Index: include/xlocale/_locale.h
===================================================================
--- include/xlocale/_locale.h
+++ include/xlocale/_locale.h
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@
 void		 freelocale(locale_t loc);
 locale_t	 newlocale(int mask, const char *locale, locale_t base);
 const char	*querylocale(int mask, locale_t loc);
+const char	*querylocaleversion(int mask, locale_t loc);
 locale_t	 uselocale(locale_t loc);
 
 #endif /* _XLOCALE_LOCALE_H */
Index: lib/libc/locale/Symbol.map
===================================================================
--- lib/libc/locale/Symbol.map
+++ lib/libc/locale/Symbol.map
@@ -209,6 +209,11 @@
 	mbrtoc32_l;
 };
 
+/* TODO: Change to FBSD_1.6 once it has been defined, for FreeBSD 13. */
+FBSD_1.5 {
+	querylocaleversion;
+};
+
 FBSDprivate_1.0 {
 	_PathLocale;
 	__detect_path_locale;
Index: lib/libc/locale/collate.h
===================================================================
--- lib/libc/locale/collate.h
+++ lib/libc/locale/collate.h
@@ -53,6 +53,8 @@
 #endif
 
 #define	COLLATE_STR_LEN		24		/* should be 64-bit multiple */
+
+#define	COLLATE_FORMAT_VERSION_LEN		12
 #define	COLLATE_VERSION		"BSD 1.0\n"
 
 #define	COLLATE_MAX_PRIORITY	(0x7fffffff)	/* max signed value */
@@ -69,7 +71,8 @@
 /*
  * The collate file format is as follows:
  *
- * char		version[COLLATE_STR_LEN];	// must be COLLATE_VERSION
+ * char	format_version[COLLATE_FORMAT_VERSION_LEN]; // must be COLLATE_VERSION
+ * char	data_version[XLOCALE_VERSION_LEN];	// NUL-terminated, may be empty
  * collate_info_t	info;			// see below, includes padding
  * collate_char_pri_t	char_data[256];		// 8 bit char values
  * collate_subst_t	subst[*];		// 0 or more substitutions
Index: lib/libc/locale/collate.c
===================================================================
--- lib/libc/locale/collate.c
+++ lib/libc/locale/collate.c
@@ -150,12 +150,14 @@
 		return (_LDP_ERROR);
 	}
 
-	if (strncmp(TMP, COLLATE_VERSION, COLLATE_STR_LEN) != 0) {
+	if (strncmp(TMP, COLLATE_VERSION, COLLATE_FORMAT_VERSION_LEN) != 0) {
 		(void) munmap(map, sbuf.st_size);
 		errno = EINVAL;
 		return (_LDP_ERROR);
 	}
-	TMP += COLLATE_STR_LEN;
+	TMP += COLLATE_FORMAT_VERSION_LEN;
+	strncpy(table->header.version, TMP, sizeof(table->header.version));
+	TMP += XLOCALE_VERSION_LEN;
 
 	info = (void *)TMP;
 	TMP += sizeof (*info);
Index: lib/libc/locale/querylocaleversion.3
===================================================================
--- /dev/null
+++ lib/libc/locale/querylocaleversion.3
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+.\" Copyright (c) 2018 The FreeBSD Foundation
+.\" All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.\" $FreeBSD$
+.\"
+.Dd September 3, 2018
+.Dt QUERYLOCALEVERSION 3
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm querylocaleversion
+.Nd Look up the locale version for a specified category
+.Sh LIBRARY
+.Lb libc
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.In locale.h
+.Ft const char *
+.Fn querylocaleversion "int mask" "locale_t locale"
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+Returns the version of the locale definition for the category specified by
+.Fa mask .
+The possible values for the mask are the same as those in
+.Xr newlocale 3 .
+Currently the only component that can provide version information is
+.Dv LC_COLLATE_MASK .
+If no version information is available, a
+pointer to an empty string is returned.
+If more than one bit in the mask is set, the returned value is undefined.
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr localedef 1 ,
+.Xr querylocale 3
Index: lib/libc/locale/xlocale.c
===================================================================
--- lib/libc/locale/xlocale.c
+++ lib/libc/locale/xlocale.c
@@ -231,6 +231,8 @@
 		if (new->components[type]) {
 			strncpy(new->components[type]->locale, src->locale,
 			    ENCODING_LEN);
+			strncpy(new->components[type]->version, src->version,
+			    XLOCALE_VERSION_LEN);
 		}
 	} else if (base->components[type]) {
 		new->components[type] = xlocale_retain(base->components[type]);
@@ -355,6 +357,20 @@
 	return ("C");
 }
 
+/*
+ * Returns the version of the locale for a particular component of a locale_t.
+ */
+const char *querylocaleversion(int mask, locale_t loc)
+{
+	int type = ffs(mask) - 1;
+	FIX_LOCALE(loc);
+	if (type >= XLC_LAST)
+		return (NULL);
+	if (loc->components[type])
+		return (loc->components[type]->version);
+	return ("");
+}
+
 /*
  * Installs the specified locale_t as this thread's locale.
  */
Index: lib/libc/locale/xlocale_private.h
===================================================================
--- lib/libc/locale/xlocale_private.h
+++ lib/libc/locale/xlocale_private.h
@@ -91,6 +91,9 @@
 	/** Function used to destroy this component, if one is required*/
 	void(*destructor)(void*);
 };
+
+#define XLOCALE_VERSION_LEN 12
+
 /**
  * Header for a locale component.  All locale components must begin with this
  * header.
@@ -99,6 +102,8 @@
 	struct xlocale_refcounted header;
 	/** Name of the locale used for this component. */
 	char locale[ENCODING_LEN+1];
+	/** Version of the data for this component. */
+	char version[XLOCALE_VERSION_LEN];
 };
 
