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libc: Use musl's O(n) memmem and strstr
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Authored by emaste on May 20 2015, 8:07 PM.
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Taken from musl commit cef0f289

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emaste retitled this revision from to libc: Use musl's O(n) memmem and strstr.
emaste updated this object.
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emaste added a reviewer: bapt.
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beside strange style, I would love it to come

Please also have a look at memchr/strchr :)

This revision is now accepted and ready to land.May 20 2015, 8:08 PM

I wondered if we should use a vendor branch for this, but suspect it's not worth doing so.

Is there anything blocking this?

emaste edited edge metadata.

Update man page to remove author entry, which is no longer true.

This revision now requires review to proceed.Jun 21 2015, 8:48 PM
ed added inline comments.
lib/libc/string/memmem.c
46

Would it be worth applying this strategy to 7 and 8-byte needles as well?

lib/libc/string/strstr.c
65

Using a shift table is an extension to the two-way algorithm. The original algorithm can be found on page 672 of this PDF: http://monge.univ-mlv.fr/~mac/Articles-PDF/CP-1991-jacm.pdf.

Using a shift table is awesome, because it allows us to achieve sub-linear running time for certain inputs, which is good. The only question that I have is what the advantage of this approach is for strstr(). There is no way we can get a sublinear running time in the first place.

Can we also use this for wcsstr()?

emaste added inline comments.
lib/libc/string/strstr.c
65

It looks like Rich explains what he did here: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3183582/what-is-the-fastest-substring-search-algorithm

I see a cheeky comment from @cem there too :-)

lib/libc/string/strstr.c
65

Ah, yes. A younger and even more foolish time :-).

emaste edited edge metadata.

Update history / author text.

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This revision is now accepted and ready to land.Jan 5 2016, 7:41 AM
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This revision now requires review to proceed.Jul 27 2016, 9:27 AM
emaste planned changes to this revision.EditedOct 3 2016, 5:15 PM

memmem has a bug with short needles, fixed in musl commit c718f9f.

What is the layout upstream? If we think we will adopt more things from musl (and given the fact that you've already had to pull in one commit from upstream), I think a vendor branch and sticking this in contrib/musl might be sensible.

Also, have you run any tests? For the SSE ones I've tried to write some simple tests (though not completely exhaustive). I haven't tried memem and strstr though, but perhaps they might serve as inspiration (one example below, but all of the little programs in this directory have a 'tests' mode):

https://github.com/bsdjhb/freebsd/blob/libc_sse/tools/tools/libcsse/memcmp/main.c#L134

In D2601#175710, @jhb wrote:

What is the layout upstream? If we think we will adopt more things from musl (and given the fact that you've already had to pull in one commit from upstream), I think a vendor branch and sticking this in contrib/musl might be sensible.

Even though I am looking at a few other string routines in musl I don't think this is worth putting in a vendor branch. We don't expect these to change significantly upstream, and I don't think the complexity of going through a vendor branch and obfuscation of using reach-over Makefiles is worth it. If we had a plan to migrate wholesale to musl's string routines it would be a different matter.

Also, have you run any tests? For the SSE ones I've tried to write some simple tests (though not completely exhaustive). I haven't tried memem and strstr though, but perhaps they might serve as inspiration (one example below, but all of the little programs in this directory have a 'tests' mode):

https://github.com/bsdjhb/freebsd/blob/libc_sse/tools/tools/libcsse/memcmp/main.c#L134

I've run correctness tests including the very small set we have in contrib/netbsd-tests (which now include a test for the fixed bug).

I'll look at cribbing from your libc_sse branch for benchmarking.

The results for a pathological case have the musl strstr completing in about 0.05% of the time.
This was with big = 'a' * 65534 + 'b' and little = 'a' * 16382 + 'b'.

x libc_large
+ musl_large
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|+                                                                             |
|+                                                                             |
|+                                                                             |
|+                                                                             |
|+                                                                             |
|+                                                                             |
|+                                                                             |
|+                                                                        x x  |
|+                                                                        xxx  |
|+                                                                        xxxxx|
|A                                                                        |AM| |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
    N           Min           Max        Median           Avg        Stddev
x  10 1.9370947e+09 2.0536267e+09 1.9890161e+09 1.9854802e+09      38220526
+  10       1008687       1073904       1018041     1025801.2     22588.952
Difference at 95.0% confidence
        -1.98445e+09 +/- 2.53935e+07
        -99.9483% +/- 1.27896%
        (Student's t, pooled s = 2.7026e+07)

With little = 'a' * 30 + 'b':

x libc_large
+ musl_large
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|++                                             x                              |
|++                                            xx                              |
|++ +                                          xx                              |
|++ +                                          xx  x       x                  x|
||A|                                      |_____M___A_________|                |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
    N           Min           Max        Median           Avg        Stddev
x  10       5062292       7740604     5124418.5     5491536.3     848585.89
+  10       1075063       1322832       1122805     1149504.3     90691.712
Difference at 95.0% confidence
        -4.34203e+06 +/- 567007
        -79.0677% +/- 10.3251%
        (Student's t, pooled s = 603458)

And with little = 'a' * 31:

x libc_large
+ musl_large
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|        x    +                                                                |
|        x    +                                                                |
|        x    +                                                                |
|        x    +                                                                |
|        x    ++                                                               |
|        xxx  ++ +                           x                                +|
|||______M___AM______A__|________________|                                     |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
    N           Min           Max        Median           Avg        Stddev
x  10           285          3916         343.5         710.5      1127.514
+  10           844          7236         858.5        1521.4     2009.3719
No difference proven at 95.0% confidence

little = "aaa"

x libc_large
+ musl_large
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|             + x                                                              |
|             + x                                                              |
|             ++x                                                              |
|             ++x                                                              |
|             ++x+x                                                     x     +|
||__|_________M_M____AA________________|_|                                     |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
    N           Min           Max        Median           Avg        Stddev
x  10            98          1831          99.5         281.1     545.09988
+  10            54          2030          60.5         264.2     621.00238
No difference proven at 95.0% confidence

little = "aab"

x libc_large
+ musl_large
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|   +                                                                          |
|+ ++                                                                          |
|+ ++                                                                x       x |
|+ ++                                                            x   xx   xxxxx|
| |A|                                                                |___AM__| |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
    N           Min           Max        Median           Avg        Stddev
x  10        770661        883471      851452.5      839097.2     38416.116
+  10        196720        223935        218687      212775.1     11295.819
Difference at 95.0% confidence
        -626322 +/- 26603.9
        -74.6424% +/- 3.17054%
        (Student's t, pooled s = 28314.2)
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