `Escape to loader prompt`: This will boot the system into a repair prompt that contains a limited number of low-level commands. This prompt is described in <>. Press kbd:[3] or kbd:[Esc] to boot into this prompt. * `Reboot`: Reboots the system. * `Cons`: Allow to continue the installation by `video`, `serial`, `Dual (serial primary)` or `Dual (Video primary)` * `Kernel`: Loads a different kernel. @@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ * `ACPI Support`: If the system hangs during boot, try toggling this option to `Off`. This option is only present when ACPI support is available but not required. * `Safe Mode`: If the system still hangs during boot even with `ACPI Support` set to `Off`, try setting this option to `On`. -* `Single User`: Toggle this option to `On` to fix an existing FreeBSD installation as described in crossref:boot[boot-singleuser,“Single-User Mode”]. Once the problem is fixed, set it back to `Off`. +* `Single User`: Toggle this option to `On` to fix an existing FreeBSD installation as described in <>. Once the problem is fixed, set it back to `Off`. * `Verbose`: Toggle this option to `On` to see more detailed messages during the boot process. This can be useful when troubleshooting a piece of hardware. After making the needed selections, press kbd:[1] or kbd:[Backspace] to return to the main boot menu, then press kbd:[Enter] to continue booting into FreeBSD. @@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ * `kernel-dbg` - Kernel and modules with debug symbols activated. * `lib32-dbg` - Compatibility libraries for running 32-bit applications on a 64-bit version of FreeBSD with debug symbols activated. * `lib32` - Compatibility libraries for running 32-bit applications on a 64-bit version of FreeBSD. -* `ports` - The FreeBSD Ports Collection is a collection of files which automates the downloading, compiling and installation of third-party software packages. crossref:ports[ports,Installing Applications: Packages and Ports] discusses how to use the Ports Collection. +* `ports` - <> is a collection of files which automates the downloading, compiling and installation of third-party software packages. + [WARNING] ==== @@ -598,7 +598,7 @@ * `freebsd-boot` or `efi` - Holds the FreeBSD boot code. * `freebsd-ufs` - A FreeBSD UFS file system. -* `freebsd-zfs` - A FreeBSD ZFS file system. More information about ZFS is available in crossref:zfs[zfs,The Z File System (ZFS)]. +* `freebsd-zfs` - A FreeBSD ZFS file system. More information about ZFS is available in <>. * `freebsd-swap` - FreeBSD swap space. Refer to man:gpart[8] for descriptions of the available GPT partition types. @@ -708,11 +708,11 @@ * `Disk Info` - This menu can be used to inspect each disk, including its partition table and various other information such as the device model number and serial number, if available. * `Pool Name` - Establish the name of the pool. The default name is _zroot_. * `Force 4K Sectors?` - Force the use of 4K sectors. By default, the installer will automatically create partitions aligned to 4K boundaries and force ZFS to use 4K sectors. This is safe even with 512 byte sector disks, and has the added benefit of ensuring that pools created on 512 byte disks will be able to have 4K sector disks added in the future, either as additional storage space or as replacements for failed disks. Press the kbd:[Enter] key to chose to activate it or not. -* `Encrypt Disks?` - Encrypting the disks allows the user to encrypt the disks using GELI. More information about disk encryption is available in crossref:disks[disks-encrypting-geli,“Disk Encryption with geli”]. Press the kbd:[Enter] key to choose whether to activate it or not. +* `Encrypt Disks?` - Encrypting the disks allows the user to encrypt the disks using GELI. More information about disk encryption is available in <>. Press the kbd:[Enter] key to choose whether to activate it or not. * `Partition Scheme` - Choose the partition scheme. GPT is the recommended option in most cases. Press the kbd:[Enter] key to chose between the different options. * `Swap Size` - Establish the amount of swap space. * `Mirror Swap?` - Whether to mirror the swap between the disks. Be aware that enabling mirror swap will break crash dumps. Press the kbd:[Enter] key to activate it or not. -* `Encrypt Swap?` - Whether to encrypt the swap. This will encrypt the swap with a temporary key each time the system boots, and discards it on reboot. Press the kbd:[Enter] key to choose to activate it or not. More information about swap encryption in crossref:disks[swap-encrypting,“Encrypting Swap”]. +* `Encrypt Swap?` - Whether to encrypt the swap. This will encrypt the swap with a temporary key each time the system boots, and discards it on reboot. Press the kbd:[Enter] key to choose to activate it or not. More information about swap encryption in <>. Select kbd:[T] to configure the `Pool Type` and the disk(s) that will constitute the pool. @@ -1078,7 +1078,7 @@ * `Login group` - The user's group. This is typically left blank to accept the default. * `Invite _user_ into other groups?` - Additional groups to which the user will be added as a member. If the user needs administrative access, type `wheel` here. * `Login class` - Typically left blank for the default. -* `Shell` - Type in one of the listed values to set the interactive shell for the user. Refer to crossref:basics[shells,Shells] for more information about shells. +* `Shell` - Type in one of the listed values to set the interactive shell for the user. Refer to <> for more information about shells. * `Home directory` - The user's home directory. The default is usually correct. * `Home directory permissions` - Permissions on the user's home directory. The default is usually correct. * `Use password-based authentication?` - Typically `yes` so that the user is prompted to input their password at login. @@ -1099,7 +1099,7 @@ If there are more users to add, answer the `Add another user?` question with `yes`. Enter `no` to finish adding users and continue the installation. -For more information on adding users and user management, see crossref:basics[users-synopsis,Users and Basic Account Management]. +For more information on adding users and user management, see <>. [[bsdinstall-final-conf]] === Final Configuration @@ -1143,7 +1143,7 @@ After the system finishes booting, a login prompt is displayed. At the `login:` prompt, enter the username added during the installation. Avoid logging in as `root`. -Refer to crossref:basics[users-superuser,The Superuser Account] for instructions on how to become the superuser when administrative access is needed. +Refer to <> for instructions on how to become the superuser when administrative access is needed. The messages that appear during boot can be reviewed by pressing kbd:[Scroll-Lock] to turn on the scroll-back buffer. The kbd:[PgUp], kbd:[PgDn], and arrow keys can be used to scroll back through the messages. @@ -1194,10 +1194,10 @@ Starting sshd. .... -Refer to crossref:security[openssh,"OpenSSH"] for more information about fingerprints and SSH. +Refer to <> for more information about fingerprints and SSH. FreeBSD does not install a graphical environment by default. -Refer to crossref:x11[x11,The X Window System] for more information about installing and configuring a graphical window manager. +Refer to <> or <> for more information about installing and configuring a graphical window manager. Proper shutdown of a FreeBSD computer helps protect data and hardware from damage. _Do not turn off the power before the system has been properly shut down!_ If the user is a member of the `wheel` group, become the superuser by typing `su` at the command line and entering the `root` password. @@ -1231,7 +1231,7 @@ .... This is reset each time the system is booted, so it is necessary to add `hint.acpi.0.disabled="1"` to the file `/boot/loader.conf`. -More information about the boot loader can be found in crossref:boot[boot-synopsis,“Synopsis”]. +More information about the boot loader can be found in <>. [[using-live-cd]] == Using the Live CD