 /**
Index: usr.bin/localedef/collate.c
===================================================================
--- usr.bin/localedef/collate.c
+++ usr.bin/localedef/collate.c
@@ -1113,7 +1113,8 @@
 	collelem_t		*ce;
 	collchar_t		*cc;
 	subst_t			*sb;
-	char			vers[COLLATE_STR_LEN];
+	char			format_version[COLLATE_FORMAT_VERSION_LEN];
+	char			data_version[XLOCALE_VERSION_LEN];
 	collate_char_t		chars[UCHAR_MAX + 1];
 	collate_large_t		*large;
 	collate_subst_t		*subst[COLL_WEIGHTS_MAX];
@@ -1154,8 +1155,12 @@
 	}
 
 	(void) memset(&chars, 0, sizeof (chars));
-	(void) memset(vers, 0, COLLATE_STR_LEN);
-	(void) strlcpy(vers, COLLATE_VERSION, sizeof (vers));
+	(void) memset(format_version, 0, COLLATE_FORMAT_VERSION_LEN);
+	(void) strlcpy(format_version, COLLATE_VERSION,
+		       sizeof (format_version));
+	(void) memset(data_version, 0, XLOCALE_VERSION_LEN);
+	if (version)
+		(void) strlcpy(data_version, version, sizeof (data_version));
 
 	/*
 	 * We need to make sure we arrange for the UNDEFINED field
@@ -1288,7 +1293,8 @@
 
 	/* Time to write the entire data set out */
 
-	if ((wr_category(vers, COLLATE_STR_LEN, f) < 0) ||
+	if ((wr_category(format_version, COLLATE_FORMAT_VERSION_LEN, f) < 0) ||
+	    (wr_category(data_version, XLOCALE_VERSION_LEN, f) < 0) ||
 	    (wr_category(&collinfo, sizeof (collinfo), f) < 0) ||
 	    (wr_category(&chars, sizeof (chars), f) < 0)) {
 		return;
Index: usr.bin/localedef/localedef.h
===================================================================
--- usr.bin/localedef/localedef.h
+++ usr.bin/localedef/localedef.h
@@ -53,6 +53,8 @@
 extern int warnok;
 extern int warnings;
 
+extern char *version;
+
 int yylex(void);
 void yyerror(const char *);
 _Noreturn void errf(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
Index: usr.bin/localedef/localedef.1
===================================================================
--- usr.bin/localedef/localedef.1
+++ usr.bin/localedef/localedef.1
@@ -131,6 +131,12 @@
 generally not account for East Asian encodings requiring more than a single
 character cell to display, nor for combining or accent marks that occupy
 no additional screen width.
+.It Fl V Ar version
+Specifies a version string describing the source collation data.
+This string can be retrieved using
+.Xr querylocaleversion 3 ,
+and is intended to allow applications to detect when the definition of a
+collation changes.
 .El
 .Pp
 The following operands are required:
@@ -194,6 +200,7 @@
 .Xr locale 1 ,
 .Xr iconv_open 3 ,
 .Xr nl_langinfo 3 ,
+.Xr querylocaleversion 3 ,
 .Xr strftime 3 ,
 .Xr environ 7
 .Sh WARNINGS
Index: usr.bin/localedef/localedef.c
===================================================================
--- usr.bin/localedef/localedef.c
+++ usr.bin/localedef/localedef.c
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <locale.h>
 #include <dirent.h>
+#include "collate.h"
 #include "localedef.h"
 #include "parser.h"
 
@@ -59,6 +60,7 @@
 int warnok = 0;
 static char *locname = NULL;
 static char locpath[PATH_MAX];
+char *version = NULL;
 
 const char *
 category_name(void)
@@ -236,6 +238,7 @@
 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "  -u encoding : assume encoding\n");
 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "  -w widths   : use screen widths file\n");
 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "  -i locsrc   : source file for locale\n");
+	(void) fprintf(stderr, "  -V version  : version string for locale\n");
 	exit(4);
 }
 
@@ -260,7 +263,7 @@
 
 	(void) setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
 
-	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "w:i:cf:u:vUD")) != -1) {
+	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "w:i:cf:u:vUDV:")) != -1) {
 		switch (c) {
 		case 'D':
 			bsd = 1;
@@ -289,6 +292,9 @@
 		case '?':
 			usage();
 			break;
+		case 'V':
+			version = optarg;
+			break;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -300,6 +306,11 @@
 		(void) printf("Processing locale %s.\n", locname);
 	}
 
+	if (version && strlen(version) >= XLOCALE_VERSION_LEN) {
+		(void) fprintf(stderr, "Version string too long.\n");
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
 	if (cfname) {
 		if (verbose)
 			(void) printf("Loading charmap %s.\n", cfname);