handbook/config: Add section on configuring IPv6

[debdrup]

Summary

Since the IPv6 implementation is a quarter century in the making,
it's time for the FreeBSD handbook to catch up and document how to do
this outside of bsdinstall.

Submitted by: phk (earlier version)
PR: 253453

[thj]

documentation/content/en/books/handbook/config/_index.adoc

418

I think this and the one below for v6 should be "Network Interface" rather than card

519

IPv6 configuration is separated from IPv4 configuration in [.filename]#/etc/rc.conf# IPv4 configuration is unaffected by IPv6.

519

536

This is not helpful language.

Here you should explain how to restart networking without a reboot. Sadly there is not a v6 only service restart netif.

Reboot should be suggested as a way to 'validate' the persisent config only

540

ping now has the -6 flag

563

565

567

which autoconfiguration protocol? A name will help people do more research and understand

569

591

593

594

please check that prefix is correct. I think ipv6 subnet is almost always wrong

596

598

delete

600

I am not sure about the advice in everything below this point.

I think it is an 'advanced' topic, the information in chapter 32.9 is clear and the resource I use when I have to manually setup v6.

https://docs.freebsd.org/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/network-ipv6.html

That chapter really isn't advanced networking, but that is a different review.

[freebsd_igalic.co]

first pass at a review

documentation/content/en/books/handbook/config/_index.adoc

540

ping6 has been merged into ping, so we should use ping -6 here, unless we want to be really daring and set ip6addrctl_policy=“ipv6_prefer"

591

drop obviously.

596

should this be:

Even if your ISP *supports* it

?

622

now we're using ie0 instead of ed0?
oh, this is for internal LAN.
maybe we should announce this on top, too

636

the does not -> that does not

[melifaro]

Thank you for your effort in updating the IPv6 parts of the runbook! It's awesome to have if refreshed.
Please see some comments inline.

documentation/content/en/books/handbook/config/_index.adoc

551

Didn't we deprecate ed? Maybe it's worth grabbing em as that's the common interface used in physical servers/VMs?

554

Maybe we can use mac documentation prefix 00-53-00 and IPv4 documentation prefix 192.0.2.0/24 to make it easier to grasp?

573

probably worth considering showing shortcut syntax (-6 instead of -f inet6) ?

593

Maybe we could consider laying out multiple approaches from IPv6 BCPs like RFC 7381 and explain how to configure them.
It will be up to the user to actually decide what approach suits best for him.

622

Probably worth considering em instead of ie (was the latter 10Mbit/s driver)?

[phk]

documentation/content/en/books/handbook/config/_index.adoc

593

That would be wonderful, I spent quite some time looking for precisely that kind of document, which is why I ended up doing this write-up.

622

Please see the Note at the bottom :-)

[phk]

I should add: I have absolutely no fine feelings about this text, feel free to beat it into any kind of shape you thing suits the project these days.

[debdrup]

Address feedback by multiple people

[debdrup]

documentation/content/en/books/handbook/config/_index.adoc

554

I changed the MAC prefix as requested, but since IPv4 and IPv6 configuration aren't really linked, I would prefer leaving the ellipsis for IPv4 as there's no way to know what blocks or VLSM is used.

593

This seems supplemental and can be added in a later commit by a subject matter domain expert (which I am not, despite 20-odd years of being a network admin), if and when a phrasing can be worked out.

600

Equivalent instructions aren't provided, so unless you're volunteering to move the instructions to that file, I'm happy to leave them as they are.

One advantage of this is also that this will match the expectations non-advanced users have about how IPv4 is configured (ie. where NAT is almost-ubiquitous.

622

I changed ed0 and ie0 to em0 and em1, because ed0 is deprecated and ie(4) has no manual page.

[bcr]

Avoid the use of you, with some suggestions on how to fix it.
I generally like the update, though. Thanks for writing it.

documentation/content/en/books/handbook/config/_index.adoc

519

s/all this/all of this/

524

We discourage the use of 'you', so you could write at the end: ... and the ISP routes to use.

554

Another use of 'you' here.

572

And 'you' again.
2001:db8:: will not appear here, but the assigned ISP's IPv6 prefix endpoint instead.

576

Some IPv6 routes are available now:

598

s/your/the/

600

s/your/the/

603

s/your/the/g

605

s/and if you follow/and when following/
s/and use random numbers/and random numbers are used/
s/you are/it is/
s/as you did//

618

/Your/This/

643

s/you used a different netmask for you internal network/a different netmask for the internal network is used/

669

Long sentence, probably better to split it in two to also kill the 'you':
(A bug in FreeBSD-12 prevents this from working. Enter the actual address ... on the em0 interface and change it in case the ISP changes...)

700

s/You do not need/There is no need/

[ceri]

documentation/content/en/books/handbook/config/_index.adoc

524

s/takes/take/

536

Do we also need to start rtsold? It doesn't seem to get started by the routing service.

570

man:rtsold[8]

613–618

What this is doing is really unclear. Could the text please explain that we're just trying to generate five random hex chars (and not use P through T, because they aren't)?

634

this

641

What?

645

configure